Abstract:
:In the initial seconds after a sudden reduction in coronary blood flow, a temporary mismatch between myocardial energy demand and supply exists. The mechanisms underlying the rapidly ensuing reduction in contractile function in the ischemic myocardium are still unknown. In the presence of some residual blood flow, a state of "perfusion-contraction matching" develops. The metabolic status of such hypoperfused myocardium improves, since myocardial lactate production is attenuated and creatine phosphate (CP), after an initial reduction, returns toward control values. The hypoperfused myocardium responds to inotropic stimulation by dobutamine. The recruitment of an inotropic reserve implies increased energy utilization. During inotropic stimulation, after partial normalization, lactate production is again increased, and CP is decreased again. Thus, a supply-demand imbalance that had been at least partially corrected by the ischemia-induced decrease in regional contractile function is precipitated again. A situation of chronic contractile failure in viable myocardium that normalizes upon reperfusion has been termed myocardial "hibernation." Myocardial "stunning" is characterized by a reversible postischemic contractile dysfunction despite full restoration of blood flow. The details of the underlying mechanisms are not clear. An inadequate energy supply and impaired sympathetic neurotransmission have been excluded. Potential mechanisms, which are not mutually exclusive, may include (a) damage of membranes by free radicals, (b) an increase in free cytosolic calcium during ischemia and reperfusion, and (c) a decrease in the calcium sensitivity of the myofibrils. The equally pronounced increases in regional contractility in normal and "stunned" myocardium during postextrasystolic potentiation and the infusion of calcium or the calcium-sensitizing agent AR-L-57, however, suggest an unchanged calcium sensitivity of reperfused myocardium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
J Cardiovasc Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of cardiovascular pharmacologyauthors
Ehring T,Schulz R,Heusch Gsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-01-01 00:00:00pages
S25-33eissn
0160-2446issn
1533-4023journal_volume
20 Suppl 5pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::We investigated the effects of aranidipine, a dihydropyridine-type Ca2+ channel blocker, on contractile responses to KCl and spontaneous contractions in isolated rat portal veins in comparison with those of the Ca2+ channel blockers, nifedipine, nicardipine, nitrendipine, diltiazem, and verapamil, and of the K+ channe...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199702000-00009
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coronary artery disease is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in Western countries. Its pathogenesis is unknown but involves an enhanced vasoconstriction and increased interaction of platelets and monocytes with the vessel wall, as well as proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix formation o...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular medicine is based on high-technology management of end-stage disease. Preventive medicine is preferable but, before magnetic resonance (MR), there was no noninvasive, safe, repeatable method of detecting occlusive vascular disease, which accounts for more deaths than any other disease at a presymptomati...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inhibition of plasma angiotensin II generation does not fully explain the chronic hypotensive effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Therefore, the pattern of tissue ACE inhibition in rats was studied after oral administration of perindopril, a new ACE inhibitor. Tissue ACE was measured by quantita...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198812000-00013
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antihypertensive effect of the combination of ketanserin, a new antiserotonergic agent, and thiazide has been evaluated in 35 patients with arterial hypertension of mild to moderate degree in the greater than 50-year-old age group. Twenty patients were given ketanserin (20 mg) + hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg) (treatm...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is increasing interest in initial therapy of hypertension with sympatholytic agents and the influence of antihypertensive therapy on cardiac and renal function. We treated 26 men with essential hypertension with either guanabenz alone (n = 14) or propranolol alone (n = 12) and assessed blood pressure and renal p...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bucindolol is a nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist that has additional vasodilating properties. Because some beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists such as cyanopindolol are used as 5-HT1A/5-HT1B receptor antagonists, we tested the hypothesis that bucindolol can interact with 5-HT receptors. Both in vitro ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-200001000-00004
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is accompanied by an increased risk for thromboembolic events in most affected patients. Current guidelines therefore recommend antithrombotic therapy with vitamin K antagonist (VKA) or non VKA oral anticoagulant (NOAC) in the majority of AF patients. Current AF treatment guidelines recommend ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/FJC.0000000000000297
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have recently shown that endothelin-1 (ET-1) activates two types of Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channels (designated NSCC-1 and NSCC-2) and store-operated Ca2+ channel (SOCC). These channels can be pharmacologically discriminated using 1-[beta-[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy]-4-methoxyphenethyl]-1-H-imidazoe l h...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-200036051-00034
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Qian Yang He Ji (QYHJ) is a traditional Chinese medicine composed of Digitalis purpurea, Uncaria gambir, Fructus tribuli terrestris, and Ligustrum lucidum. Here, we explored whether combining an antihypertensive angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) therapy with QYHJ can improve the arterial functionality of hypertens...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/FJC.0b013e31827afddf
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using cardiac microdialysis, we studied release of the adenine nucleotide breakdown products (ANBP) adenosine (ADS), inosine (INS), and hypoxanthine (HYP) into the interstitium of canine myocardium during 20- and 40-min occlusion of the anterior descending coronary artery and reperfusion. Dialysate ANBP concentrations...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199212000-00017
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiologic studies of recent years have demonstrated an association between low plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and the development of atherosclerosis. The PROCAM (Prospective Cardiovascular Münster) study has identified HDL cholesterol as the single parameter predictor with the highest pot...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart failure is unique among the major cardiovascular disorders in that it alone is increasing in prevalence while there has been a striking decrease in other conditions. Some of this can be attributed to the aging of the U.S. and European populations. The ability to salvage patients with myocardial damage is also a ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-200111002-00015
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A subset of essential hypertensives sensitive to salt and having normal or high renin levels are termed nonmodulators. These subjects fail to modulate their renal blood flow and aldosterone responsiveness when dietary sodium is changed. We have found that a positive family history of hypertension in a first degree rel...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. This study investigated whether the proteasome inhibitor has the same preventive effect on the formation of accelerated atherosclerosis in rabbits with uremia compared with a NF-kappaB inhibitor. New Zealand white rabbits were subjected to five-...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FJC.0b013e3181c87f8e
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sotalol is a beta-blocker with class III antiarrhythmic properties that has recently been used in children for the treatment of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. However, little is known about its electrophysiologic effects on the immature heart. Using intracardiac electrocardiographic recordings and stimu...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199201000-00019
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied 12 patients receiving either chronic oral (p.o.) maintenance bretylium and/or acute intravenous (i.v.) bretylium to evaluate drug efficacy and pharmacokinetics. All patients were survivors of ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. A new assay for bretylium was applied, and it proved sensitive and reliable...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198105000-00008
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies in which an isolated heart or in situ constant pressure preparation was used suggested a minimal role for adenosine in autoregulatory control of coronary circulation. These results, however, are controversial, and the role of adenosine in autoregulation of flow in heart is uncertain. To test the hypot...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199409000-00012
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The actions of SK&F 94120, a selective phosphodiesterase (PDE III) inhibitor, have been characterised on human ventricular myocardium obtained from heart failure patients. Some actions have been compared directly with those of the drug on guinea pig and cat ventricular myocardium. SK&F 94120 caused positive inotropic ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198706000-00013
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effects of prolonged oral administration of oxprenolol (twice daily for 6 weeks) to male Sprague-Dawley rats. At two times (1 or 16-18 h) after the last oral dose, the rats were anaesthetised and subjected to acute coronary artery ligation, and the severity of the resulting arrhythmias was assessed. Is...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198405000-00001
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelins (ETs) are a family of peptide hormones that act on G protein-coupled ET(A) and ET(B) receptors. ETs exert inotropic and chronotropic actions in the heart. Myocardial ischemia is associated with increased plasma levels of ET and cell swelling. We examined the effect of ETs on dog atrial swelling-induced chl...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-200005000-00014
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac electrophysiologic effects of PK 10139 (PK), a new quinoleic antiarrhythmic agent, were compared with those of quinidine sulphate (Q) after three cumulative intravenous doses of 0.75, 1.5, and 3 mg/kg of PK and 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg of Q in anesthetized dogs. A control group of animals received saline solution o...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198501000-00004
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An attempt was made to study possible interaction between neuromodulation by adenosine and nicotine stimulatory effects. Dose-effect curves were made double blind in 7 nonsmoking, nonsnuffing healthy volunteers (25-49 years) before and during exposition to nicotine roughly corresponding to the nicotine of one cigarett...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199012000-00015
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The short half-life, low plasma concentrations, and extensive biotransformation of prazosin suggest that it might be subject to extensive first-pass metabolism. Bioavailability, disposition, and hepatic extraction were studied in the dog. In conscious dogs whole blood prazosin concentrations were measured after oral a...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-197911000-00005
更新日期:1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The "Oxford" system for continuous monitoring of the ambulatory blood pressure was used to assess the changes in blood pressure following therapy with the calcium ion antagonists verapamil and nifedipine in two separate groups of patients. In the first group 16 patients were studied on both no therapy and following a ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To establish a model of hypertension in marmosets, increasing doses of the immune-modulator cyclosporin (from 3 to 30 mg/kg/day) were given orally to marmosets for 31 days. Cyclosporin consistently induced hypertension with doses greater than or equal to 10 mg/kg/day. Time course and level of hypertension reached were...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acute effects of daunomycin on the mechanical and energetic outputs of rabbit papillary muscles have been examined at 27 degrees C using a myothermic technique. Contrary to expectations, daunomycin, in concentrations ranging from 10 to 160 micrograms/ml, acted as a positive inotropic agent in terms of peak stress ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198505000-00023
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelin-1 reduces the chronotropic and inotropic effects of the beta-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol in rabbit isolated atria. Vascular interactions between endothelin-1 and isoproterenol have not been reported. Rings of the rabbit aorta without endothelium were mounted on myographs to measure isometric tension....
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-200310000-00012
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Felodipine, a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, was used to treat eight patients with severe uncontrolled hypertension: five had essential hypertension, two had renovascular disease, and one chronic pyelonephritis. Mean blood pressure (BP) was 221 +/- 14/120 +/- 4 mm Hg despite treatment with three or more antihyper...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199015004-00032
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pathogenic mechanism of nicotine, a major product of smoking, on vascular endothelial cells is not well defined yet. The purpose of this study was to determine whether chronic exposure to nicotine alters angiogenic activity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and to identify a potential role for endothelial ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FJC.0b013e318206b5d9
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00