Abstract:
:The metabolic and body weight changes in two non-pregnant beef cows were studied during prolonged exposure to warm (20 +/- 3 degrees C, relative humidity 50-70%) and cold (-10 +/- 2 or -25 +/- 4 degrees C) temperatures. Other factors including daily food intake were held constant throughout each 8-week exposure. During cold exposures, metabolic rate, blood hematocrit, and plasma concentrations of glucose and free fatty acid were elevated and respiratory frequencies and skin temperatures decreased. Resting metabolic rates measured at 20 degrees C, i.e., without the direct influence of cold, were 83.4-95.3 litres 02 per hour when the cows were cold acclimated, at either -10 or -25 degrees C, and 30-40% greater than when the cows were warm acclimated. The resting metabolic response and the concomitant reduction in intensity of shivering is indicative of metabolic acclimation to cold in these animals of greater than 500 kg body weight. As well as the expected changes in body weight with changes in energy metabolism there were losses in weight (13-24 kg) during the first 3 days of each cold exposure. Weight gains occurred when the cold stress was abruptly removed. These short term weight changes were associated with changes in water intake and apparent shifts in body fluid content.
journal_name
Can J Physiol Pharmacoljournal_title
Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacologyauthors
Young BAdoi
10.1139/y75-129subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1975-10-01 00:00:00pages
947-53issue
5eissn
0008-4212issn
1205-7541journal_volume
53pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Visual acuity was measured behaviorally in various groups of cats by using a two-choice discrimination procedure. Cats in group 1 were rendered strabismic soon after birth by sectioning the tendon of the lateral rectus muscle (unilateral esotropia); at adulthood, their visual acuity (VA) was evaluated, after which the...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y95-195
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The response pattern of the isolated longitudinal muscle of the rabbit ileum to adenosine-5'-alpha, beta-methylenediphosphonate (APCP) was found to differ from that caused by adenosine or ATP in that the rapid initial phase of relaxation is absent and that at doses above 10 muM a secondary increase of contractile acti...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y76-087
更新日期:1976-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The force generated by tracheal spirals and lung parenchymal strips from normal and ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs was measured in vitro, after challenge with histamine, carbachol, leukotriene (LT) C4, LTD4, or a prostaglandin endoperoxide analog (U-44069). The responses and sensitivity of airway tissues to the abov...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y83-133
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Caffeine has been reported to have a positive and (or) a negative inotropic effect on cardiac muscle. In this study, the force-frequency and postrest characteristics of rat atrium were studied in the presence of caffeine (1.0-10 mM) to see if the interval between beats affected the response of cardiac muscle to caffei...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y92-034
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isoprenaline and forskolin both inhibit contractions induced by antigen or by the calcium ionophore A23187 of guinea pig tracheal spirals and parenchymal strips. Antigen-induced airway contraction is considerably more sensitive to the inhibitory effects of isoprenaline than is A23187-induced contraction. In contrast, ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y83-089
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using immunofluorescence and real 3-D confocal microscopy, our results showed the presence of ET-1, ETA, and ETB receptors in isolated human aortic vascular endothelial cells (hVECs). The level of the peptide and its receptors was significantly higher in the nucleus (including the nuclear envelope membranes) than in t...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/Y10-057
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of localized distension of the pulmonary vein - left atrial junctions on plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) have been examined in chloralose anaesthetized dogs. Pulmonary vein distension caused an increase in heart rate and a decrease in plasma AVP concentration. Cooling the vagosympathetic nerves to 10 deg...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y83-136
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the effects of chronic hyperinsulinemia on glucagon release, rats were made hyperinsulinemic for 14 days by supplementation of drinking water with sucrose (10%; sucrose-fed) to increase endogenous release or by implantation of osmotic minipumps (subcutaneous, s.c.; or intraperitoneal, i.p.) to deliver exo...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y91-066
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lectins, known to recognize endothelial cell adhesion molecules, have been shown to release endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) from blood vessels. We investigated the effects of different leukocyte-type cells to determine if these cells, by interacting with the endothelium, could release EDRF from the circumfl...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y95-052
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The synthesis, receptor binding, and agonist activity of a series of truncated atrial natriuretic analogs (ANF) are described. These analogs incorporate two portions of the native 28 amino peptide, the eight amino acids C-terminal to Cys7, and two amino acids from the C-terminus (phenylalanine and arginine), into disu...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y91-240
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heme plays a critical role in blood pressure regulation because it is required by a number of enzymes that synthesize vascular modulators, including nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP), endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF), and prostacyclin. The goal of thi...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y08-064
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously demonstrated a 40% increase in myocardial blood flow (MBF) during hypercapnia but no significant decrease of MBF during hypocapnia. The present study was undertaken to evaluate if epinephrine infusion, which increases both myocardial oxygen consumption (MVo2) and myocardial performance, might influe...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y86-006
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous reports demonstrated that cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, affected cellular electrophysiology and reduced episodes of ventricular fibrillation (VF) in patients with Brugada syndrome. However, its effects on VF induction and defibrillation efficacy have never been investigated. We tested the hypot...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y09-127
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been proposed that the adult castrated male rat may be used as a model of human postmenopausal osteoporosis. If such a model is valid then the total body calcium of castrated rats should progressively decrease compared with normal rats. To search for this age-related difference, it will be necessary to use a me...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y85-207
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a spectrum of chronic liver conditions that are characterized by steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and liver injury. The global prevalence of NAFLD is rapidly increasing in proportion to the rising incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Because NAFLD is a multifaceted di...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2016-0681
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis together with vagally mediated peristaltic contractions are essential if mucosal injury is to occur in the stomach of indomethacin-treated rats. The neomycin group of antibiotics has been shown to interfere with acetylcholine release. Agents blocking peristalsis have been demonstr...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y89-162
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have demonstrated that abdominal irradiation alters intestinal uptake of nutrients. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an orally administered synthetic prostaglandin E2, enprostil, given on three occasions shortly prior to a single exposure to 600 cGy external abdominal irradiati...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y89-215
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Altered sympathetic nervous activity has been linked to the development and persistence of obesity, partly relating to overfeeding. Binding of the selective, positron-emitting phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor (R)-[11C]rolipram provides a direct index of the cAMP-hydrolyzing enzyme PDE4. This study examines progres...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y09-001
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ontogenic study of the hepatic biotransformation enzymes revealed the early development of both oxidative and conjugative enzymes in male chickens ranging in age from 3 to 12 weeks. Although the rate of microsomal cytochrome P450 reactions progressively increased during the first 9 weeks, it decreased thereafter. ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both surface pH (pHs) and intracellular pH (pHi) were measured using single- and double-barreled pH-sensitive microelectrodes in isolated sheep cardiac Purkinje strands, rabbit and cat papillary muscle, and mouse and rat soleus muscle. Superfusion of the preparations with a relatively low buffered solution (containing...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1139/y87-154
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the clinical efficacy of azithromycin, cefaclor, and amoxicillin in treatment of pediatric tonsillitis, a total of 256 children with Group A β-hemolytic streptococcus (GAS) tonsillitis were randomly divided into 3 groups. Only patients assessed with streptococcus-positive tonsillitis, considered to be comp...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2019-0087
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report reviews the research and mentoring career of Richard B. Stein (1940-). In 1962, he completed a B.S. degree in physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA, and thereafter an M.A. (1964), Ph.D. (1966), and postdoctoral training (1966-68) at the University of Oxford, UK. He subsequently assumed ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y04-063
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested the effects of inhibiting the carbonic anhydrase activity of rat soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles on the isometric contractile properties and the resistance to fatigue. SOL and EDL muscles from female rats were incubated in vitro in the presence of methazolamide, a specific inhibitor of carbonic ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y89-103
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the role of enteric opioid neurons in the spontaneous motility of the longitudinal muscle in the isolated puppy ileum. Regular fluctuations in tone that rose above and returned to the basal level occurred at an interval of 4.7 +/- 0.3 min. Naloxone (10(-8) and 10(-7) M) reduced the spontaneous tonic contrac...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y87-301
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The active form of vitamin D3, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25(OH)2D3 or calcitriol), is known to inhibit the proliferation and invasiveness of many types of cancer cells, including breast, colon, pancreatic, prostate, and liver cancer cells. These findings support the use of 1α,25(OH)2D3 for the treatment of these t...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2014-0452
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perfusion of isolated rat hearts with Na-free medium resulted in an immediate increase in contractile force followed by a decline and complete loss of contractile force within 25 s. The recovery of the contractile force upon reperfusion was only partial if the duration of Na-free perfusions was 10 min or longer. Ca bi...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y80-218
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purposes of this review were twofold: to apply modern physicochemical principles to explain changes in acid-base regulation and the control of ventilation in human pregnancy; and to demonstrate the value of pregnancy as a model for the study of endocrine effects on physiological control systems. Application of P.A...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1139/cjpp-76-9-815
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of isoproterenol on mean right and left atrial pressures (RAP, LAP) and dimensions (RAD, LAD), and plasma immunoreactive atrial natriuretic factor (IR-ANF) was investigated in anesthetized rabbits. Infusion of isoproterenol (10 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 for 10 min) significantly increased plasma IR-ANF and hear...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y91-069
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The metabolism of endogenous and exogenous diacylglycerol (DG) was studied in SM-3 cells derived from rabbit aortic smooth muscle to determine the biochemical step(s) responsible for degrading DG second messengers. Incubation of growth-arrested SM-3 cells with [3H]myristate for 2 h resulted in selective labelling of c...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was to investigate whether pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) can modify norepinephrine (NE) release in response to pancreatic nerve stimulation in anesthetized dogs. Plasma catecholamine concentrations in aortic and superior pancreaticoduodenal (SPD) venous blood were determi...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-76-7-8-788
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00