Tests for individual and population bioequivalence based on generalized p-values.

abstract：:The National Children's Study is a national household probability sample designed to identify 100,000 children at birth and follow the sampled children for 21 years. Data from the study will support examining numerous hypotheses concerning genetic and environmental effects on the health and development of children. Th...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Montaquila JM,Brick JM,Curtin LR

更新日期：2010-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:It is unclear to what extent the incremental predictive performance of a novel biomarker is impacted by the method used to control for standard predictors. We investigated whether adding a biomarker to a model with a published risk score overestimates its incremental performance as compared to adding it to a multivari...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Xanthakis V,Sullivan LM,Vasan RS,Benjamin EJ,Massaro JM,D'Agostino RB Sr,Pencina MJ

更新日期：2014-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper presents a simple method for estimation of population vaccination effectiveness, which is the fraction of disease cases prevented by a vaccination programme. The method is based on the susceptible-infectious-recovered (SIR) model for the spread of an epidemic in a heterogeneous population under non-homogene...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Haber M

更新日期：1997-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:A Non-Parametric Maximum Likelihood approach to the estimation of relative risks in the context of disease mapping is discussed and a NPML approximation to conditional autoregressive models is proposed. NPML estimates have been compared to other proposed solutions (Maximum Likelihood via Monte Carlo Scoring, Hierarchi...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Biggeri A,Marchi M,Lagazio C,Martuzzi M,Böhning D

更新日期：2000-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We have used Monte Carlo methods to compare the type I error properties of the conditional and unconditional versions of the generalized t and the generalized rank-sum tests to those of the independent samples t and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Results showed inflated type I errors for the conditional generalized tests bu...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Blair RC,Morel JG

更新日期：1992-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:We propose a two-step procedure to personalize drug dosage over time under the framework of a log-linear mixed-effect model. We model patients' heterogeneity using subject-specific random effects, which are treated as the realizations of an unspecified stochastic process. We extend the conditional quadratic inference ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Zhu X,Qu A

更新日期：2016-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The serial dilution assay (for example, an in vitro antimicrobic susceptibility test or a serum antibody titer assay) is an important technique in biomedical research. The structure of the experiment forces grouping of the threshold concentrations into intervals. Statistical methods to analyse threshold concentrations...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Hamilton MA,Rinaldi MG

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In contrast to other models for ordinal data, the continuation ratio model can be fitted with standard statistical software. This makes it particularly appropriate for large clinical trials with ordinal response variables. In addition, when the trials are longitudinal, this model can be applied to individual responses...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Lindsey JK,Jones B,Ebbutt AF

更新日期：1997-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Patient compliance (adherence) with prescribed medication is often erratic, while clinical outcomes are causally linked to actual, rather than nominal medication dosage. We propose here a hierarchical Markov model for patient compliance. At the first stage, conditional upon individual random effects and a set of indiv...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Girard P,Blaschke TF,Kastrissios H,Sheiner LB

更新日期：1998-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Dependence between observations on a dichotomous variable renders invalid the usual chi-square tests of independence and inflates the variances of parameter estimates. Such a situation occurs, for example, when subjects consist of members of the same family or with repeated observations on the same person. In this pap...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Donald A,Donner A

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Composite endpoints are frequently used in clinical trials, but simple approaches, such as the time to first event, do not reflect any ordering among the endpoints. However, some endpoints, such as mortality, are worse than others. A variety of procedures have been proposed to reflect the severity of the individual en...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Follmann D,Fay MP,Hamasaki T,Evans S

更新日期：2020-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:In a cluster randomized cross-over trial, all participating clusters receive both intervention and control treatments consecutively, in separate time periods. Patients recruited by each cluster within the same time period receive the same intervention, and randomization determines order of treatment within a cluster. ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Turner RM,White IR,Croudace T,PIP Study Group.

更新日期：2007-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis are among the most common infectious diseases in the United States, disproportionately affecting young women. Because a significant portion of the infections present no symptoms, infection control relies...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Li Z,Liu H,Tu W

更新日期：2015-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper investigates the Bayesian procedures for comparing proportions. These procedures are especially suitable for accepting (or rejecting) the equivalence of two population proportions. Furthermore the Bayesian predictive probabilities provide a natural and flexible tool in monitoring trials, especially for choo...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Lecoutre B,Derzko G,Grouin JM

更新日期：1995-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A relationship between baseline risk and treatment effect is increasingly investigated as a possible explanation of between-study heterogeneity in clinical trial meta-analysis. An approach that is still often applied in the medical literature is to plot the estimated treatment effects against the estimated measures of...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Arends LR,Hoes AW,Lubsen J,Grobbee DE,Stijnen T

更新日期：2000-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:To study the effect of a mega hydropower dam in southwest Ethiopia on malaria incidence, we have set up a longitudinal study. To gain insight in temporal and spatial aspects, that is, in time (period  =  year-season combination) and location (village), we need models that account for these effects. The frailty model w...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Getachew Y,Janssen P,Yewhalaw D,Speybroeck N,Duchateau L

更新日期：2013-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:I derive the locally most powerful rank tests for acceleration against semi-parametric alternatives when some patients are cured of the disease. I consider some particular classes of alternatives and present simulation results to verify the validity of the proposed tests. Real data from clinical trials for childhood l...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Lee JW

更新日期：1995-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We consider several sources of heterogeneity in a clinical trial with patients' survival time as the main response criterion: differences in prognosis which can be attributed to a latent or ignored prognostic factor; differences in treatment efficacy in subgroups of patients, and differences in treatment combinations ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Schumacher M,Olschewski M,Schmoor C

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The usual methods for analyzing case-cohort studies rely on sometimes not fully efficient weighted estimators. Multiple imputation might be a good alternative because it uses all the data available and approximates the maximum partial likelihood estimator. This method is based on the generation of several plausible co...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Marti H,Chavance M

更新日期：2011-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The goal of phase I cancer trials is to determine the highest dose of a treatment regimen with an acceptable toxicity rate. Traditional designs for phase I trials, such as the Continual Reassessment Method (CRM) and the 3 + 3 design, require each patient or a cohort of patients to be fully evaluated for the dose-limit...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Polley MY

更新日期：2011-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The focus of this paper is the development of a range of cluster detection diagnostics that can be used to assess the degree to which a clustering method recovers the true clustering behaviour of small area data. The diagnostics proposed range from individual region specific diagnostics to neighbourhood diagnostics, a...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Hossain MM,Lawson AB

更新日期：2006-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Novel methodology is implemented to assess the predictive power of covariate information associated with sequential binary events. Logistic models are first fitted on the basis of a subset of the observations and then evaluated sequentially on the rest. The probabilistic forecasts are compared to the outcomes via a sc...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Seillier-Moiseiwitsch F

更新日期：1996-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Antimicrobial resistance has become one of the main public health burdens of the last decades, and monitoring the development and spread of non-wild-type isolates has therefore gained increased interest. Monitoring is performed based on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values, which are collected through the...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Jaspers S,Aerts M,Verbeke G,Beloeil PA

更新日期：2014-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The incremental life expectancy, defined as the difference in mean survival times between two treatment groups, is a crucial quantity of interest in cost-effectiveness analyses. Usually, this quantity is very difficult to estimate from censored survival data with a limited follow-up period. The paper develops estimati...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Titman AC

更新日期：2016-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:For each of 211 arteriosclerosis obliterans patients, the degree of stenosis of arteries at four sites were examined at Hiroshima University Hospital to analyse the relationship between the degree of stenosis and age, sex and site. The generalized estimating equations using a proportional odds model for the stenosis p...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Nakashima E,Tsuji S,Fukuoka H,Ohtaki M,Ito K

更新日期：2003-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Confounding is a major concern in observational studies. To adjust for confounding bias, the potential confounder(s) for a study must first be identified and measured. But this is not always possible. The unmeasured factors may also exhibit effect modification, and this further complicates the situation. In this paper...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Lee WC

更新日期：2011-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:We explore the 'reassessment' design in a logistic regression setting, where a second wave of sampling is applied to recover a portion of the missing data on a binary exposure and/or outcome variable. We construct a joint likelihood function based on the original model of interest and a model for the missing data mech...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Lin J,Lyles RH

更新日期：2015-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Ordinal data appear in a wide variety of scientific fields. These data are often analyzed using ordinal logistic regression models that assume proportional odds. When this assumption is not met, it may be possible to capture the lack of proportionality using a constrained structural relationship between the odds and t...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Capuano AW,Dawson JD

更新日期：2013-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Screening and diagnostic tests are important in disease prevention or control. The predictive values of positive and negative (PPV and NPV) test results are two of four operational characteristics of a screening test. We review an existing method based on the generalized estimating equation (GEE) methodology for compa...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Wang W,Davis CS,Soong SJ

更新日期：2006-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors measure the efficacy of three methods for predicting the time to infection for susceptible individuals in a population undergoing an HIV epidemic. The methods differ in whether they require detailed information of the contact network and whether they require knowledge of the initial source of infection. Ef...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Altmann M,Wee BC,Willard K,Peterson D,Gatewood LC

更新日期：1994-01-15 00:00:00