Abstract:
:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an RNA virus which is estimated to persistently infect about 170 million people worldwide. After acute infection, there is an initial period during which long-term outcome is decided. There is strong evidence that the cellular immune responses, involving both CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, are involved at this stage and it is their effectiveness which determines outcome. What is not understood is what determines their effectiveness. The most important component of this is likely to be some aspect of epitope selection, itself dictated by host MHC. Thus, to understand host immunity to HCV, we need to have a detailed understanding of the peptides involved in T lymphocyte responses. In this review, we discuss the peptide epitopes that have been identified so far, and their potential significance. We relate this to a scheme of host defence which may be useful for understanding natural and vaccine-induced immunity.
journal_name
Clin Exp Immunoljournal_title
Clinical and experimental immunologyauthors
Ward S,Lauer G,Isba R,Walker B,Klenerman Pdoi
10.1046/j.1365-2249.2002.01840.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-05-01 00:00:00pages
195-203issue
2eissn
0009-9104issn
1365-2249pii
1840journal_volume
128pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Heavy C3 glomerular deposits were observed in rabbits injected intravenously with C5 streptococcal vaccine. Immunoglobulin deposits appeared later in a few rabbits. Although some data favour the presence of circulating immune complexes during the course of this glomerulonephritis, no evidence for their initiating role...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclosporin (CsA) is widely used in the treatment of renal disease and transplantation, which are often complicated by alterations of lipid metabolism. Both chronic administration of CsA and hyperlipidaemia have been shown to evoke an early macrophage influx and have progressively led to glomerular and interstitial sc...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.1999.00965.x
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sera of patients with histologically proven carcinomata of the gastrointestinal tract were fractionated by gel filtration and the fractions assayed for the presence of free carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) binding immunoglobulins and CEA immune complexes by radioimmuno-double-diffusion, using 125I-CEA as a marker. I...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently we reported that monocyte phagocytosis and chemotaxis are impaired in X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA) and common variable immunodeficiency (CVI) patients. Few data exist on the in vivo expression of receptors for the constant region of immunoglobulin (IgG) (Fc gammaR) and complement receptors (CR) in these...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03512.x
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clustering activity for neutrophil granulocytes was generated in pooled normal human serum (NHS) by incubation of the serum with preformed IgG aggregates, but not in heat-treated NHS (56 degrees C, 30 min), indicating that the function was complement-dependent. Judging from results of experiments with complement-defic...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.1993.tb07972.x
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical investigations of recombinant human acid alpha-glucosidase for the treatment of Pompe disease often reveal the appearance of therapy-specific antibodies. These antibodies could potentially interfere with recombinant human acid alpha-glucosidase efficacy and induce immunological consequences. Several immunosup...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03602.x
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of administration of 0-2 mg of epinephrine (Parke-Davis) on circulatory lymphocytes was investigated in fifteen normal subjects. Blood samples were taken prior to, 10 and 20 min after, subcutaneous injections. Thymus-derived (T) cells were assayed by sheep red blood cell rosettes, bone marrow-derived (B) ce...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vivo studies in rats demonstrated that the binding of a highly cationic antigen (cationized human IgG, pI greater than 9.5) to glomerular polyanion could be significantly reduced by prior application of a small polycation, protamine sulfate. The degree of inhibition was dose dependent and the highest dose used, 4 m...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a sensitive IL-1-dependent T cell clone we estimated interleukin 1 (IL-1)-like activity in a variety of synovial fluids (SF). Although we demonstrate that SF contains potent inhibitors of endogenous and exogenous IL-1 we were able to estimate that samples from rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and other arthr...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about the ability of hepatitis C virus (HCV) to alter early innate immune responses in infected patients. Previous studies have shown that natural killer (NK) cells are functionally impaired after interaction of recombinant HCV glycoprotein E2 with the co-stimulatory CD81 molecule in vitro; however, th...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04431.x
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have reported recently that mouse liver NK cells and NK1 x 1+ T cells were activated by bacterial superantigens via the IL-12 production from Kupffer cells. In the present study, we examined the effect of staphyloccoccal enterotoxin A (SEA) on human T cells with NK cell markers, CD56 or CD57 (NK-type T cells). Afte...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.2002.01854.x
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes from unsensitized donors by fractions of T.b rhodesiense has been demonstrated in vitro. Both T and B cells were stimulated to differentiate into blast cells. Purified T cells failed to proliferate, but did so when mitomycin C-treated non-T cells were added. Non-T cell ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that develops as a result of the interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors. Although increasing evidence shows the importance of genes in determining the risk of RA, it is clear that environmental factors also have a vital role. Studies to da...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04263.x
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In patients with reactive arthritis (ReA)/undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy (uSpA), synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) show proliferation to bacterial antigens that trigger ReA, i.e. Chlamydia, Yersinia, Campylobactor, Shigella and Salmonella species. We have shown previously that SFMC proliferate significantl...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03362.x
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In susceptible mice, the heavy metal ion mercury is able to induce a strong immune activation, which resembles a T helper 2 (Th2) type of immune response and is characterized by a polyclonal B cell activation, formation of high levels of IgG1 and IgE antibodies, production of autoantibodies of different specificities ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.2001.01580.x
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:OTHER THEMES PUBLISHED IN THIS IMMUNOLOGY IN THE CLINIC REVIEW SERIES Allergy, Host Responses, Cancer, Type 1 diabetes and viruses, Metabolic diseases. SUMMARY:Initiation of a successful immune response requires a working set of sensors that detect any noxious agent within the cellular microenvironment and ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04534.x
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), CD25 expression is increased on circulating T cells. Although in animal experiments the role of CD4(+) CD25(+) T-regulatory-cells (T(reg)) in protection against autoimmunity is well established, the role of these cells in AAV is unknown. To investigate the hypothesis ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02731.x
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoreactivity to heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) has been implicated in the pathogenesis and regulation of chronic inflammation, especially in autoimmune diseases. In transplantation, there is a lack of information regarding the cytokine profile and specificity of cells that recognize self-Hsp60 as well as the kinetics...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03195.x
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-one patients with primary immunoglobulin deficiency were enrolled in a crossover study to test the efficacy and safety of Alphaglobin in comparison with the licensed preparations Sandoglobulin and Gamimune. There was no statistical difference in these parameters between Alphaglobin and Sandoglobulin/Gamimune. T...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.1995.tb03465.x
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute RSV infection in infancy may produce some asthma-like symptoms and may be followed by a recurrent wheeze later in childhood. It has been proposed that RSV infection stimulates type-2 cytokine responses, resembling those found in atopy and asthma. Peripheral blood cells were obtained from RSV-infected infants (n ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2249.2000.01297.x
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that male mice of strains with high target organ responsiveness to androgen, the C57L/J and RF/J, have lower plasma immunoglobulin levels and weaker antibody responses to protein and polysaccharide antigens than mice of low androgen responder (LAR) strains, the A/J and 129/J. In the current...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Circulating immune complexes were repeatedly searched for using the C1q-binding assay and the Raji cell test in Lewis and BN rats immunized with the Fx1A fraction from convoluted proximal tubule or with kidney homogenate, mixed with various adjuvants. An autoimmune glomerulonephritis was easily induced in Lewis rats. ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Silicosis is a chronic progressive granulomatous and fibrotic lung disease caused by inhaled silica. Although the causative agent is known, the pathogenesis, especially the immunologic response, is not well understood. We examined two important components of cell-mediated immune responses in the lungs of rats with sil...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anti-endothelial cell antibodies (AECA) have been frequently detected in systemic vasculitis, which affects blood vessels of various sizes. To understand the pathogenic roles of AECA in systemic vasculitis, we attempted to identify target antigens for AECA comprehensively by a proteomic approach. Proteins extracted fr...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04218.x
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A serial prospective study of cell-mediated immunity to rabbit liver-specific lipoprotein (RLSP) has been done in 26 patients with acute viral hepatitis (AH) (18 HBsAg+ and eight HBsAg-) using a lymphocyte transformation test. An increased stimulation index was recorded in 56% of HBsAg+ cases and in 63% of the HBsAg- ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of 2.5-40 mg/kg nandrolone decanoate (ND) on the development and growth of mononuclear cell infiltrations in the submandibular glands of NZB/W (B/W) mice have been studied using a quantitative histological method. Injections with ND for 9 months, once every 3 weeks, starting at 4 weeks of age, reduced the ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epstein-Barr (EB) virus serology was correlated with the results of immunological investigations of three inherited immunodeficiency diseases, in an attempt to understand the immune mechanisms controlling EB virus infection. In nine patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS), the constant lack of anti-EB virus assoc...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present report concerns the site of synthesis of alpha 1-anti-trypsin (alpha 1 AT). In this study circulating cells and tissue fragments were incubated with radioactive amino acids to be incorporated during protein synthesis. The de novo synthesis of proteins was demonstrated by autoradiography of the immunoelectr...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Severe thrombocytopenia and increased vascular permeability are two major characteristics of dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF). To develop a better understanding of the roles of platelet-associated IgG (PAIgG) and IgM (PAIgM) in inducing thrombocytopenia and its severity of disease in patients with secondary dengue viru...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2004.02626.x
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of using the copy number of propionibacterial rRNA as a biomarker for sarcoidosis. Ribosomal RNA of Propionibacterium acnes and P. granulosum was measured by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using formalin-fixe...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cei.12650
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00