Abstract：
BACKGROUND:There have been no large-scale analyses of resource utilization comparing the overall costs to treat pediatric patients vs adult patients. Likewise, there have been no studies evaluating the costs of the various components of hospitalization (e.g., accommodation, laboratory, radiology, and drugs) among adult and pediatric populations. METHODS:To study the effect of age on the costs of treating patients, we have evaluated 43 conditions with matching diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) for children and adults. Using a database developed by the University HealthSystems Consortium, we examined the major non-physician components of hospital costs, including accommodation, surgery, pharmacy, radiology, and laboratory for 1,346,028 patient admissions to 60 University hospitals. These costs were derived from the ratio of costs to charges based on the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services PPS UB-2 cost reports. RESULTS:The total non-physician cost of treating adults was generally greater than that for children within paired DRGs. Some of this difference may be attributable to the overall longer stay of adults in hospital. For conditions that were nominally the same, radiology, laboratory, and drug costs, especially tended to be higher for adults than for children. This was most marked when the costs were evaluated on a per diem basis. There tended to be greater variability in the costs of treating children than adults within the paired DRGs, as evidenced by greater differences between the median and mean costs. CONCLUSIONS:Among University hospitals, the costs of managing children are typically less than for adults with the same nominal condition. In these hospitals, there tends to be less use of laboratory, radiology, and pharmacy services for children than for adults.
journal_name
Clin Chemjournal_title
Clinical chemistryauthors
Young DS,Sachais BS,Jefferies LCsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-01-01 00:00:00pages
150-60issue
1eissn
0009-9147issn
1530-8561journal_volume
48pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Bush and Reed reported (Clin Chem 1987;33:821-3) that the reaction of albumin with bromcresol purple but not with bromcresol green underestimated the concentration of albumin in synthetically obtained bilirubin-albumin (Bd) by 29%. Their unproven assumption was that chemically synthesized Bd behaved in a manner indist...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using the Selected Method of McKenzie and Henderson (Selected Methods Clin Chem 1983;10:59-67) as a reference method, we compared the performance of 10 commercially available methods for determination of lactate dehydrogenase (LD, EC 1.1.1.27) isoenzymes. Results were expressed as percentage of total LD activity, as d...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using image-analyzing equipment, we measured the effect of quinidine on the activity of naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase, alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase, and acid phosphatase in individual cells of a human Hep G2 hepatoma cell line. The impact of the drug on the morphology of the...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have developed an interactive statistical quality-control system for the small- to medium-sized radioimmunoassay laboratory, which can be used in a programmable desk-top calculator instead of the medium- or large-scale computer systems usually required. The design of this quality-control system is modeled after the...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Measured triglyceride concentrations were extremely low (less than 100 mg/L) in the serum of some patients who were receiving hydroxyurea for myeloproliferative diseases. The assay being used to quantify triglycerides was a "cascaded" enzymatic method involving (a) lipase, to generate glycerol from triglycerides; (b) ...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Estrogen receptor (ER) and progestin receptor (PR) concentrations in tumor biopsies are important predictive indicators of a clinical response to endocrine therapy of breast cancer. To assess interference of O.C.T. (optimum cutting temperature) embedding compound in assays of ER and PR by radioligand binding, we deter...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical utilities of the emerging biochemical markers for mammary adenocarcinoma CA 15-3, CA 549, CA M26, CA M29, and MCA (mucin-like carcinoma-associated antigen) were assessed by a formal rating according to six desirable marker characteristics. All five indicators similarly have good specificities but limited ...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have developed a simple, specific, and sensitive reversed-phase liquid-chromatographic method for accurate and simultaneous analysis of corticosterone and cortisol in human plasma. We achieved a detection limit of 300 ng/L for both steroids by modifying the old solid-phase extraction method to make use of "Tef Elut...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Multiple genes that are associated with the risk of developing diabetes or the risk of diabetes complications have been identified by candidate gene analysis and genomewide scanning. These molecular markers, together with clinical data and findings from proteomics, metabolomics, pharmacogenetics, and other m...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2010.156901
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:An accurate determination of the major HFE mutation (C282Y), which is associated with hereditary hemochromatosis, is important in diagnosis and risk assessment for this disease. We report a single-tube high-throughput PCR method for the detection of C282Y. METHODS:We combined three previously described prin...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We produced and characterized several monoclonal antibodies directed toward human plasma apolipoprotein A-I. Two of them, A-I-12 and A-I-57, individually precipitated purified or native high-density lipoprotein in agarose gel by double immunodiffusion. Because radial immunodiffusion performed with a single monoclonal ...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Quantitative PCR of viral nucleic acids can be useful clinically in diagnosis, risk assessment, and monitoring of antiviral therapy. We wished to develop a chemiluminescence competitive PCR (cPCR) for parvovirus B19. METHODS:Parvovirus DNA target sequences and competitor sequences were coamplified and direc...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews key advances in ion-selective electrode technology that have made potentiometric measurements of ionized calcium (Ca2+) reliable and precise. Our use of two second-generation Ca2+ analyzers (Radiometer ICA1 and NOVA 8) made possible uninterrupted service as volume increased to 31 640 patient tests...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A precolumn derivatization method was optimized for rapid and specific analysis of total urinary hydroxyproline by HPLC. After an overnight hydrolysis, urine samples dried and reconstituted with the internal standard cysteic acid (in sodium hydrogen carbonate, pH 9.3) were derivatized with N,N-diethyl-2,4-dinitro-5-fl...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is one of the most widely used tumor markers worldwide. Its main application is mostly in gastrointestinal cancers, especially in colorectal malignancy. Although in use for almost 30 years, the clinical value of CEA in colorectal cancer is still not clear. METHODS:The literatu...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this report on trace-element concentrations (As, Ca, Cd, Cl, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Zn) in human heart, liver, kidney, aorta, and rib obtained from 200 autopsied patients, we give special attention to sampling procedure, analysis technique, and various sources of error (autolysis...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Dutch Foundation for Quality Assessment in Clinical Chemistry (SKZL) is the professional organization that conducts external quality-assessment schemes in The Netherlands. However, such schemes in fact assess the performance of the internal quality-control systems of the participating laboratories. In this paper w...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serial results from an individual are often obtained using more than one method. Results should be transferable over time and locale. Every method has inherent analytical error, and goals are required to delineate the maximum allowable random (imprecision) and systematic (inaccuracy, bias) errors to facilitate optimal...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical relevance of likelihood ratios (L-values) for revising the physician's diagnostic probabilities has been recognized. However, the calculation of L-values, particularly in the case of quantitative or mixed quantitative-binary test results, raises problems that have not yet been addressed. Based on a very g...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe microplate methods for measurement of human urinary albumin (HUA) by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) and creatinine with a modified commercial enzymatic kit. Incorporation of substrate mixing into the competitive ELISA changes the dynamic absorbance-concentration response, greatly sim...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An enzymatic, fluorometric method is described for determination of serum urea on silicone-rubber pads. In this method, the reagents are lyophilized on the surface of the pads, NADH on one side and a mixture of urease, glutamate dehydrogenase, and alpha-ketoglutarate on the other. The rate of disappearance of NADH flu...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pompe disease (PD) is the first lysosomal storage disorder to be added to the Recommended Uniform Screening Panel for newborn screening. This condition has a broad phenotypic spectrum, ranging from an infantile form (IOPD), with severe morbidity and mortality in infancy, to a late-onset form (LOPD) with vari...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2016.259036
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have devloped an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for determining choriomammotropin (human placental lactogen) in serum. Unlabeled hormone competes with choriomammotropin-beta-galactosidase conjugate for antibody bound to polystyrene tubes. The entire assay can be performed in 2.5 h with good precision. The coeffi...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This ultrafiltration technique allows determination of free drug in 50 microL of serum. We ultrafiltered sera containing the following drugs--valproic acid (and its major metabolites), phenobarbital, diazepam, indomethacin, phenytoin, furosemide, and chloramphenicol--using both the commercially available micropartitio...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This new assay procedure for diaphorase eliminates problems of high blank rates and nonlinear kinetics associated with other methods. The dye thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide is reduced in the presence of NADH and diaphorase to yield a colored formazan, which as maximum absorbance at 560 nm. ...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A digestion procedure involving nitric acid is described for determination of aluminum in blood, serum, and plasma by graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy. Contamination was not a severe problem if all operations were performed in a dust-free atmosphere. Conditions for such determination of aluminum in bloo...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Demonstrable quality of laboratory services entails two parts. First, one needs a quality policy statement, identification of user needs, choice of measurement procedures, reference measurement system to provide traceability, control materials, and proficiency testing with materials having reference-measurement-assign...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This solid-phase competitive europium immunoassay of progesterone in plasma relies on antigen labeling. With this new approach, time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay can attain sensitivity and precision similar to that of conventional radioimmunoassay. The europium-labeling involves coupling diethylenetriaminepentaacetic ac...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two major components of rRNA (18S and 28S rRNA) were separated by electrophoresis in injection-molded acrylic chips with a microchannel 100 microm in width, 40 microm in depth, and with 1 cm of separation distance. Microchannels were filled with 4 g/L hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as sieving polymer and 5 mg/L ethidium...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2)) levels are associated with cardiovascular events, Lp-PLA(2) is physically linked to LDL cholesterol (LDL-C). Whether measures of Lp-PLA(2) mass or activity continue to predict risk after LDL-C reduction by statin therapy is uncertain. METHODS:Lp...
journal_title：Clinical chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1373/clinchem.2011.180281
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
