Abstract：
:The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) pathway participates in a number of reactions of the cell when responding to various external stimuli. These stimuli include growth factor binding to its receptor as well as stressful situations such as hypoxia and oxidative stress. It has been postulated that one of the mechanisms by which beta-amyloid exerts its toxic effects is to produce oxidative stress. This study therefore investigated whether the MAP-kinase pathway was activated in cells following exposure to beta-amyloid. Neuroblastoma (N2alpha) cells were used in all experiments. The cells were exposed to 50, 100, and 500 microM glutamate, and 10, 30, and 50 microM beta-amyloid, for 24 h. The methylthiazolyl tetrazolium salt (MTT) assay was performed to determine the degree of toxicity. The generation of hydrogen peroxide was detected by fluorescence microscopy using the dye dihydrochlorofluorescein diacetate (DCDHF). Extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 MAP-kinase phosphorylation, as representatives of the MAP-kinase pathway, was determined. Treating N2alpha cells with beta-amyloid resulted in a greater than 50% reduction in cell viability. These cells also showed a significantly higher presence of hydrogen peroxide. Western Blot analysis revealed that the phosphorylation of p38 MAP kinase was dose-dependently increased in cells exposed to glutamate and beta-amyloid. On the other hand, the phosphorylation of ERK was significantly reduced in these cells. These data therefore suggest that the toxic effects of beta-amyloid involve the generation of hydrogen peroxide, leading to the activation of p38 and the down-regulation of ERK.
journal_name
Metab Brain Disjournal_title
Metabolic brain diseaseauthors
Daniels WM,Hendricks J,Salie R,Taljaard JJdoi
10.1023/a:1012541011123subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-12-01 00:00:00pages
175-85issue
3-4eissn
0885-7490issn
1573-7365journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Isolated Methylmalonic acidemia/aciduria (MMA) is a group of inborn errors of metabolism disease which is caused by defect in methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MCM) enzyme. The enzyme has a key function in the catabolism of branched chain amino acids (BCAA, isoleucine, and valine), methionine, and threonine. MCM is encoded by...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-018-0277-4
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizophrenia is one of the most disabling mental disorders that affects up to 1 % of the population worldwide. Although the causes of this disorder remain unknown, it has been extensively characterized by a broad range of emotional, ideational and cognitive impairments. Studies indicate that schizophrenia affects neu...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-013-9417-z
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic ethanol ingestion results in an "up-regulation" of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtype of glutamate receptor in mouse brain. This increase in receptors is associated with ethanol withdrawal seizures, which can be attenuated by NMDA receptor antagonists. Chronic exposure to ethanol (3 days) of rat cerebella...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01991784
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The free radical scavenging abilities of the structurally related steroids beta-sitosterol, beta-sitosterol glucoside (plant sterols and sterolins), cholesterol, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) were compared with melatonin (an efficient free radical scavenger) in an in vitro system which measures lipid per...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1011167023695
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Following axonal interruption, structural, metabolic and physiological parameters change in motorneurons. Also, glial cells are involved in this process. Microglia proliferate and express new proteins such as vimentin or MHC antigens. Astrocytes show hypertrophy, increased GFAP synthesis, and formation of lamellae. Bo...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF00999498
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidative stress is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of stroke. Strategies using antioxidants to improve neurological functions after stroke have, thus, gained significant attention. Ocimum basilicum L. is used traditionally to treat CNS disorders. Its antioxidant capacity is well established. Our laboratory ha...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-018-0215-5
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antipsychotics, such as risperidone, increase food intake and induce alteration in glucose and lipid metabolism concomitantly with overweight and body fat increase, these biological abnormalities belong to the metabolic syndrome definition (high visceral adiposity, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperglycemia, low HDL-choleste...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-0133-y
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyperammonemia is necessary for development of the cerebral complications to liver disease including hepatic encephalopathy and cerebral edema but the mechanisms are unclear. Ammonia is taken up by the brain in proportion to its arterial concentration. The flux into the brain is most likely by both diffusion of NH3 an...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9494-7
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of chronic and repeated radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RFEMR) exposure on spatial cognition and hippocampal architecture were investigated in prepubescent rats. Four weeks old male Wistar rats were exposed to RF-EMR (900 MHz; SAR-1.15 W/kg with peak power density of 146.60 μW/cm(2)) for 1 h/day,...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-015-9689-6
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study aimed to investigate the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the neuroprotective effect of Crocus sativus (saffron) against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) in rats. Four groups of a total forty I/R rats with 60-min occlusion followed by 48 h reperfusion or sham surgery wer...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-019-00505-1
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autism (MIM 209850) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disease that manifests within the first 3 years of life. Numerous articles reported that dysfunctional folate-methionine pathway enzymes may play an important role in the pathophysiology of autism. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a critical enzym...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1007/s11011-016-9815-0
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the current era, plants are frequently tested for its antidepressant potential. Therefore young coconut water, a commonly used plant based beverage, was selected to explore its antidepressant potential. Rodents were selected for this study and forced swim test was conducted to explore antidepressant activity. Analy...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-016-9866-2
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tissue methylmalonic acid (MMA) accumulation is the biochemical hallmark of methylmalonic acidemia. Clinically, the disease is characterized by progressive neurological deterioration and renal failure, whose pathophysiology is still undefined. In the present study we investigated the effect of acute MMA administration...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-013-9396-0
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic liver disease (CLD) leads to a spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders named hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Even though brain energy metabolism is believed to be altered in chronic HE, few studies have explored energy metabolism in CLD-induced HE, and their findings were inconsistent. The aim of this study was to...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-015-9715-8
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Niemann-Pick type C 1 (NPC1) disease is an autosomal recessive cholesterol transport defect resulting in a neurodegenerative process in patients mainly at an early age, although some patients may start with manifestation in adult. Since loss of myelin is considered as a main pathogenetic factor, the precise mechanism ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-011-9263-9
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Near infrared radiation (NIR) is known to penetrate and affect biological systems in multiple ways. Recently, a series of experimental studies suggested that low intensity NIR may protect neuronal cells against a wide range of insults that mimic diseases such as stroke, brain trauma and neurodegeneration. However, the...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9515-6
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Alzheimer's disease (AD) basal forebrain cholinergic neurons appear to be targeted primarily in early stages of the disease. Scopolamine (muscarinic receptor antagonist) has been used for decades to induce working and reference memory impairment in rodents. In this study, we evaluated the protective effect of kolav...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-016-9902-2
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with chronic liver disease manifest a high incidence (> 75%) of pallidal signal hyperintensity on T1-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), the intensity of which correlates with blood manganese levels and the presence of extrapyramidal symptoms. A major cause of pallidal hyperintensity on T1-weighted MRI...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02109357
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with severe liver disease. Although the mechanisms responsible for HE remain elusive, ammonia is generally considered to be involved in its pathogenesis, and astrocytes are thought to be the principal target of ammonia neurotoxici...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1023858902184
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Allicin, one of the main biologically active compounds derived from garlic, was previously reported to possess multiple pharmacological activities. Whether allicin protected against chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) induced depressive-like behaviors remained unknown. Thus, our present study for the first time invest...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-018-0342-z
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The combination of Parkinson syndrome (PS) and prolonged visually evoked potentials (VEPs) in a single patient with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) has not been reported. A 52-year-old male with chronic HE developed PS in early 2001. Treatment with L-DOPA was only of minimal effect. In August 2001 he was admitted because ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-005-2476-z
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oral glutamine challenge is a method to increase blood ammonia and may be used to study the ammonia lowering effect of drugs potentially useful in hepatic encephalopathy (HE). We tested its influence on the psychometric performance of 18 cirrhotic patients without HE. Twelve nonencephalopatic cirrhotic patients were s...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1021926601907
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the short-term brain activity changes in cirrhotic patients with Liver transplantation (LT) using resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) with regional homogeneity (ReHo) method. Twenty-six cirrhotic patients as transplant candidates and 26 healthy controls were included in this study. The assessment was re...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-015-9657-1
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At the present time alcoholism is recognized as a metabolic disease exhibiting the clinical features of craving for alcohol, loss of control over drinking, tolerance and physical dependence on alcohol, while both epidemiological and experimental studies have demonstrated that genetic factors may be important in determ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF01999765
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sevoflurane, one of the most commonly used volatile anesthetics in clinical treatment, has been shown to induce a widespread increase in brain apoptosis. However, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Sestrin 2 has been recently shown to regulate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and play a cruci...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-015-9673-1
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heart failure patients often manifest white matter hyperintensites on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). White matter hyperintnsities have also been linked with cognitive problems in patients with heart failure. Sleep disordered breathing may contribute to structural brain changes in heart failure. The purpose of...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-018-0309-0
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Levels of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), an important inflammatory mediator, are high in the serum of febrile seizure (FS) patients. However, its roles in FS and secondary epilepsy after prolonged FS are poorly understood. We demonstrate HMGB1's role in the pathogenesis of hyperthermia-induced seizures (HS) and se...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-0103-4
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the effects of age and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), on protein kinase C (PKC), adenylyl cyclase, calcium/calmodulin-independent cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase (cyclic-AMP PDE) and voltage-dependent L-type calcium channels in Fischer rat brain using autoradio...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02676356
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive psycho-stimulant that induces behavioral changes due to high level of METH-induced dopamine in the brain. Nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays an important role in these changes, especially in drug addiction. However, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms of ME...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-0061-x
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the normal adult brain, glucose provides 90% of the energy requirements as well as substrate for nucleic acid and lipid synthesis. In the present study, effects of ethanol on glucose transporters (GLUT) and glucose utilization were examined in rat brain. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-300 gms were given eith...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02674530
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
