Tick-borne encephalitis--pathogenesis, clinical course and long-term follow-up.

Abstract:

:The prospective studies available today confirm the experience gained from several retrospective studies that TBE is a disease with a severe acute clinical course and considerable long-term morbidity. A defined post-encephalitic TBE syndrome exists, causing long-lasting morbidity that often affects the quality of life and sometimes also forces the individual to a change in life-style. The sequelae render high costs for individual patients and the society. Three clinical courses may be identified: one with complete recovery within 2 months, occurring in approximately one fourth of patients, one with protracted, mainly cognitive dysfunction, and one with persisting spinal nerve paralysis with or without other post-encephalitic symptoms. Up to 46% of patients are left with permanent sequelae at long-time follow-up, the most commonly reported residuals being various cognitive or neuropsychiatric complaints, balance disorders, headache, dysphasia, hearing defects, and spinal paralysis. This knowledge enhances the need for continued local epidemiological surveillance of TBE to form a basis for vaccination policies. Even though knowledge of the clinical course of TBE has improved in recent years, there are still several aspects of this disease that warrant further studies. These comprise the clinical picture and prognosis in children, an evaluation of different rehabilitation strategies, and an improved understanding of pathogenic mechanisms to permit the development of antiviral or, maybe more probable, immune modulatory treatment strategies.

journal_name

Vaccine

journal_title

Vaccine

authors

Haglund M,Günther G

doi

10.1016/s0264-410x(02)00811-3

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2003-04-01 00:00:00

pages

S11-8

eissn

0264-410X

issn

1873-2518

pii

S0264410X02008113

journal_volume

21 Suppl 1

pub_type

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