Abstract：
:HIV-1 protease inhibitors have contributed significantly to the reduction in morbidity and mortality associated with HIV-1 disease. Some of their clinical benefit may be attributed to inhibition of non-viral pathogen proteases and mammalian proteases involved in apoptosis. Our objective was to investigate the effect of HIV-1 protease inhibitors on two different mechanisms of apoptosis in cells not exposed to HIV-1. Modulation of apoptosis induced in U937 or Jurkat cells by CD95 (Fas-ligand) or TNF-alpha was measured using flow cytometry using the 7-AAD and annexin/propidium iodide methods. - HIV-1 protease inhibitors reduced TNF-alpha mediated cell death in a dose-dependent manner, with a maximum inhibition ranging between 38% and 60% observed for 100 microM indinavir. Saquinavir and ritonavir, but not nelfinavir also inhibited TNF-alpha induced cell death. Nevirapine (an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor) showed no effect. The TNF-alpha activity was also inhibited by the caspase inhibitors Z-VAD-fmk at concentrations of 10 microM or less, and by DEVD-cmk. In contrast, HIV-1 protease inhibitors did not affect CD95 induced apoptosis in Jurkat cells at any of the concentrations tested. Our findings indicate that HIV-1 protease inhibitors may act on mammalian proteases involved in the regulation of apoptosis; whether this is relevant in the clinical setting remains to be established. Identification of the pathways involved may lead to a better understanding of the clinical impact of this drug class and their role in HAART associated toxicities.
journal_name
Eur J Med Resjournal_title
European journal of medical researchauthors
Wolf T,Findhammer S,Nolte B,Helm EB,Brodt HRsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-01-28 00:00:00pages
17-24issue
1eissn
0949-2321issn
2047-783Xjournal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after liver and kidney transplantation has high mortality and causes diagnostic challenges. This study aims to describe the cytokine and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) profile in the GVHD after liver and kidney transplantation. METHODS:A high-throughput detection kit was appl...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s40001-016-0232-y
更新日期：2016-10-12 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Systemic treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) includes a variety of antineoplastic drugs. However, drug-resistance interferes with the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Preclinical testing models are needed in order to develop approaches to overcome chemoresistance. - METHODS:Ten human ce...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/2047-783x-15-8-337
更新日期：2010-08-20 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:Antiseptics are commonly used in clinical practice to disinfect tissue and to avoid infections. However, topical antiseptics are assumed to have an influence on skin microcirculation, per se. Thus, the aim of the study was to analyse the influence of topically applied antiseptics on the microcirculation of intact s...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-09-29 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To report on radiological and epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary disease in patients with HIV infection in times of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). METHODS:Clinical data of 130 HIV infected adults with acute pulmonary symptoms were compared with findings in chest radiography (n = 130)...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-08-16 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:This study assessed the prevalence of substance use among Iranian patients with cardiovascular disease who were admitted in different cardiac wards at Shiraz general hospitals. DESIGN:Cross-sectional survey using structured interview and also using DSM-IV criteria for substance dependency. SETTING:General hospit...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-02-21 00:00:00
abstract：:In the absence of thromboprophylaxis, venous thromboembolism (VTE) affects about 50 to 80% of the patients after total hip replacement (THR), total knee replacement (TKR), or hip fracture surgery. Since stratification of patients in those who will become symptomatic and those who will not, is not possible, primary hig...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2004-03-30 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Drug-eluting stents (DES) compared to bare metal stents (BMS) have shown superior clinical performance, but are considered less suitable in complex cases. Most studies do not distinguish between DES and BMS with respect to their mechanical performance. The objective was to obtain mechanical parameters for di...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s40001-017-0300-y
更新日期：2018-01-08 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:In elderly patients with esophageal cancer (EC), esophagectomy is associated with an increased mortality, and therefore these patients are often treated with definite (chemo)radiation. The purpose of this study was to assess the toxicity and efficiency of definite radio(chemo)therapy in patients >75 years compa...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s40001-017-0265-x
更新日期：2017-07-06 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Dopamine agonists (DA) are the first-choice drug for treatment of the early stage of Parkinson's disease (PD) in subjects younger than 70 years. Recently, a number of third generation DA have been marketed, including transdermal patch of rotigotine and extended release oral formulation of ropinirole and pram...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/2047-783X-18-60
更新日期：2013-12-21 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Evaluation of MR-guided interstitial laser thermotherapy (ILT) of colorectal liver metastases under consideration of efficacy, safety and patient survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Sixty-six inoperable patients with a total of 117 colorectal liver metastases were treated with MR-guided laser therapy in 96 session...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-04-26 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Identification of specific origin of lipid accumulation in the liver of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most important step in preventing this condition. Because liver steatosis, in the obese patients without any systemic disease, can be graded easily by ultrasonography (US), we...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-02-26 00:00:00
abstract：:The 825T-allele of the C825T polymorphism in GNB3, the gene for the G protein beta3 subunit, has been reported to be associated with essential hypertension and obesity. Expression of Gbeta3s, the gene product of GNB3 associated with the GNB3 825T-allele, causes increased signal transduction which may contribute to pat...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-03-27 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Melasma is a common hypermelanosis of the face. The use of a classical Q-switched ruby laser (QSRL) to treat melasma is discussed controversially and is associated with frequent adverse effects, such as hyper- or hypopigmentation. Recently a fractional-mode (FRx) QSRL was developed to minimize the adverse ef...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/2047-783X-18-43
更新日期：2013-11-14 00:00:00
abstract：:In the treatment of pulmonary diseases the inhalation of aerosols plays a key role - it is the preferred route of drug delivery in asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis. But, in contrast to oral and intravenous administration drug delivery to the lungs is controlled by additional par...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1186/2047-783x-14-s4-71
更新日期：2009-12-07 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The pathogenesis of central retinal artery occlusions (CRAO) varies, depending upon the underlying disease. An embolic origin of an occlusion often occurs. PATIENT AND METHODS:A 50-year-old man with an occlusion of the left internal carotid artery was examined because of a left central retinal artery occlus...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-04-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the study was to investigate whether cholecystokinin, neurotensin, and cholinergic mechanisms act as mediators of bile salt-stimulated exocrine pancreatic secretion. Ten fasting healthy subjects provided with a double-lumen tube received 2, 4, and 6 g cattle bile and 200, 400, and 600 mg Na-taurodeoxycholat...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of heparin on Polymorphonuclear (PMN s) leukocytes was investigated using a new whole-blood cytofluorometric method (patent granted for the test with the number P 4334935.8-41) with Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus as test microorganisms. After comparing the effect of equal volumes of two widel...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-12-31 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The influence of cytomechanical forces in cellular migration, proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is still poorly understood in detail. METHODS:Human MSCs were isolated and cultivated onto the surface of a 3 x 3 mm porcine collagen I / III carrier. After incubation, cell cultur...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/2047-783x-15-1-35
更新日期：2010-01-29 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:miRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNA molecules that play an important role in the pathogenesis of human diseases through negative regulation of gene expression. Although miRNA-10b (miR-10b) has been implicated in other tumors, its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still unknown. The aim of ...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/2047-783X-18-41
更新日期：2013-11-12 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Relatively large calcific tendinitis with persistent symptoms after extended periods of conservative treatment is an indication for operative therapy. Arthroscopy, as a treatment for calcific tendinitis of the hip abductors and calcinosis circumscripta, has been described previously; however, to our knowledg...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/2047-783X-18-49
更新日期：2013-11-23 00:00:00
abstract：:So far, neither treatment with standard unfractionated heparin (UFH) nor with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) has been shown to reduce mortality or to improve neurological outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Although a reduction of early recurrent stroke has been demonstrated for the use of subcutaneou...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2004-04-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Unilateral papillitis caused by Treponema pallidum was found in an immunocompetent homosexual patient with severe vision loss who had received previous antibiotics treatment. Syphilis-related ocular manifestation is more common in the early stages of the disease and it can be associated with a central nervous system l...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/2047-783X-17-3
更新日期：2012-02-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Infectious diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the year 2000. 17 million deaths per year or roughly a third of all deaths are caused by infections. Infectious diseases also pose a serious economic threat. While many well-established pathogens have not been contained several new infectious agent...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 总体
doi：
更新日期：2000-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this report is to document a case of unsuspected ameloblastoma involving the right man dibular subpontic region in a 38-year-old Cambodian female patient. This lesion was purportedly preceded by multiple radiolucencies which were diagnosed as radicular cysts and treated a few times in the past years by ...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/2047-783x-15-3-135
更新日期：2010-03-30 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Serotonin (5-HT) and its receptors are present in central, the brain stem, and peripheral, the carotid body, tissues controlling the ventilatory responses to hypoxia. The exact action of serotonin and its nature are, however, unsettled. We hypothesized that the discrepant results on the ventilatory action of...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/2047-783x-15-s2-128
更新日期：2010-11-04 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:International guidelines for the treatment of HIV-1 infected children recommend efavirenz plus nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor combination therapy for first line therapy. Until now little is known about the steady state pharmacokinetics of efavirenz in children. METHODS:11 HIV-1 infected children...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-09-29 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The literature did not show clearly if a correlation between trunk and facial asymmetry exists. The aim of this study was to verify the association between trunk and facial asymmetries, and trunk and facial sagittal configuration in adolescents. METHODS:This is a cross-sectional screening study. It was carr...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s40001-017-0280-y
更新日期：2017-09-29 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Prostate cancer (PCa) originating from the prostate base may intrude into the urinary bladder and may be misdiagnosed as bladder cancer. In this retrospective study, we reviewed the clinic data on PCa cases which were initially misdiagnosed as bladder cancer in order to identify diagnostic methods that would...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/2047-783X-18-36
更新日期：2013-10-03 00:00:00
abstract：:A fifty-year-old female presented with a one month history of progressive dyspnea, productive cough, pain of elbows and knees, and 40°C fever despite antibiotic treatment. She has been diagnosed of bronchial asthma over 25 years before admission and oral and depot glucocorticosteroids as a long-term therapy was applie...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/2047-783x-15-s2-92
更新日期：2010-11-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Drug development in the field of HIV treatment is rapid. New nucleoside analogues (NRTI), non-nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI), and protease inhibitors (PI) are currently being investigated in human trials. Furthermore, inhibitors of HIV attachment, fusion and integrase with novel modes of ...
journal_title：European journal of medical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2007-10-15 00:00:00
