Abstract:
:Recent studies have shown that aberrantly expressed gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) and its receptor (GRP-R) critically regulate tumor cell differentiation in colon cancers developing in humans and mice. This finding suggested that the ability of GRP/GRP-R to promote a well-differentiated phenotype in colon cancer might reflect a re-capitulation of a normal role in regulating intestinal organogenesis. To determine if this was the case, we compared and contrasted intestinal development in GRPR-/- mice with their wild type littermates. GRP/GRP-R co-expression in wild type mice was only observed in villous enterocytes between N-1 and N-12. During this time frame villous growth was completely attenuated in GRPR-/- mice. The contribution of GRP/GRP-R to villous growth was due to their act in increasing enterocyte proliferation prior to N-8 but increasing enterocyte size thereafter. From N-12 onwards, small intestinal villous growth in GRPR-/- mice resumed such that no difference in this structure could be detected at adulthood between mice of either genotype. We next studied GRP/GRP-R expression in human abortuses. These proteins were co-expressed by villous enterocytes only between weeks 14 and 20 post-conception, a time frame analogous to when they are expressed in the murine intestine. Thus, this study shows for the first time that GRP/GRP-R play a transient and non-critical role in intestinal development, yet provides a rationale for their re-appearance in colon cancer.
journal_name
Mech Devjournal_title
Mechanisms of developmentauthors
Carroll RE,Matkowskyj K,Saunthararajah Y,Sekosan M,Battey JF,Benya RVdoi
10.1016/s0925-4773(02)00032-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-05-01 00:00:00pages
121-30issue
2eissn
0925-4773issn
1872-6356pii
S0925477302000321journal_volume
113pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The vertebrate hindbrain is composed of a series of lineage-restricted segments termed rhombomeres. Segment-specific gene expression drives unique programs of neuronal differentiation. Two critical embryonic signaling pathways, Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) and Retinoic Acid (RA), regulate early embryonic rhombomere ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2018.02.005
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chick dermis is known to control the formation of feathers and interfeathery skin in a hexagonal pattern. The evidence that the segregation of two types of fibroblasts involves Delta/Notch signalling is based on three facts. Rings of C-Delta-1-expressing fibroblasts precede and delimit the forming feather primordi...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(98)00027-6
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian embryos develop in coordination with extraembryonic tissues, which support embryonic development by implanting embryos into the uterus, supplying nutrition, providing a confined niche, and also providing patterning signals to embryos. Here, we show that in mouse embryos, the expansion of the amniotic cavity ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2014.01.004
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Suppressor of forked (Su(f)) protein of Drosophila melanogaster is a homologue of the 77K subunit of human cleavage stimulation factor required for cleavage of pre-mRNAs before addition of poly(A). We have previously shown that the Su(f) protein is not ubiquitously distributed: it accumulates in dividing cells at ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00011-8
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dorsal thalamus (DT) is a pivotal region in the vertebrate brain that relays inputs from the peripheral sensory organs to higher cognitive centers. It consists of clusters of neurons with relevant functions, called brain nuclei. However, the mechanisms underlying development of the DT, including specification of t...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2003.09.001
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The POU domain is a approximately 140 amino acid domain shared by several mammalian transcriptional activators. We have isolated genomic and cDNA clones from three Drosophila POU domain genes, designated pdm-1, pdm-2, and Cf1a. All three genes encode a conserved POU-specific domain and a POU homeo domain but are other...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0925-4773(91)90045-8
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present a complete staging table of normal development for the lungless salamander, Hemidactylium scutatum (Caudata: Plethodontidae). Terrestrial egg clutches from naturally ovipositing females were collected and maintained at 15 °C in the laboratory. Observations, photographs, and time-lapse movies of embryos were...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2014.12.007
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The existence of a common endodermal progenitor cell to both pancreas and liver is suggested by anatomy of the development of pancreatic and liver buds in embryogenesis. Here we review the large body of evidence that pancreas to liver and liver to pancreas cell differentiation can also occur in adult life. The publish...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(02)00336-2
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Smad5, together with Smad1 and Smad8, have been implicated as downstream signal mediators for several bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Recent studies have shown that primordial germ cells (PGCs) are absent or greatly reduced in Bmp4 or Bmp8b mutant mice. To define the role of Smad5 in PGC development, we examined P...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(01)00367-7
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To elucidate roles of fibroblast growth factors (FGF)18 during vertebrate development, we examined expression patterns of Fgf18 in chick embryos and observed effects of FGF18 protein on the Hensen's node, isthmus, and limb buds. Fgf18 is expressed on the right side of the node before the expression of Fgf8 starts. FGF...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00331-2
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mouse embryos lacking Gsc and Dkk1 function display severe deficiencies in craniofacial structures which are not found in either Dkk1 homozygous null or Gsc homozygous null mutant embryos. Loss of Gsc has a dosage-related effect on the severity of head truncation phenotype in Dkk1 heterozygous embryos. The synergistic...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2006.10.001
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian cell culture studies have shown that several members of the nuclear receptor super family such as glucocorticoid receptor, retinoic acid receptor and thyroid hormone receptor can repress the activity of AP-1 proteins by a mechanism that does not require the nuclear receptor to bind to DNA directly, but that ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(02)00116-8
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have analysed the cell lineage relationships between larval and imaginal mesodermal primordia at the blastoderm stage by homotopic single cell transplantations. The primordia of adepithelial cells, the precursors of adult thoracic muscles, are restricted to the region from 50 to 65% egg length within the ventrally ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(97)00654-0
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::C-terminal binding protein (CtBP) is an evolutionarily and functionally conserved transcriptional corepressor known to integrate diverse signals to regulate transcription. Drosophila CtBP (dCtBP) regulates tissue specification and segmentation during early embryogenesis. Here, we investigated the roles of dCtBP during...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2008.10.003
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An enhancer sequence found in the Protease Nexin-1 (PN-1) gene was shown to drive lacZ expression specifically at the met-/mesencephalic junction in transgenic mouse embryos. A functional study of this enhancer has been performed to better understand the mechanisms regulating isthmic gene expression. An octamer-bindin...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00067-2
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hsp47 is a heat-shock protein which interacts with newly synthesize procollagen chains in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of collagen-secreting cells and is thought to assist in procollagen triple helix assembly and subsequent transport to the cis-Golgi. This is supported by studies which have reported that genes encod...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(96)00626-0
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tetrapod fore-and hindlimbs have evolved from the pectoral and pelvic fins of an ancient vertebrate ancestor. In this ancestor, the pectoral fin appears to have arisen following the rostral homeotic recapitulation of an existing pelvic appendage (Tabin and Laufer (1993), Nature 361, 692-693). Thus the basic appendage ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0925-4773(96)00514-x
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::During Drosophila embryogenesis, the attachment of somatic muscles to epidermal tendon cells requires heterodimeric PS-integrin proteins (alpha- and beta-subunits). The alpha-subunits are expressed complementarily, either tendon cell- or muscle-specific, whereas the beta-integrin subunit is expressed in both tissues. ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2007.03.005
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present the first time/space analysis using in situ hybridization for PTTG and prc1 genes during development of the mouse telencephalon. During the stages E11.5-E13.5 PTTG and prc1 are expressed in most tissues of the embryo. Within the telencephalon, PTTG and prc1 are found exclusively inside of the ventricular zo...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00243-4
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hairless is a dominant loss of function mutation in Drosophila affecting the formation of adult sensory organs. In the mutants, neuronal precursor cells do not differentiate, suggesting that Hairless might be involved in specifying or realizing neuronal fate in the fly, similar to the 'pro-neural' genes of the achaete...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0925-4773(92)90006-6
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::High expression of the B1 Sox genes, Sox2 and Sox3, is associated with the development of definitive neural primordia, the neural plates, in early stage embryos. However, in the caudal lateral epiblast (CLE) where axial stem cells reside, Sox2 and Sox3 are expressed at low levels, together with Brachyury. Because axia...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2014.01.003
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wnt-4 signaling plays a critical role in kidney development and is associated with the epithelial conversion of the metanephric mesenchyme. Furthermore, secreted Frizzled-related proteins (sFRPs) that can bind Wnts are normally expressed in the developing metanephros, and function in other systems as modulators of Wnt...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(01)00282-9
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We performed a systematic screen for mutations affecting the trajectory of axons visualized by immunohistochemical staining of Medaka embryos with anti-acetylated tubulin antibody. Among the mutations identified, yanagi (yan) and kazura (kaz) mutations caused specific defects in projection of the posterior lateral lin...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2004.03.032
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::DEADSouth was selected in a screen for localized RNAs in Xenopus oocytes. In situ hybridization analysis shows that DEADSouth localizes to the vegetal cortex via the mitochondrial cloud early in oogenesis and segregates with germ plasm during early embryogenesis. These results lend further support for the general conc...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00357-9
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of signal perturbation on expression domains of molecular markers for the mesoderm and ectoderm have been analysed across the dorso-ventral axis in zebrafish embryos. Injection of RNA encoding bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) ventralised the embryo, expanding the intermediate mesoderm and non-neural ec...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(97)00659-x
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dual nature of pancreatic tissue permits both endocrine and exocrine functions. Enzymatic secretions by the exocrine pancreas help digestive processes while the pancreatic hormones regulate glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism. Pancreas organogenesis is defined by a conserved array of signaling pathways that ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2020.103647
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A key role for phosphorylation of Smad2 by TGFβ superfamily ligands in the axial patterning of early embryos is well established. The regulation and role of Smad2 signaling in post-neurula embryonic patterning, however, is less well understood. While a variety of TGFβ superfamily ligands are implicated in various stag...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2010.08.004
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Imitation Switch (ISWI) is a member of the SWI2/SNF2 superfamily of ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers, which regulate transcription and maintain chromatin structure by mobilizing nucleosomes using the energy of ATP. Four distinct ISWI complexes have been identified in Xenopus oocytes. The developmental role of Xenopu...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mod.2005.08.002
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The homeobox gene Six4/AREC3 is a member of the vertebrate Six family of transcription factor genes. In this study we describe the cloning and expression of three zebrafish homologues of Six4/AREC3, six4.1, six4.2 and six4.3. These zebrafish Six4 proteins show high homology to the mammalian Six4/AREC3 proteins in the ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00451-2
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the cloning and expression of a novel murine forkhead/winged helix family member--Foxn4--that is expressed during neural development in the retina, the ventral hindbrain and spinal cord and dorsal midbrain. Retinal Foxn4 expression is associated with the zone of proliferating progenitor cells. In the mouse m...
journal_title:Mechanisms of development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(01)00465-8
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00