Abstract:
:Many types of neurons can release endocannabinoids that act as retrograde signals to inhibit neurotransmitter release from presynaptic terminals. Little is known, however, about the properties or role of such inhibition under physiological conditions. Here we report that brief bursts of presynaptic activity evoked endocannabinoid release, which strongly inhibited parallel fiber-to-Purkinje cell synapses in rat cerebellar slices. This retrograde inhibition was triggered by activation of either postsynaptic metabotropic or ionotropic glutamate receptors and was restricted to synapses activated with high-frequency bursts. Thus, endocannabinoids allow neurons to inhibit specific synaptic inputs in response to a burst, thereby dynamically fine-tuning the properties of synaptic integration.
journal_name
Nat Neuroscijournal_title
Nature neuroscienceauthors
Brown SP,Brenowitz SD,Regehr WGdoi
10.1038/nn1126subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-10-01 00:00:00pages
1048-57issue
10eissn
1097-6256issn
1546-1726pii
nn1126journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Nucleus HVc of the avian song system is a forebrain structure critical in song production, perception and learning. Here we show that most HVc neurons that respond to auditory stimuli under anesthesia show no responses to the same stimulus in the awake, unrestrained bird. This suppression of auditory responses in awak...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/2232
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the number of open Ca(2+) channels necessary for transmitter release at the inhibitory basket cell-granule cell synapse in rat hippocampus, we combined presynaptic Ca(2+) imaging, recording of postsynaptic currents and modeling. We found that that the opening of three or fewer Ca(2+) channels triggered tr...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2461
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Axon guidance cues contributing to the development of eye-specific visual projections to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) have not previously been identified. Here we show that gradients of ephrin-As and their receptors (EphAs) direct retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons from the two eyes into their stereotyped patte...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1505
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in MECP2 cause the neurodevelopmental disorder Rett syndrome (RTT). The RTT missense MECP2R306C mutation prevents MeCP2 from interacting with the NCoR/histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) complex; however, the neuronal function of HDAC3 is incompletely understood. We found that neuronal deletion of Hdac3 in mice el...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.4347
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transmitter release is triggered by highly localized, transient increases in the presynaptic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]). Rapidly decaying [Ca(2+)] elevations were generated using Ca(2+) uncaging techniques, and [Ca(2+)] was measured with a low-affinity Ca(2+) indicator in a giant presynaptic terminal, the calyx o...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1417
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We elucidated the intrinsic circuitry of the medial prefrontal cortex and its role in regulating fear extinction, using neuronal tracing and optogenetic stimulation in vitro and in vivo. We show that pyramidal neurons in layer 5/6 of the prelimbic medial prefrontal cortex project to pyramidal cells in layer 5/6 of the...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0137-x
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The painful sensations produced by a laceration, freeze, burn, muscle strain or internal injury are readily distinguishable because each is characterized by a particular sensory quality such as sharp, aching, burning or prickling. We propose that there are specific neural correlates of each pain quality, and here we u...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn955
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Illusions that produce perceptual suppression despite constant retinal input are used to manipulate visual consciousness. Here we report on a powerful variant of existing techniques, continuous flash suppression. Distinct images flashed successively at approximately 10 Hz into one eye reliably suppress an image presen...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1500
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synaptic stimulation activates signal transduction pathways, producing persistently active protein kinases. PKMzeta is a truncated, persistently active isoform of atypical protein kinase C-zeta (aPKCzeta), which lacks the N-terminal pseudosubstrate regulatory domain. Using a Pavlovian olfactory learning task in Drosop...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn820
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In mammals, many daily cycles are driven by a central circadian clock, which is based on the cell-autonomous rhythmic expression of clock genes. It is not clear, however, how peripheral cells are able to interpret the rhythmic signals disseminated from this central oscillator. Here we show that cycling expression of t...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn806
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::What neural activity in motor cortex represents and how it controls ongoing movement remain unclear. Suggestions that cortex generates low-level muscle control are discredited by correlations with higher-level parameters of hand movement, but no coherent alternative exists. I argue that the view of low-level control i...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/73964
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electrophysiological connectivity patterns in cortex often have a few strong connections, which are sometimes bidirectional, among a lot of weak connections. To explain these connectivity patterns, we created a model of spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) in which synaptic changes depend on presynaptic spike arri...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.2479
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motor function requires that motor axons extend from the spinal cord at regular intervals and that they are myelinated by Schwann cells. Little attention has been given to another cellular structure, the perineurium, which ensheaths the motor nerve, forming a flexible, protective barrier. Consequently, the origin of p...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn2025
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular mechanisms that activate morphogenesis of cerebral cortex are currently the subject of intensive experimental analysis. Transcription factor genes of the homeobox, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) and zinc-finger families have recently been shown to have essential roles in this process. However, the actual ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn892
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The CNS is protected by the immune system, including cells that reside directly within the CNS and help to ensure proper neural function, as well as cells that traffic into the CNS with disease. The CNS-resident immune system is comprised mainly of innate immune cells and operates under homeostatic conditions. These m...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/nn.4475
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the postnatal subventricular zone (SVZ), local cues or signaling molecules released from neuroblasts limit the proliferation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-expressing progenitors thought to be stem cells. However, signals between SVZ cells have not been identified. We show that depolarization of neurobla...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1522
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::GABA interneurons play a critical role in higher brain functions. Astrocytic glial cells interact with synapses throughout the whole brain and are recognized as regulatory elements of excitatory synaptic transmission. However, it is largely unknown how GABAergic interneurons and astrocytes interact and contribute to s...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41593-020-00752-x
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dorsal root ganglia (DRG) contain a variety of mechanoreceptors, but no molecular markers uniquely identify specific mechanoreceptor subtypes. We have used DNA microarrays and subtracted cDNA libraries to isolate genes that are specifically expressed by one type of mouse mechanoreceptor. The T-type calcium channel...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn1076
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Repeated cocaine administration increases the dendritic arborization of nucleus accumbens neurons, but the underlying signaling events remain unknown. Here we show that repeated exposure to cocaine negatively regulates the active form of Rac1, a small GTPase that controls actin remodeling in other systems. Further, we...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.3094
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synaptic cadherin adhesion complexes are known to be key regulators of synapse plasticity. However, the molecular mechanisms that coordinate activity-induced modifications in cadherin localization and adhesion and the subsequent changes in synapse morphology and efficacy remain unknown. We demonstrate that the intrace...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.3657
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dopamine signaling is implicated in reinforcement learning, but the neural substrates targeted by dopamine are poorly understood. We bypassed dopamine signaling itself and tested how optogenetic activation of dopamine D1 or D2 receptor–expressing striatal projection neurons influenced reinforcement learning in mice. S...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.3100
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this Perspective, we expand the notion of temporal regulation of RNA in the brain and propose that the qualitative nature of RNA and its metabolism, together with RNA abundance, are essential for the molecular mechanisms underlying experience-dependent plasticity. We discuss emerging concepts in the newly burgeonin...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.4378
更新日期:2016-09-27 00:00:00
abstract::In neocortical circuits, repetitively active neurons evoke unitary postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) whose peak amplitudes either increase (facilitate) or decrease (depress) progressively. To examine the basis for these different synaptic responses, we made simultaneous recordings from three classes of neurons in cortica...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/1092
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A fundamental assumption in neuroscience is that brain structure determines function. Accordingly, functionally distinct regions of cortex should be structurally distinct in their connections to other areas. We tested this hypothesis in relation to face selectivity in the fusiform gyrus. By using only structural conne...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.3001
更新日期:2011-12-25 00:00:00
abstract::The US government is re-examining how it funds science, but it remains to be seen whether the administration can overcome tradition and bureaucratic inertia and achieve a substantial renovation of the grants peer-review system. ...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1038/nn0208-119
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Orchestrating appropriate behavioral responses in the face of competing signals that predict either rewards or threats in the environment is crucial for survival. The basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) and prelimbic (PL) medial prefrontal cortex have been implicated in reward-seeking and fear-related responses,...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn.4553
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growing evidence suggests that the recognition of different emotional states involves at least partly separable neural circuits. Here we assessed the discrimination of both anger and happiness in healthy subjects receiving transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the medial-frontal cortex or over a control site (m...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/82854
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is genetically heterogeneous with convergent symptomatology, suggesting common dysregulated pathways. In this study, we analyzed brain transcriptional changes in five mouse models of Pitt-Hopkins syndrome (PTHS), a syndromic form of ASD caused by mutations in the TCF4 gene, but not the T...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41593-019-0578-x
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vivo model systems are a critical tool for gaining insight into the pathology underlying psychiatric disorders. Although modern functional imaging tools allow study of brain correlates of behavior in clinical groups and genome-wide association studies are beginning to uncover the complex genetic architecture of psy...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/nn.4413
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The C. elegans SAX-3/Robo receptor acts in anterior-posterior, dorsal-ventral and midline guidance decisions. Here we show that SAX-3 signaling involves the C. elegans Enabled protein UNC-34 and an unexpected Netrin-independent function of the Netrin receptor UNC-40/DCC. Genetic interactions with gain- and loss-of-fun...
journal_title:Nature neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nn956
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00