Abstract：
:Despite abundance of fat, exclusive dependency on fat oxidation can only sustain a metabolic rate corresponding to 50-60% of VO(2max) in humans. This puzzling finding has been subject to intense research for many years. Lately, it has gained renewed interest as a consequence of increased obesity and physical inactivity imposed by Western lifestyle. Why are humans so poor at metabolizing fat? Can fat metabolism be manipulated by exercise, training, diet and hormones? And why is fat stored in specialized adipose tissue and not just as lipid droplets inside muscle cells? In the present review, human fat metabolism is discussed in relation to how human fat metabolism is designed. Limitations in this design are explored and examples of different designs for fat metabolism from animal physiology are included to illustrate these limitations. Various means of manipulating fat metabolism are discussed with special emphasis on exercise, training, growth hormone (GH) physiology and GH administration. It is concluded that fat stores, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) availability and enzymes for fat oxidation can be increased substantially. However, it is almost impossible to increase fat oxidation during endurance exercise at higher intensities. It seems that, for some reason, the human being is far from optimally designed for fat oxidation during exercise. Acute GH administration has several unexpected effects on fat and carbohydrate metabolism during aerobic exercise, and future research in this area is likely to provide valuable information with respect to GH physiology and the regulation of fat and carbohydrate metabolism during aerobic exercise.
journal_name
Scand J Med Sci Sportsjournal_title
Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sportsauthors
Lange KHdoi
10.1111/j.1600-0838.2004.381.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-04-01 00:00:00pages
74-99issue
2eissn
0905-7188issn
1600-0838pii
SMS381journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:We report a case of a spontaneous humeral shaft fracture sustained during pitching by a 22-year-old previously healthy female European team handball player. The fracture was treated by closed reposition followed by immobilization in a hanging cast. The fracture healed uneventfully, and normal function and range of mot...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00012.x
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sex difference in marathon performance increases with finishing place and age of the runner but whether this occurs among swimmers is unknown. The purpose was to compare sex differences in swimming velocity across world record place (1st-10th), age group (25-89 years), and event distance. We also compared sex diff...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.12412
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
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doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2007.00720.x
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13095
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.00904.x
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13886
更新日期：2020-11-23 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13602
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2007.00641.x
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00031.x
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.12075
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lower energy cost of running (Cr) has been reported when wearing minimal (MS) vs traditional shoes (TS) on level terrain, but the effect of slope on this difference is unknown. The aim of this study was to compare Cr, physiological, and kinematic variables from running in MS and TS on different slope conditions. Fourt...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/sms.12057
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.12280
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01235.x
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13830
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.13382
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/sms.12925
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purposes of this study were to demonstrate the transition of heart rate variability (HRV) during trials in the field and to examine the relationship between peak frequency of high-frequency band (HF) and stride frequency. Ten healthy long-distance college female runners (age 19-21 years) performed a 3000 m realist...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2005.00492.x
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/sms.12578
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
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更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
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更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
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更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
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doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.00996.x
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00840.x
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the association between monitoring tools, training loads, and performance in concurrent heat and hypoxia (H + H) compared with temperate training environments. A randomized parallel matched-group design involved 18 well-trained male cyclists. Participants performed 12 interval sessions (3 weeks) in...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertension is a major health concern, and current recommendations for blood pressure management (lifestyle modifications and pharmacological intervention) have not been universally successful. For two decades, isometric exercise training (IET) has become established as effective at reducing in resting BP (RBP) in a ...
journal_title：Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/sms.12225
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
