Global analysis of a bacterial cell cycle: tracking down necessary functions and their regulators.

abstract：:The recent availability of extensive metagenomic sequences from various environmental microbial communities has extended the postgenomic era to the field of environmental microbiology. Although still restricted to a small number of studies, metaproteomic investigations have revealed interesting aspects of functional g...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Wilmes P,Bond PL

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:No curative drug against HIV has yet been found, despite enormous efforts aimed at reverse transcriptase and a variety of other targets. The long terminal repeat (LTR) of HIV-1 has recently become a promising site for antiviral action. This article briefly summarizes information on the nature of this target and potent...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Li CJ,Dezube BJ,Biswas DK,Ahlers CM,Pardee AB

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oncogenic viruses have evolved direct and indirect mechanisms to overcome the tumour suppressor p53. Fortunately, tumour development is limited by the narrow cell tropisms of the viruses concerned and the host immune response. However, such viruses are helping to elucidate the p53 response pathway and may play a futur...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Neil JC,Cameron ER,Baxter EW

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Meningococcal infection remains a worldwide health problem, and understanding the mechanisms by which Neisseria meningitidis evades host innate and acquired immunity is crucial. The complement system is vital for protecting individuals against N. meningitidis. However, this pathogen has evolved several mechanisms to a...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Schneider MC,Exley RM,Ram S,Sim RB,Tang CM

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathogenic Yersinia express a complex array of iron-regulated functions and possess mechanisms for inorganic iron and hemin acquisition. These include a unique temperature-regulated hemin storage system, high-affinity transport processes for hemin and inorganic iron, and an iron-responsive regulatory system controllin...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Perry RD

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enveloped viruses encode membrane-associated glycoproteins that direct the initial stages of virus infection. These usually oligomeric structures bind virions to cell surface receptors and, subsequently, direct fusion of viral membranes with cellular membranes. These structures are also the primary targets of neutrali...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Morrison TG

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Key skills such as communication and critical thinking are essential for today's microbiology graduate. There are many opportunities within the undergraduate curriculum to help students to use, develop and appreciate their own unique set of skills. This article describes personal experiences of research-led teaching a...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Verran J

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolution of virulence in Salmonella is driven by horizontal gene transfer. This has given rise to highly flexible pathogens that are able to colonize new niches and extend their host range. Tracing the record of horizontal gene transfer can provide clues to the virulence factors that contribute to the formation o...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Bäumler AJ

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The formation of biofilms is initiated by bacteria transitioning from the planktonic to the surface-associated mode of growth. Several regulatory systems have been described to govern the initiation and subsequent formation of biofilms. Recent evidence suggests that regulatory networks governing the decision of bacter...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Chambers JR,Sauer K

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The dramatic clinical manifestations of toxigenic infections such as cholera and diphtheria occur without substantial bacterial invasion. Disease is mediated by the secretion of potent toxins that use ADP-ribosylation as the catalytic mechanism underlying their action. ADP-ribosylating toxins comprise a large family, ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Lesnick ML,Guiney DG

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxin production clearly contributes to the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus, but that does not mean it is always in the best interest of the pathogen. Indeed, the ability to limit toxin production may provide an important mechanism for persistence, dissemination, and development of invasive disease within an ind...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Smeltzer MS

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial motility relies chiefly on the rotation of a molecular propeller, the flagellar filament, which is constructed from the protein flagellin. Here, flagellin sequence conservation and diversity is examined in the light of the recently determined flagellar filament structure. As expected, the surface-exposed dom...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Beatson SA,Minamino T,Pallen MJ

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rolling circle DNA replication is inherently continuous and unregulated. This 'go-for-broke' strategy works well for lytic phages but is suicidal for plasmids that must coexist with their host. Plasmids have consequently evolved elaborate copy number control systems that operate at the transcriptional, translational a...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Rasooly A,Rasooly RS

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell-density-dependent gene expression is widespread in bacteria and is mediated by extracellular communication molecules. Gram-negative bacteria often use N-acyl homoserine lactones, whereas cell-cell signaling in Gram-positive bacteria is accomplished using post-translationally processed peptide pheromones. In many ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Michiels J,Dirix G,Vanderleyden J,Xi C

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pantoea agglomerans has been transformed from a commensal bacterium associated with many plants into a host-specific gall-forming pathogen by acquiring a plasmid-borne pathogenicity island. This pathogenicity island harbors the hrp/hrc gene cluster, in addition to genes encoding type III effector proteins, biosynthesi...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Barash I,Manulis-Sasson S

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gram-positive bacterial lipoproteins are a functionally diverse and important class of peripheral membrane proteins. Recent advances in molecular biology and the availability of whole genome sequence data have overturned many long-held assumptions about the export and processing of these proteins, most notably the rec...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Hutchings MI,Palmer T,Harrington DJ,Sutcliffe IC

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cryptococcosis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide, particularly among AIDS patients. Yet, to date, there are no licensed vaccines clinically available to treat or prevent cryptococcosis. In this review, we provide a rationale to support continued investment in Cryptococcus vaccine resear...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Caballero Van Dyke MC,Wormley FL Jr

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterial type IV pilus (T4P) is a versatile molecular machine with a broad range of functions. Recent advances revealed that the molecular components and the biophysical properties of the machine are well conserved among phylogenetically distant bacterial species. However, its functions are diverse, and include a...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Maier B,Wong GCL

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The blood-brain barrier (BBB) provides significant protection against microbial invasion of the brain. However, the BBB is not impenetrable, and mechanisms by which viruses breach it are becoming clearer. In vivo and in vitro model systems are enabling identification of host and viral factors contributing to breakdown...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Spindler KR,Hsu TH

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuronotropic viruses induce apoptosis in neurons, and Bcl-2-related anti-apoptotic proteins and caspase inhibitors decrease mortality from acute viral encephalitis. Infected neurons develop cytoplasmic blebbing characteristic of apoptosis, but a paucity of apoptotic nuclear changes potentially indicates unique aspect...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Griffin DE,Hardwick JM

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deadly infections from opportunistic fungi have risen in frequency, largely because of the at-risk immunocompromised population created by advances in modern medicine and the HIV/AIDS pandemic. This review focuses on dynamics of the fungal polysaccharide cell wall, which plays an outsized role in fungal pathogenesis a...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Hopke A,Brown AJP,Hall RA,Wheeler RT

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In bacteria, Ca(2+) is implicated in a wide variety of cellular processes, including the cell cycle and cell division. Dedicated influx and efflux systems tightly control the low cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels in prokaryotes. Additionally, the growing number of proteins containing various Ca(2+)-binding motifs supports the...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Michiels J,Xi C,Verhaert J,Vanderleyden J

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Superantigens are a diverse collection of molecules that share the ability to activate specific lymphocyte subsets. In animal models, many of these molecules delete T-cell populations or render them anergic. The clinical impact of superantigens is significant, but much of their pathophysiology remains unclear. ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Michie CA,Cohen J

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The major regulator of sporulation initiation in Bacillus subtilis is the phosphorelay, a multicomponent signal transduction system. A myriad of signals, both positive and negative, from the environment, cell cycle and metabolism is received and interpreted by the phosphorelay and integrated through the opposing activ...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Perego M

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Viruses have evolved complex and dynamic interactions with their host cell. In recent years we have gained insight into the expanding roles for host lipids in the virus life cycle. In particular, viruses target lipid signaling, synthesis, and metabolism to remodel their host cells into an optimal environment for their...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Heaton NS,Randall G

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vaccines preventing seasonal influenza infections save many lives every year; however, due to rapid viral evolution, they have to be updated frequently to remain effective. To identify appropriate vaccine strains, the World Health Organization (WHO) operates a global program that continually generates and interprets s...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Klingen TR,Reimering S,Guzmán CA,McHardy AC

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Archaea include microorganisms growing in some of the most extreme environments on earth. Consequently, their cellular components are remarkably stable entities and have considerable potential in the biotechnology industry. Here, we review the structure of archaeal enzymes in the context of their ability to functi...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Danson MJ,Hough DW

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is usually assumed that most prokaryotes, when given appropriate nutrients, can grow and divide in the absence of other cells of the same species. However, recent studies have suggested that, for growth, prokaryotes need to communicate with each other using signalling molecules, and a variety of 'eukaryotic' hormon...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Kaprelyants AS,Kell DB

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of Bacillus anthracis virulence factors in its pathogenesis has been subjected to intense investigation with the aim of finding novel preventive and therapeutic protocols. Toxins that are endocytosed and act in the cytosol of host cells have a central role in B. anthracis infection. Understanding of anthrax t...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Puhar A,Montecucco C

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Growing concerns about global climate change and energy dependence have led to an increased effort to reduce carbon emissions. A considerable reduction could be achieved by using biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass instead of fossil fuels. One major bottleneck of biofuel production from lignocellulose is the availab...

journal_title：Trends in microbiology

authors： Hess M

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00