Abstract:
:Delayed alternation tasks are frequently used as probes of frontal lobe functioning. To clarify the neural substrates of delayed alternation performance in humans, the authors measured regional cerebral blood flow with H2(15)O positron emission tomography in healthy subjects as they performed delayed spatial and object alternation. Consistent with the monkey lesion literature, increased dorsolateral prefrontal activity emerged during delayed spatial alternation but not delayed object alternation, whereas orbitofrontal activations emerged in both alternation tasks. The possible cognitive processes contributing to the orbitofrontal and dorsolateral prefrontal involvement in delayed alternation are discussed. Additional activations localized to several nonfrontal regions suggest caution in interpreting alternation deficits in patients as strictly reflecting frontal lobe impairment.
journal_name
Neuropsychologyjournal_title
Neuropsychologyauthors
Zald DH,Curtis C,Folley BS,Pardo JVsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-04-01 00:00:00pages
182-9issue
2eissn
0894-4105issn
1931-1559journal_volume
16pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章相关文献
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY文献大全abstract::This study investigated the role of the basal ganglia in timing operations. Nondemented, medicated Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and controls were tested on 2 motor-timing tasks (paced finger tapping at a 300- or 600-ms target interval), 2 time perception tasks (duration perception wherein the interval between the...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0894-4105.12.1.3
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Word-finding difficulties are a common complaint among individuals with left (domain) temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). We tested the hypothesis that these difficulties stem from a deficit in semantic processing. METHOD:We tested and compared semantic processing in left and right TLE patients and healthy control...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000097
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sixteen patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), 15 older controls (OCs), and 109 younger controls (YCs) were compared in 2 category-learning tasks. Participants attempted to assign colored geometric figures to 1 of 2 categories. In rule-based tasks, category membership was defined by an explicit rule that was easy to ...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Retrieval of lexical (names) and conceptual (semantic) information is frequently impaired in individuals with neurological damage. One category of items that is often affected is musical instruments. However, distinct neuroanatomical correlates underlying lexical and conceptual knowledge for musical instrumen...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000273
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess consolidation in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), controlling for differences in initial learning and using a protracted delay period for recall. METHOD:15 individuals with aMCI were compared with 15 healthy older adult controls on a story learning task. Subjects were trained to criteria ...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000013
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 29(2) of Neuropsychology (see record 2014-42242-001). The funding source information was missing from the author note, and A. M. Barrett's institutional affiliation was incorrect. The funding source information and Barrett's correct institut...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000122
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extremes of birth weight and preterm birth are known to result in a host of adverse outcomes, yet studies to date largely have used cross-sectional designs and variable-centered methods to understand long-term sequelae. Growth mixture modeling (GMM) that utilizes an integrated person- and variable-centered approac...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0015676
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several strategies can be used to find a destination in the environment. Using a virtual environment, the authors identified 2 strategies dependent on 2 different memory systems. A spatial strategy involved the use of multiple landmarks available in the environment, and a response strategy involved right and left turn...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0894-4105.18.3.418
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study identified the brain activations associated with auditory vigilance tasks, using functional magnetic resonance imaging. We created auditory continuous performance tests (CPTs) in which a demanding task (working memory task) was made more difficult than a simple vigilance task by increasing working memory an...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0894-4105.12.4.505
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the performance of heterosexual and homosexual men and women on 2 tests of spatial processing, mental rotation (MR) and Benton Judgment of Line Orientation (JLO). The sample comprised 60 heterosexual men, 60 heterosexual women, 60 homosexual men, and 60 homosexual women. There were significant main...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Implicit and explicit memory were examined in 8- to 15-year-old children with myelomeningocele and shunted hydrocephalus, severe traumatic brain injuries, or orthopedic injuries. Each group included between 22 and 29 children. Children completed a fragmented picture identification task to assess perceptual priming and...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0894-4105.19.5.618
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Deficits in cognitive flexibility have been suggested to underlie the repetitive and stereotyped behavior in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Because cognitive flexibility is primarily mediated by the frontal lobe, where structural and functional abnormalities have been extensively found in t...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000231
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Individuals with semantic dementia (SD) have impaired autobiographical memory (AM), but the extent of the impairment has been controversial. According to one report (Westmacott, Leach, Freedman, & Moscovitch, 2001), patient performance was better when visual cues were used instead of verbal cues; however, the...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0021005
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study investigated handedness of 109 Korean patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and 120 normal control participants. Left TLE was associated with a significantly raised incidence of left-handers relative to normal controls. More important for the present purpose, right TLE was associated with a sign...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0894-4105.15.4.510
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emotional arousal is associated with enhanced memory in neurologically intact individuals, but it is unknown whether this effect is obtained in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current study compared emotional memory and emotional reactions in patients with early AD and in older controls. Participants viewed emotionally ...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In describing academic attainment in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), results are typically reported at the group mean level. This may mask subgroups of individuals for whom academic achievement is incommensurate with intellectual ability. The authors tested the IQ, literacy, and mathematical abilities of a large grou...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0016360
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The main objective of the present study was to determine whether event-related potentials (ERPs) predominant in prefrontal cortex (PFC) respond in a similar fashion to ERPs predominant in posterior parietal cortex (PPC) in duration and size discrimination tasks. The results indicate that contingent negative variation ...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0015757
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To generate normative data for the verbal fluency tests (VFT-letter M, fruits, and occupations categories) in Spanish-speaking adult populations, with country-specific adjustments for age, education, and sex when appropriate. METHOD:The sample consisted of 3,977 healthy adults from 11 countries in Latin Amer...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000518
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Long-term memory functioning in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) is marked by a characteristic pattern of impairments and strengths. Individuals with ASD show impairment in memory tasks that require the processing of relational and contextual information, but spared performance on tasks requiring more item-ba...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0034492
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To establish the magnitude of deficits in working memory (WM) and short-term memory (STM) in those with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) relative to age-matched, healthy controls and to explore the moderating effects of time since injury and age at injury on these impairments. METHOD:Twenty-o...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/neu0000285
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following a distributed network model of visuospatial attention, the authors used an A-X version of the Continuous Performance Test and a covert orienting paradigm to examine the vigilance, anterior, and posterior attention systems. Compared with control participants without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (A...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0894-4105.20.4.420
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Follow-up studies of preterm children without serious neonatal medical complications have consistently found poor visuomotor and visuospatial skills. In the first round of current follow-up study, we found a deficit in elementary visuomotor processes in preterm children without Cerebral Palsy (CP). To determine whethe...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0016804
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The literature on emotional processing in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients shows mixed results. This may be because of various methodological and/or patient-related differences, such as failing to adjust for cognitive functioning, depression, and/or mood. METHOD:In the current study, we tested PD patients a...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000371
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Semantic fluency tasks, with the categories of birds and furniture as stimuli, were administered to normal subjects and patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Normal subjects showed a gender-related double dissociation consistent with the literature data because men were more fluent with the birds category and women ...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0894-4105.21.2.207
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hebrew and Arabic are Semitic languages with a similar morphological structure and orthographies that differ in visual complexity. Two experiments explored the interaction of the characteristics of orthography and hemispheric abilities on lateralized versions of a letter-matching task (Experiment 1) and a global-local...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0894-4105.18.1.174
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic and recreational use of cocaine has been shown to impair inhibitory output control (response inhibition) but whether input control is also affected is an open question. For the first time, this study compared the ability to perform a cued target-discrimination task that measured inhibition of return (IOR), a r...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0013821
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Comparability of meaning of neuropsychological test results across ethnic, linguistic, and cultural groups is important for clinicians challenged with assessing increasing numbers of older ethnic minorities. We examined the dimensional structure of a neuropsychological test battery in linguistically and demog...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0021090
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this commentary on P. M. Greenwood's Functional Plasticity in Cognitive Aging: Review and hypothesis ( 2007), the author raises a number of questions stimulated by the article. Although it may be premature to expect answers to those questions, the author argues that they ultimately need to be addressed and answered...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0894-4105.21.6.678
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The present investigation examined whether higher functioning children with autism would demonstrate impaired response inhibition performance in an emotional go/no-go task, and whether severity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism symptoms correlated with performance. METHOD:Forty-fou...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0033615
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:It is increasingly recognized that trauma victims, particularly Veterans, have co-occurring psychological and physical conditions that impact cognition, especially the domains of sustained attention and executive functioning. Although previous work has generally attempted to isolate the unique cognitive effec...
journal_title:Neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/neu0000525
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00