Abstract:
:The efficacy of bronchoscopy for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has not been systematically evaluated. We therefore compared the diagnostic yield of bronchoscopy in 67 HIV-infected and 45 non-HIV-infected patients with culture-proven pulmonary tuberculosis. In all cases, acid-fast smears of sputum were negative or not obtained prior to bronchoscopy. Prebronchoscopic sputum culture yielded Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 34 (89 percent) of 38 HIV-infected patients and 26 (93 percent) of 28 non-HIV-infected patients from whom specimens were obtained. Bronchoscopy provided an early diagnosis of tuberculosis (positive acid-fast smear or granulomata on biopsy) in 23 (34 percent) of the HIV-infected patients and 20 (44 percent) of the patients without HIV infection. The sensitivities of the acid-fast smear and of mycobacterial culture of bronchoscopic specimens and postbronchoscopic sputum were similar in patients with or without HIV infection. In HIV-infected patients, granulomatous inflammation was noted on transbronchial biopsy in 11 (19 percent) of 59 patients with HIV infection, compared to 16 (43 percent) of 37 patients without HIV infection (p = 0.01). Nevertheless, transbronchial biopsy provided the exclusive means for an early diagnosis of tuberculosis in six (10 percent) of 59 HIV-infected patients. We conclude that the yield of bronchoscopy for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients is similar to that in patients without HIV infection, and that transbronchial biopsy provides incremental diagnostic information not available from evaluation of sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
journal_name
Chestjournal_title
Chestauthors
Kennedy DJ,Lewis WP,Barnes PFdoi
10.1378/chest.102.4.1040subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-10-01 00:00:00pages
1040-4issue
4eissn
0012-3692issn
1931-3543pii
S0012-3692(16)34274-Xjournal_volume
102pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
CHEST文献大全abstract::We describe three cases of acute uncomplicated bacterial pneumonia due to viridans streptococci in previously healthy adults, which were indistinguishable from those caused by other well-known respiratory pathogens. On arrival, all of these patients were treated with IV aqueous penicillin based on Gram stain of sputum...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.96.4.831
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Interest in airways inflammatory disease has increasingly focused on innate immunity. We investigated several components of innate immunity in induced sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), COPD, and asthma, and healthy control subjects. METHODS:Twenty eight patients with mild CF lung disease (age > ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.128.4.2316
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:To describe the prevalence of parental prompting to smoke (eg, parent requests that their child light the parent's cigarette in his/her own mouth) in a sample of families, and to assess the agreement between child and parent reports of the prompting behaviors. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:A total...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.125.2.429
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathologic obstruction of the proximal lumen and secondary atrophy of the media of the peripheral small pulmonary arteries were absolute operative contraindications in cases of VSD and/or PDA with severe pulmonary hypertension. Such patients who were operated on died with no decrease in pulmonary arterial pressure. Th...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.96.1.31
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We recently showed that administration of the combination of the noradrenergic drug atomoxetine plus the antimuscarinic oxybutynin (ato-oxy) prior to sleep greatly reduced OSA severity, likely by increasing upper airway dilator muscle activity during sleep. In patients with OSA who performed the ato-oxy tria...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chest.2020.01.012
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results of studies that use laboratory tests are often easy to interpret, because we are familiar with the units and how to interpret them. However, this is not the case when the results are presented as ORs, relative risks, correlation, or scores on an unfamiliar scale. This article explains these various indices of ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.11-2473
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::POC testing provides an opportunity for clinicians and laboratorians to work together to consider how best to serve the patients within an individual institution. Each health system has unique characteristics relative to patient population, as well as a unique laboratory structure. If physicians, nurses, laboratorians...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.115.4.1140
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to determine the likelihood of pre-existing nutritional deficits in medical patients with acute respiratory failure, a nutritional assessment survey was performed on 18 control patients with stable COPD and nine patients with COPD and acute respiratory failure. Significant differences were noted with the resp...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.82.5.568
更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared the bronchodilator effects and systemic tolerability of 12, 24 and 48 micrograms formoterol DP capsules with 12 micrograms formoterol MDI and placebo in 30 patients with reversible obstructive airway disease. Pulmonary function tests were done and pulse rate and blood pressure were recorded. We observed si...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1378/chest.101.5.1376
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, pleural calcifications prevailing in the inhabitants of some villages and towns around Diyarbakir, a city in southeast Turkey, have been found to be caused by the inhalation of chrysotile asbestos, the mineral commonly used indiscriminately to paint the walls and floors of houses. There were no industri...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.70.1.43
更新日期:1976-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We prospectively looked at the prognostic value of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) lymphocyte count in 98 patients with recently diagnosed (less than 4 months) untreated sarcoidosis. These 50 men and 48 women (mean age, 37.4) were followed up for a period of 6 to 60 months (mean, 25.6), and were clinically evaluated ever...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.100.2.380
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A comprehensive evaluation of temporal trends in the treatment of patients who have DVT may assist with identification of modifiable factors that contribute to short-term outcomes. METHODS:We assessed temporal trends in length of hospital stay and use of pharmacological and interventional therapies among 26...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.chest.2016.03.046
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two cases of a Greenfield inferior vena cava (IVC) filter being dislodged during central venous catheter placement are described. This event appears to be related to J-tip guidewire use during venous catheterization. To our knowledge, this occurrence previously has not been reported. One of the two filters was dislodg...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1378/chest.106.3.957
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten patients undergoing pneumonectomy were evaluated with the lateral position test (LPT) in addition to routine pulmonary function tests (PFTs). On the basis of the percentage of ventilation estimated to be contributed by each lung on LPT, predictions were made for expected values for each patient's post-pneumonectom...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.77.1.24
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arterial blood samples from 75 patients were analyzed for PO2, PCO2, and pH at 0, 15, and 30 min. After the baseline analysis, 60 samples were kept in ice while 59 samples were left at room temperature. There was a statistically significant increase in the PO2 at 15 min and again at 30 min in both groups. There was a ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.103.4.1120
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although the cycle ergometer is the traditional mode for exercise testing in patients with respiratory disease, this preference over the treadmill does not consider perceptual responses. Our hypotheses were as follows: (1) the regression slope between breathlessness and oxygen consumption (Vo(2)) is greater ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.08-1258
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the role of open lung biopsy in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), we retrospectively reviewed the cases of 42 patients with AIDS who underwent this procedure for the diagnosis of pulmonary infiltrates. Four patients had no preceding bronchoscopy because the severity of the respirat...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.91.5.659
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of intravenous (IV) amiodarone (300 mg) on heart rate was investigated in 22 patients with acute myocardial infarction (18) or ischemia (4) and sinus tachycardia. There were 11 men and 11 women (age range, 48 to 83 years; mean, 63.5). Amiodarone IV slowed the mean heart rate from 109 +/- 14 beats/min to 94 ...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.94.3.584
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Left hemorrhagic pleural effusion was the presenting sign of painless aortic dissecting aneurysm in two elderly hypertensive patients. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest revealed the aneurysmal dilatation of the thoracic aorta and an intimal flap connecting its descending part with the left pleural space. The patie...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.106.2.636
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The characteristic arteriopathy of primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) with attendant endothelial dysfunction provides an opportunity for enhanced cellular activation in the lung. Data from many laboratories support the concept of altered eicosanoid metabolism in PPH. Rigorously quantitative measurements of the excre...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1378/chest.114.3_supplement.205s
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of portable monitors (PM) devices has been demonstrated in a wide variety of investigational settings with varying results. While most devices correlate very well with in-laboratory polysomnography, some still misclassify a significant numbers of patients and have lower sensitivity. In addition, the failure ra...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1378/chest.06-2793
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Inadequate localized drug concentrations and systemic adverse effects are among the concerns when regional infections are treated with systemic antibiotics. We designed and fabricated a poly(D,L)-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA)-based biodegradable drug delivery system and evaluated the release of antibiotics bot...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.11-1254
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bronchoscopy is essential to the practice of pulmonary medicine. It is an important diagnostic and therapeutic tool for many disease processes. Bronchoscopy can be performed in a variety of clinical settings, from the bedside to an operating room. Although bronchoscopy has been practiced for more than a century, conse...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.chest.2019.09.024
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intraoperative two-dimensional echocardiography allows visualization of cardiac anatomy and function not possible by other techniques. Although preoperative evaluation by noninvasive methods is usually adequate for diagnosis of cardiac tumors, two-dimensional echocardiography can be beneficial intraoperatively. Intrao...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.91.1.142
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the incidence of phrenic neuropathy following coronary artery bypass grafting and determine long-term outcome. DESIGN:Prospective observational. SETTING:Surgical ICU in a university hospital, out-patient follow-up. PATIENTS:Ninety-two consecutive patients undergoing open heart surgery. INTERVENTI...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.103.3.850
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 32-year-old woman with a one-year history of progressive shortness of breath and chest pain was found to have a grade 4/6 systolic murmur at the base of the heart and left sternal border. Right ventricular enlargement was found by physical examination, ECG, and chest roentgenogram. Cardiac catheterization showed ele...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.75.4.522
更新日期:1979-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resection of the tricuspid valve without prosthetic replacement has successfully been performed in patients with tricuspid valvular endocarditis. Using M-mode, two-dimensional, and Doppler echocardiograms, we studied four patients who underwent tricuspid valvectomy. All patients had previous history of intravenous dru...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.87.5.668
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied 15 nonsmoking, clinically stable asthmatic subjects aged 27 to 39 years to evaluate the potential cardiotoxic effects of combined use of a beta-adrenergic agonist drug and theophylline in the treatment of asthma. Subjects underwent a one-week washout period followed by two one-week periods of study receivin...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.90.1.45
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient is reported who had Histoplasma capsulatum endocarditis, a rare form of disseminated histoplasmosis. He also had disseminated intravascular coagulopathy and defects in cell-mediated immune responses to Histoplasma antigens. Prompt etiologic diagnosis was made by stain of tissue from a mouth ulcer and confirm...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1378/chest.78.5.791
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Imaging and Doppler echocardiography permits assessment of right ventricular size and systolic function and of pulmonary arterial pressures, and it may facilitate detection of thromboemboli within the heart or pulmonary artery. In patients with acute pulmonary embolism of sufficient severity to appreciably increase ri...
journal_title:Chest
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1378/chest.101.4_supplement.151s
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00