Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To assess the epidemiological evidence on diet and cancer and make public health recommendations. DESIGN:Review of published studies, concentrating on recent systematic reviews, meta-analyses and large prospective studies. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS:Overweight/obesity increases the risk for cancers of the oesophagus (adenocarcinoma), colorectum, breast (postmenopausal), endometrium and kidney; body weight should be maintained in the body mass index range of 18.5-25 kg/m(2), and weight gain in adulthood avoided. Alcohol causes cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, oesophagus and liver, and a small increase in the risk for breast cancer; if consumed, alcohol intake should not exceed 2 units/d. Aflatoxin in foods causes liver cancer, although its importance in the absence of hepatitis virus infections is not clear; exposure to aflatoxin in foods should be minimised. Chinese-style salted fish increases the risk for nasopharyngeal cancer, particularly if eaten during childhood, and should be eaten only in moderation. Fruits and vegetables probably reduce the risk for cancers of the oral cavity, oesophagus, stomach and colorectum, and diets should include at least 400 g/d of total fruits and vegetables. Preserved meat and red meat probably increase the risk for colorectal cancer; if eaten, consumption of these foods should be moderate. Salt preserved foods and high salt intake probably increase the risk for stomach cancer; overall consumption of salt preserved foods and salt should be moderate. Very hot drinks and foods probably increase the risk for cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx and oesophagus; drinks and foods should not be consumed when they are scalding hot. Physical activity, the main determinant of energy expenditure, reduces the risk for colorectal cancer and probably reduces the risk for breast cancer; regular physical activity should be taken.
journal_name
Public Health Nutrjournal_title
Public health nutritionauthors
Key TJ,Schatzkin A,Willett WC,Allen NE,Spencer EA,Travis RCdoi
10.1079/phn2003588subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-02-01 00:00:00pages
187-200issue
1Aeissn
1368-9800issn
1475-2727pii
S1368980004000205journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析,评审abstract:OBJECTIVE:Excessive free sugars consumption has a possible role in health issues, diet quality and obesity development. The present cross-sectional study aimed to identify the major food sources of free sugars in Greek children's diet and investigate possible associations of dietary patterns with free sugars intake. D...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980015003146
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the association between dinner eating location and the nutritional quality of the specific dinner meal and the whole-day dietary intake and to compare the diets of those consuming ≥25% of energy out of home and at school/work (SOH; substantial out-of-home eaters) with those consuming <25% of energy o...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980013000268
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abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine socio-economic status (SES) and time-related factors associated with less healthy food purchases in Australia. DESIGN:Data were from the 2009/10 Household Expenditure Survey (HES) conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Regression analysis was used to examine the associations between the...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
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doi:10.1017/S1368980017003342
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980010002995
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine characteristics potentially associated with school lunch fruit and vegetable waste, both overall and pre/post implementation of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act. DESIGN:Multi-year (2010-2013) cross-sectional study using pre- and post-meal digital photographs of students' school lunch trays to est...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980015000385
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in young urban children in Auckland, New Zealand, where there is no routine vitamin D supplementation. DESIGN:A random sample of urban children. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D <27.5 nmol/l (<11 ng/ml). Logi...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
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doi:10.1017/S1368980009004820
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Public health nutrition
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doi:10.1017/S1368980008002310
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journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980015002372
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Previous studies focused on a limited number of determinants of food label use. We therefore tested a comprehensive model of food label use consisting of sociodemographic, health-related and motivating variables. These three predictor groups were chosen based on the previous literature and completed with new ...
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doi:10.1017/S136898001100156X
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1017/S1368980019004725
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journal_title:Public health nutrition
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doi:10.1017/S1368980017003780
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980013000244
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980011000760
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the potential impact of zinc biofortification of rice and wheat on public health in India and to evaluate its cost-effectiveness compared with alternative interventions and international standards. DESIGN:The burden of zinc deficiency (ZnD) in India was expressed in disability-adjusted life years...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
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doi:10.1017/S1368980007223857
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1017/S1368980020002487
更新日期:2020-08-14 00:00:00
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journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980012004892
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Public health nutrition
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doi:10.1017/S1368980009990723
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Public health nutrition
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doi:10.1017/S1368980009005060
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1017/S1368980015001470
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Public health nutrition
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更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1017/phn2005922
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S1368980007668542
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980019001095
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Public health nutrition
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doi:10.1017/S1368980007000420
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980011001303
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00