Expression of the C-C chemokine MIP-3 alpha/CCL20 in human epidermis with impaired permeability barrier function.

Abstract:

:External assault to the skin is followed by an epidermal response including synthesis of DNA, lipids, cytokines and migration of antigen presenting cells. MIP-3 alpha (CCL20, LARC, Exodus-1, Scya20) is a recently described C-C chemokine, predominantly expressed in extralymphoid tissue, which is known to direct migration of dendritic cell precursors and memory lymphocytes to sites of antigen invasion. We assessed the expression of MIP-3 alpha in human skin using semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In vivo, MIP-3 alpha mRNA was constitutively expressed at low levels in untreated human epidermis. After acute disruption of the epidermal permeability barrier MIP-3 alpha mRNA was upregulated in the epidermal fraction, whereas dermal MIP-3 alpha mRNA levels remained unchanged. In vitro, MIP-3 alpha was increased in cultured keratinocytes treated with IL-1 alpha and TNF-alpha and was present in immature and mature dendritic cells, THP-1 monocytic cells and activated T cells. Finally, skin biopsies from patients with psoriasis, contact dermatitis and mycosis fungoides showed abundant expression. In biopsies from atopic dermatitis and graft vs. host disease a weak signal was present, whereas no expression was found in scleroderma and toxic epidermal necrolysis. We conclude that regulation of MIP-3 alpha mRNA is part of the epidermal response to external assault. Its upregulation may represent a danger signal for increased immunosurveillance in barrier disrupted skin and inflammatory skin conditions with impaired barrier function to counteract potential antigen invasion.

journal_name

Exp Dermatol

journal_title

Experimental dermatology

authors

Schmuth M,Neyer S,Rainer C,Grassegger A,Fritsch P,Romani N,Heufler C

doi

10.1034/j.1600-0625.2002.110205.x

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2002-04-01 00:00:00

pages

135-42

issue

2

eissn

0906-6705

issn

1600-0625

pii

exd110205

journal_volume

11

pub_type

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