Misunderstanding death on a respirator.

abstract：:In this article, we argue that a critical examination of epistemological and anthropological presuppositions might lead to a more fruitful use of theory in clinical-ethical practice. We differentiate between two views of conceptualizing ethics, referring to Charles Taylors' two epistemological models: 'monological' ve...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Ohnsorge K,Widdershoven G

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When patients refuse to receive medical treatment, the consequences of honouring their decisions can be tragic. This is no less true of patients who autonomously decide to refuse treatment. I distinguish three possible implications of these autonomous decisions. According to the Permissibility Claim, such a decision i...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Murphy P

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several recent articles have weighed in on the question of whether moral philosophers can be counted as moral experts. One argument denying this has been rejected by both sides of the debate. According to this argument, the extent of disagreement in modern moral philosophy prevents moral philosophers from being classi...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Cross B

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:If, as I believe, gene therapy is in principle ethically sound except for its possible connection with eugenics then there are two obvious ways of giving a simple and straightforward answer to a question such as this. The first is to say "yes it is, and so what?" The second is to say "no it isn't so we shouldn't worry...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Harris J

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the past decade, the perception of a bioterrorist threat has increased and created a demand on life scientists to consider the potential security implications of dual use research. This article examines a selection of proposed moral obligations for life scientists that have emerged to meet these concerns and the ex...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Kuhlau F,Eriksson S,Evers K,Höglund AT

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibiotic resistance is one of the most pressing public health problems humanity faces. Research into new classes of antibiotics and new kinds of treatments - including risky experimental treatments such as phage therapy and vaccines - is an important part of improving our ability to treat infectious diseases. In ord...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Anomaly J,Savulescu J

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1991, the Israeli Minister of Health and the Minister of Justice jointly nominated a commission to consider the subject of IVF in all its aspects. Heyd summarizes the commission's recommendations on the following issues as put forth in an interim report: access to fertility treatments, financing of treatment, couns...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Heyd D

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Therapeutic misconception involves the failure of subjects either to understand or to incorporate into their own expectations the distinctions in nature and purpose of personally responsive therapeutic care, and the generic relationship between subject and investigator which is constrained by research protocols. Resea...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： McConville P

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Political communities across the world have recently sought to tackle rising rates of vaccine hesitancy and refusal, by implementing coercive immunization programs, or by making existing immunization programs more coercive. Many academics and advocates of public health have applauded these policy developments, and the...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Navin MC,Attwell K

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A common reason for giving research participants post-trial access (PTA) to the trial intervention appeals to reciprocity, the principle, stated most generally, that if one person benefits a second, the second should reciprocate: benefit the first in return. Many authors consider it obvious that reciprocity supports P...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Sofaer N

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An educated guess about the future of academic bioethics can only be made on the basis of the historical conditions of its success. According to its official history, which attributes its success primarily to the service it has done for the patient, it should be safe at least as long as the patient still needs its ser...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Epstein M

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In his article 'The substance view: A critique', Rob Lovering argues that the substance view -according to which a human person comes into existence at the moment of conception - leads to such implausible implications that this view should be abandoned. I responded to his reductio arguments in 'A critique of Rob Lover...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Friberg-Fernros H

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Medical tourism (MT) can be conceptualized as the intentional pursuit of non-emergency surgical interventions by patients outside their nation of residence. Despite increasing popular interest in MT, the ethical issues associated with the practice have thus far been under-examined. MT has been associated with a range ...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Snyder J,Crooks V,Johnston R,Kingsbury P

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper argues that the convention of allocating donated gametes on a 'first come, first served' basis should be replaced with an allocation system that takes into account more morally relevant criteria than waiting time. This conclusion was developed using an empirical bioethics methodology, which involved a study...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Jenkins S,Ives J,Avery S,Draper H

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inevitable need for rationing of healthcare has apparently presented the medical profession with the dilemma of choosing the lesser of two evils. Physicians appear to be obliged to adopt either an implausible version of traditional professional ethics or an equally problematic ethics of bedside rationing. The form...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Lauridsen S

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The assumption that people have a right to have children is considered in relation to the question of whether society has an obligation to allocate resources to make clinical in vitro fertilization available, at least to married couples where the woman is infertile and the couple provides the ovum and sperm. The auth...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Uniacke S

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concept of vulnerability has been subject to numerous different interpretations but accounts are still beset with significant problems as to their adequacy, such as their contentious application or the lack of genuine explanatory role for the concept. The constant failure to provide a compelling conceptual analysi...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Wrigley A

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In our previous article on the question whether heroin addicts are able to give informed consent voluntarily to research on heroin-assisted treatment, we criticized the ongoing bioethical discussion of a flawed conceptualization of heroin addicts' options. As a participant in this discussion, Edmund Henden defends the...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Uusitalo S,Broers B

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent ethical and legal challenges have arisen concerning the rights of individuals over their IVF embryos, leading to questions about how, when the wishes of parents regarding their embryos conflict, such situations ought to be resolved. A notion commonly invoked in relation to frozen embryo disputes is that of repr...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Chan S,Quigley M

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Respect for confidentiality is firmly established in codes of ethics and law. Medical care and the patients' trust depend on the ability of the doctors to maintain confidentiality. Without a guarantee of confidentiality, many patients would want to avoid seeking medical assistance The principle of confidentiality, how...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Papadodima SA,Spiliopoulou CA,Sakelliadis EI

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A common strategy in bioethics is to posit a prima facie case in favour of one policy, and to then claim that the burden of proof (that this policy should be rejected) falls on those with opposing views. If the burden of proof is not met, it is claimed, then the policy in question should be accepted. This article illu...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Koplin JJ,Selgelid MJ

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Beauchamp and Childress' definition of autonomous decision-making includes the conditions of intentionality, understanding, and non-control. In genetics, however, a relational conception of autonomy has been increasingly recognized. This article aims to empirically assess aspects of social influence in genetic testing...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Zimmermann BM,Koné I,Shaw D,Elger B

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper considers what should be done about offers of organs for transplant that come with racist strings attached. Saving lives or improving their quality seem powerful reasons to accept the offer. Fairness, justice, and rejecting racism seem like powerful reasons against. This paper argues that conditional alloca...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Wilkinson TM

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Much of the debate about the ethics of abortion has centered on whether the fetus is a person. In an attempt to sidestep this complex issue, I argue that, even if the fetus is not a person, abortion is immoral. To arrive at this conclusion, I argue that giving a fetus fetal alcohol syndrome is immoral, and that if thi...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Hendricks P

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Western studies of national differences in pain have indicated that pain tolerance is higher in white than in Asian patients. The authors' clinical experiences in China seem to contradict this conclusion, and they have investigated the incidence or prevalence of some pain syndromes and have made comparisons with West...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Hu YH,Fang NY

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this paper is to describe the scientific background to the current ethical and legislative debates about the generation and use of human stem cells, and to give an overview of the ethical issues underlying these debates. The ethical issues discussed are 1) stem cells and the status of the embryo, 2) wom...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Holm S

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When applying moral principles to concrete cases, we assume a background shared understanding of the boundaries of the persons to whom the principles apply. In most contexts, this assumption is unproblematic. However, in end-of-life contexts, when patients are receiving 'artificial' life-support, judgments about where...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Jansen LA

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In his article 'Why Moral Philosophers Are Not and Should Not Be Moral Experts' David Archard attempts to show that his argument from common-sense morality is more convincing than other competing arguments in the debate. I examine his main line of argumentation and eventually refute his main argument in my reply. ...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Gordon JS

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper I discuss the view that the appropriate concept of competence is a decision-relative one: that a person may be competent to make one decision but not another. The argument that I present is that neither of the two competing theories supporting the decision-relative approach, internalism and externalism, ...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Buller T

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper considers Habermas' model of a post-secular political order in the light of the debate on male circumcision that arose in Germany after a court ruled that male circumcision was an unjustifiable act of bodily harm. Central to this model is the idea that religious reasons can only become effective in central ...

journal_title：Bioethics

authors： Greve J

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00