The vulnerable and the susceptible.

abstract：:In democratic theory, "legitimacy" refers to the set of conditions that must be in place in order for the claims to authority of somebody to be deemed appropriate, and for their claims to compliance to be warranted. Though criteria of legitimacy have been elaborated in the context of democratic states, there is no rea...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Smith MJ,Weinstock D

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In controlled human infection (CHI) studies, investigators deliberately infect healthy individuals with pathogens in order to study mechanisms of disease or obtain preliminary efficacy data on investigational vaccines and medicines. CHI studies offer a fast and cost-effective way of generating new scientific insights,...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Rid A,Roestenberg M

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contemporary realities of global population movement increasingly bring to the fore the challenge of quality and equitable health provision across language barriers. While this linguistic challenge is not unique to immigration contexts and is likewise shared by health systems responding to the needs of aboriginal peop...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Peled Y

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As bioethics emerged in the 1960s and 1970s and began to have enormous impacts on the practice of medicine and research--fuelled, by broad socio-political changes that gave rise to the struggles of women, African Americans, gay men and lesbians, and the antiauthoritarianism impulse that characterised the New Left in d...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Bayer R,Fairchild AL

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been argued that there can be no person-regarding reasons for practising genetic therapy, since it affects identity and causes to exist an individual who would not otherwise have existed. And there can be no such reasons for causing somebody to exist because existing cannot be better for an individual than neve...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Persson I

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Erik Malmqvist defends the prohibition on kidney sales as a justifiable measure to protect individuals from harms they have not autonomously chosen. This appeal to 'group soft paternalism' requires that three conditions be met. It must be shown that some vendors will be harmed, that some will be subject to undue press...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Semrau L

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper is an analysis of the limits of family authority to refuse life saving treatment for a family member (in the Chinese medical context). Family consent has long been praised and practiced in many non-Western cultural settings such as China and Japan. In contrast, the controversy of family refusal remains less...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Jin P,Zhang X

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the past decade, the perception of a bioterrorist threat has increased and created a demand on life scientists to consider the potential security implications of dual use research. This article examines a selection of proposed moral obligations for life scientists that have emerged to meet these concerns and the ex...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Kuhlau F,Eriksson S,Evers K,Höglund AT

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate whether Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong share similar perceptions with their Western counterparts regarding their capacity for autonomous decision-making, and secondarily whether Chinese parents underestimate their adolescent children's desire and capacity for autonomous decision-making. MET...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Hui E

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Like any discipline, bioethics is a developing field of academic inquiry; and recent trends in scholarship have been towards more engagement with empirical research. This 'empirical turn' has provoked extensive debate over how such 'descriptive' research carried out in the social sciences contributes to the distinctiv...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Frith L

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper I discuss the view that the appropriate concept of competence is a decision-relative one: that a person may be competent to make one decision but not another. The argument that I present is that neither of the two competing theories supporting the decision-relative approach, internalism and externalism, ...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Buller T

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of philosophers in recent times have employed arguments to show that there is no morally relevant difference between killing a patient and allowing that patient to die in those circumstances where the outcome is virtually identical and where death is preventable, at least for a significant time. From his per...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Thornton J

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several important issues are raised and illuminated in "Genetic Harm"; not least, in its detailed discussion of specific genetic disorders. In particular, it focuses on a type of disorder whose ill effects are not manifested at birth, but only at a later stage in life. The conclusion, with its significant implicatio...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Zohar NJ

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Funders (located primarily in high-income countries) and high-income country researchers have historically dominated decision-making within global health research collaborations: from setting agendas and research design to determining how data are collected and analysed and what happens with findings and outputs. The ...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Pratt B

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent ethical and legal challenges have arisen concerning the rights of individuals over their IVF embryos, leading to questions about how, when the wishes of parents regarding their embryos conflict, such situations ought to be resolved. A notion commonly invoked in relation to frozen embryo disputes is that of repr...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Chan S,Quigley M

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acts of helping others are often based on mixed motivations. Based on this claim, it has been argued that the use of a financial reward to incentivize organ donation is compatible with promoting altruism in organ donation. In its report Human Bodies: Donation for Medicine and Research, the Nuffield Council on Bioethic...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Voo TC

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Much of the debate about the ethics of abortion has centered on whether the fetus is a person. In an attempt to sidestep this complex issue, I argue that, even if the fetus is not a person, abortion is immoral. To arrive at this conclusion, I argue that giving a fetus fetal alcohol syndrome is immoral, and that if thi...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Hendricks P

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Don Marquis argues that abortion is morally wrong in most cases since it deprives the fetus of the value of its future. I criticize Marquis's argument for the modified conservative view by adopting an argumentative strategy in which I work within his basic account: if it is granted that his fundamental idea is sound, ...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Card RF

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An educated guess about the future of academic bioethics can only be made on the basis of the historical conditions of its success. According to its official history, which attributes its success primarily to the service it has done for the patient, it should be safe at least as long as the patient still needs its ser...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Epstein M

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A crucial premise in many recent arguments against the moral permissibility of surrogate motherhood arrangements is the claim that a woman cannot autonomously consent to gestating and relinquishing a child to another couple, because she cannot be fully informed about what her future emotional responses will be to the ...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Oakley J

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to determine whether a particular course of conduct is ethically permissible it is important to have a concept of what it means to be harmed. The dominant theory of harm is the counterfactual account, most famously proposed by Joel Feinberg. This determines whether harm is caused by comparing what actually ha...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Purshouse C

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Slippery slope arguments (SSAs) are used in a wide range of philosophical debates, but are often dismissed as empirically ill-founded and logically fallacious. In particular, leading authors put forward a meta-SSA which points to instances of empirically ill-founded and logically fallacious SSAs and to the alleged exi...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Fumagalli R

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cass Sunstein and Richard Thaler recommend helping people make better decisions by employing 'nudges', which they define as noncoercive methods of influencing choice for the better. Not surprisingly, healthcare practitioners and public policy professionals have become interested in whether nudges might be a promising ...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Noggle R

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a Living Donor List Exchange program, the donor makes his kidney available for allocation to patients on the postmortal waiting-list and receives in exchange a postmortal kidney, usually an O-kidney, to be given to the recipient he favours. The program can be a solution for a candidate donor who is unable to donate...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： den Hartogh G

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The future development of bioethics has been discussed in a number of articles in recent years, principally with regard to the trend towards empirical studies. However, what is meant by empirical studies in this context and how it is to be used concretely have been subject to varying interpretations. The purpose of th...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Nikku N,Eriksson BE

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper explores the legal and ethical concept of human subject research in order to determine whether genetic research with already available biosamples and data falls within this concept. Although the ethical concept seems to have evolved to recognize research based on data as human research, from a supranational...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Pormeister K

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this paper is to describe the scientific background to the current ethical and legislative debates about the generation and use of human stem cells, and to give an overview of the ethical issues underlying these debates. The ethical issues discussed are 1) stem cells and the status of the embryo, 2) wom...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Holm S

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Uterus transplants provide another treatment for infertility. Some might think that we should embrace such transplants as one more way to assist people to have children. However, in this paper I argue that uterus transplants are not something that we ought to fund, nor something that we should make easy to access. Fir...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： McTernan E

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Variation in decision-making about end-of-life care among ethnic groups creates clinical conflicts. In order to understand changes in preferences for end-of-life care among Japanese who immigrate to the United States, we conducted 18 focus groups with 122 participants: 65 English-speaking Japanese Americans, 29 Japane...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Bito S,Matsumura S,Singer MK,Meredith LS,Fukuhara S,Wenger NS

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following Bernheim,(1) we examine aspects of 'felicitometrics,'(2) the measurement of the 'quality' term in Quality of Life (QOL). Bernheim argued that overall QOL is best captured as the Gestalt(3) of a global self-assessment and suggested that the Anamnestic Comparative Self Assessment (ACSA) approach, in which subj...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Kowalski C,Pennell S,Vinokur A

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00