Abstract：
:Serial results from an individual are often obtained using more than one method. Results should be transferable over time and locale. Every method has inherent analytical error, and goals are required to delineate the maximum allowable random (imprecision) and systematic (inaccuracy, bias) errors to facilitate optimal patient care. Based on Harris's proposal [Am J Clin Pathol 1979;72:374-82] that desirable imprecision should be less than or equal to one-half the within-subject biological variation, if the methods have negligible imprecision, then the maximum allowable bias between two methods used for monitoring is one-third of the within-subject biological variation. A more general model has been developed that relates the analytical imprecisions of two methods, and the bias between them, to biological variation. Applying the general formula derived in specific clinical monitoring situations in which a known change in serial results (occurring at a stated probability) stimulates clinical action allows goals for the imprecisions of the two methods and allows the difference in bias between them to be determined quantitatively.
journal_name
Clin Chemjournal_title
Clinical chemistryauthors
Petersen PH,Fraser CG,Westgard JO,Larsen MLsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-11-01 00:00:00pages
2256-60issue
11eissn
0009-9147issn
1530-8561journal_volume
38pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:A column-switching HPLC system was utilized for the simultaneous determination of epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, and their metabolites metanephrine, normetanephrine, 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, homovanillic acid, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in human urine. The sample was injected directly on...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We immunoenzymometrically measured creatine kinase (CK) isoenzyme MB in extracts of myocardium and in homogenates of five different skeletal muscles. CK-MB concentrations in the former averaged 80.9 micrograms/g wet tissue; in the skeletal muscles it varied widely, being (e.g.) 25-fold greater in diaphragm than in pso...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe specific EMIT homogeneous enzyme immunoassays for amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, and desipramine in patients' serum samples. Before analysis, an easily performed extraction step involving the use of 500 microL of sample and a 1-mL disposable column eliminates cross-reacting polar metabolites. Th...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We measured the free amino acids in plasma of 58 patients with HIV infection and in six persons in the risk group. The HIV+ patients had significantly increased concentrations of arginine, phenylalanine, and glutamate in comparison with both age- and sex-matched controls and the members of the risk group. Glutamate co...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric aciduria was detected in a newborn. The progress of the dietary therapy for the disorder was monitored by dual-column "high-performance" liquid chromatography with a computer-controlled photodiode array spectrophotometric detector. This procedure is a quick way to detect and monitor the prog...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A novel flow-through design for a calcium ion-selective liquid membrane and half-cell is proposed. The membrane is based on a neutral carrier for calcium and has the same quantitative chemical composition as that used in most commercial analyzers for ionized calcium (iCa2+). The membrane and half-cell follow the speci...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a single-cuvette enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on enzymic rate kinetics. This kinetic assay can yield linear quantitative data on immunoglobin concentrations. Optimum assay conditions, component concentrations, reaction intervals, and pH are described. Assay linearity and sensitivity are ...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The "unit" for "enzymic activity" (U = 1 micromol/min) was recommended by the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUB) in 1961 and is widely used in medical laboratory reports. The general trend in metrology, however, is toward global standardization through defining units coherent wit...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This method for determining aluminum in human serum involves electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry. A longer drying time allows less pre-dilution of the sample, and the method also includes a flush cycle after atomization. Standard-addition methodology is used to eliminate matrix effects and the need for ...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a rapid, sensitive, and specific "high performance" liquid chromatographic analysis for disopyramide and its mono-N-dealkylated metabolite in serum, urine, and saliva. We used a mu-Bondapak CN column and an acetate buffer mobile phase containing methanol. Retention times for the two compounds and the inter...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a sensitive radioimmunoassay for rapidly determining the concentration of thyroxine in 10 microL of human serum. Aggregated antithyroxine antibodies are used to separate bound and free hormone. This speeds the assay and economizes on reagents without loss of sensitivity, specificity, or precision. Results ...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method is described for separating antibody-bound from free fractions in ligand assays by column affinity chromatography, and its application to radioimmunoassay of choriomammotropin. In the method, 70 x 10 mm (i.d.) polypropylene columns containing about 150 mg of immunosorbent (goat anti-rabbit gamma-globulins cov...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the efficiency, accuracy, and reliability of the ultrafiltration/dipstick methodology commonly used to diagnose myoglobinuria. Twenty-five myoglobin-containing urine specimens were filtered by centrifugation for 15 min at 1500g through a Centricon-30 membrane filter. Both the original specimen and filt...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An electrospray ionization-mass spectrometric procedure has been developed for determining glycohemoglobin. Whole-blood samples from 78 diabetic and 50 nondiabetic subjects (glycation range 3-15%, as determined by electrospray mass spectrometry) were diluted 500-fold in an acidic denaturing solvent and introduced dire...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Immune repertoire sequencing of the T-cell receptor can identify clonotypes that have expanded as a result of antigen recognition or hematological malignancies. However, current sequencing protocols display limitations with nonuniform amplification and polymerase-induced errors during sequencing. Here, we de...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/clinchem/hvaa159
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We developed and evaluated a direct ultraviolet method for the enzymatic determination of uric acid in serum, plasma, or urine, without deproteinization of sera and plasma. Equilibrium and nonlinear curve-fitting kinetic options are evaluated and compared, and results of the proposed method are compared with those of ...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The counting of leukocytes and erythrocytes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is still performed microscopically, e.g., using a chamber in most laboratories. This requires sufficient practical experience, is time-consuming, and may constitute a problem in emergency diagnostics. Specific automated systems for CSF ...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Increased plasma troponin T (cTnT), but not troponin I (cTnI), is frequently observed in end-stage renal failure patients. Although generally considered spurious, we previously reported an associated increased mortality at 12 months. METHODS:We studied long-term outcomes in 244 patients on chronic hemodialy...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a gas-chromatographic method for measuring chlorpromazine and its metabolites chlorpromazine sulfoxide, mono-N-desmethylchlorpromazine, and di-N-desmethylchlorpromazine at therapeutic concentrations in human serum, with use of a nitrogen detector. The compounds are extracted from serum at pH 10.5 into hexa...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Monoclonal antibodies were raised against neuron-specific enolase, gamma gamma-enolase, and used in an immunoradiometric assay (IRMA), with mono-disperse magnetizable particles as the solid phase. The assay's sensitivity was 0.4 microgram/L and the interassay coefficient of variation was less than 5% in the working ra...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Increased cardiac troponin concentrations in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) identify patients with ongoing cardiomyocyte necrosis who are at increased risk. However, with the use of more precise assays, cardiac troponin increases are commonly noted in other cardiovascular conditions as well. This has generate...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2016.261495
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new method for the reliable identification of localized variations in DNA by detection of associated diagnostic products with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry is described. The diagnostic products are generated by the primer oligo base extension (PROBE) reaction, which req...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A simple, direct radioimmunoassay for cortisol in human serum and plasma is described. An antiserum, raised in sheep to a cortisol-3-(O-carboxymethyl)oxime/bovine serum albumin conjugate, is coupled to microcellulose. No extraction is required because plasma samples and standards are incubated with the antiserum and a...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Microalbuminuria (MA) is recognized as an important risk factor for cardiovascular and renal complications in diabetes. We sought to evaluate how screening for MA is conducted and how urine albumin (UA) results are interpreted in primary care internationally. METHODS:General practitioners (GPs) received a c...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2007.100917
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this automated apoenzyme reactivation immunoassay system (Ames Optimate) for thyroxin-binding globulin (TBG), the sample and N6-aminohexylflavin adenine dinucleotide-labeled TBG react sequentially with antiserum. Then apoglucose oxidase is added to combine with the free fraction and generate glucose oxidase activit...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There have been no large-scale analyses of resource utilization comparing the overall costs to treat pediatric patients vs adult patients. Likewise, there have been no studies evaluating the costs of the various components of hospitalization (e.g., accommodation, laboratory, radiology, and drugs) among adult...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Efforts have been undertaken recently to assess the fetal genome through analysis of circulating cell-free (ccf) fetal DNA obtained from maternal plasma. Sequencing analysis of such ccf DNA has been shown to enable accurate prenatal detection of fetal aneuploidies, including trisomies of chromosomes 21, 18, ...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2011.180794
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Specific gravity (SG) may perform as well as creatinine (CR) correction for adjusting urinary hormone concentrations, as well as offer some advantages. We compared the two methods and applied them to US and Bangladeshi specimens to evaluate their use in different populations. METHODS:Pearson correlations be...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2004.032292
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A literature review of the effects of long-term freezer storage on concentrations of antioxidant micronutrients in serum or plasma showed that a high proportion of the studies that compared the concentrations of retinol, beta-carotene, or alpha-tocopherol in fresh and stored serum were deficient because of small numbe...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The resurgence of the parasitic disease schistosomiasis calls for more efficient diagnostic tests. We developed a rapid, simple, portable, and sensitive immunoagglutination assay that uses SiO(2) particles and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) for quantifying Schistosoma japonicum (Sj) antibodies (SjAb). ME...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2006.071555
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
