Abstract：
:The miniaturization of analytical devices by micromachining technology is destined to have a major impact on medical and bioanalytical fields. To meet the current demands for rapid DNA amplification, various instruments and innovative technologies have been introduced by several groups in recent years. The development of the devices was extended in different directions and adapted to corresponding applications. In this review the development of a variety of devices and components for performing DNA amplification as well as the comparison of batch-process thermocyclers with reaction chambers and flow-through devices for different purposes are discussed. The main attention is turned to a flow device concept for thermocycling using microfabricated elements for local heat flow management, for which simulations and considerations for further improvement regarding design, material choice and applied technology were performed. The present review article mainly discusses and compares thermocycling devices for rapid thermocycling made of silicon or of silicon and glass with a short excursion to the possibility of plastic chip devices. In order to perform polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) in the microreactors, special attention must be paid to the conditions of the internal surfaces. For microchips, surface effects are generally pronounced because the surface to volume ratio increases upon miniaturization. Solutions for solving this problem are presented. We propose an overview of layouts for batch-process thermocyclers with different parallelization of reaction chambers and also of different designs of continuous flow thermocycling chips, paying particular attention to the parameters which influence the efficiency of such chip devices. Finally we point out some recent issues for applications in the field of clinical diagnostics.
journal_name
J Biotechnoljournal_title
Journal of biotechnologyauthors
Schneegass I,Köhler JMdoi
10.1016/s1389-0352(01)00033-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-12-01 00:00:00pages
101-21issue
2eissn
0168-1656issn
1873-4863pii
S1389-0352(01)00033-2journal_volume
82pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:A hydrogen electrode based on a hydrogenase immobilized on a carbon material has been developed. The equilibrium hydrogen potential was reached in an atmosphere of H2 on the enzyme electrode according to the mechanism of direct exchange of electrons between the electrode and the enzyme active center. The electrochemic...
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2001-10-04 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of biotechnology
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journal_title：Journal of biotechnology
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journal_title：Journal of biotechnology
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journal_title：Journal of biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.02.022
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journal_title：Journal of biotechnology
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journal_title：Journal of biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of biotechnology
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更新日期：2019-02-20 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.08.010
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journal_title：Journal of biotechnology
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.06.001
更新日期：2006-12-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0168-1656(01)00276-0
更新日期：2001-06-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0168-1656(95)00114-X
更新日期：1996-01-26 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of biotechnology
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更新日期：2012-02-20 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiotec.2003.10.012
更新日期：2004-02-05 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2018-10-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Lactulose and galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are well recognized prebiotics derived from lactose. In the synthesis of lactulose with β-galactosidases GOS are also produced, but the ratio of lactulose and GOS in the product can be tuned at will, depending on the operation conditions, so to obtain an optimal product dis...
journal_title：Journal of biotechnology
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更新日期：2015-09-10 00:00:00
