Abstract:
:La Vaque and Rossiter made a strong, supported argument that it is unethical to use a "no treatment" control group in a research study if a known, effective treatment is available. Their argument is based on the supposition that the Declaration of Helsinki is the ethical world standard for research with humans. Their argument appears to be straightforward, but is not simple to apply. The issues are very complex, include issues not discussed in their argument, and can lead to a different conclusion as pointed out in this paper. The World Medical Association developed the Declaration of Helsinki as one of their official policies. The Declaration of Helsinki, however, is not accepted as the world ethical standard, as demonstrated by its lack of adoption by many professional associations or even by the United States Federal Government. Perhaps it is not mentioned because its ethical provisions are aspirational rather than mandatory as implied by La Vaque and Rossiter. Researchers and clinicians should also be aware of other ethical issues not directly discussed in the La Vaque and Rossiter paper. The Belmont Report is the basis for the ethical protection of human research subjects for at least 17 federal agencies and does not mention the Declaration of Helsinki. The Belmont Report mentions several ethical principles that form the basis for informed consent, risk/benefit assessment, confidentiality of data, subject selection, Institutional Review Boards, and other protections needed when doing research with human subjects. At least 2 of these core principles have direct implications to the discussion related to the use of placebo controls. The ethical principle of fidelity is also important in guiding research activities with human subjects. Researchers should be familiar with the La Vaque and Rossiter argument, the Belmont Report, and the federal policies developed to implement the provisions of that report, for example, Regulation 45 CFR 46.
journal_name
Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedbackjournal_title
Applied psychophysiology and biofeedbackauthors
Striefel Sdoi
10.1023/a:1009515621157subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-03-01 00:00:00pages
39-59; discussion 67-71issue
1eissn
1090-0586issn
1573-3270journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common developmental disorders in school-aged children. Symptoms consistent with ADHD have been observed in 8-77 % of children with epilepsy. Researchers have been motivated to search for alternative forms of treatment because 30 % of patients with ADH...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-015-9314-9
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a growing interest in the application of psychophysiological signals in more applied settings. Unidirectional sensory motor rhythm-training (SMR) has demonstrated consistent effects on sleep. In this study the main aim was to analyze to what extent participants could gain voluntary control over sleep-related ...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-017-9384-y
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study used ambient heart rate monitoring among health care workers to determine whether a novel measure of heart rate variability (HRV), as well as sleep disturbances, fatigue, or cognitive performance differed among non-rotating night shift nurses relative to those working permanent day shifts. Continuous ambula...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-018-9419-z
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback has been reported to increase HRV while decreasing symptoms in patients with mental disorders. In addition, associations between low HRV and lowered self-regulation were found in non-clinical samples, e.g., in individuals with strong chocolate cravings or unsuccessful dieting. ...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s10484-012-9197-y
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stressed and tense individuals often are recommended to change the way they breathe. However, psychophysiological effects of breathing instructions on respiration are rarely measured. We tested the immediate effects of short and simple breathing instructions in 13 people seeking treatment for panic disorder, 15 people...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-007-9034-x
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Standardized neurofeedback (NF) protocols have been extensively evaluated in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, such protocols do not account for the large EEG heterogeneity in ADHD. Thus, individualized approaches have been suggested to improve the clinical outcome. In this direction, an open-l...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-014-9257-6
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leptin, identified as an antiobesity hormone, also has important role in responses to stress and processing of memory. This study was designed to determine effects of academic examination stress-induced changes in serum leptin and its impact on academic performance. Eighty five healthy female students (age 19-21 years...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-015-9301-1
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of EEG biofeedback for treatment of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) in a patient with multiple sclerosis. The patient was a 47-year-old female who has been experiencing several PNES types after being diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. She u...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-020-09496-7
更新日期:2021-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) is the most common psychiatric disorder of childhood and has been extensively researched using EEG technology. Within this literature, one of the most widely examined measures has been the theta/beta ratio. The theta/beta ratio was initially hypothesised to represent th...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-018-09428-6
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current study examined cardiovascular reactivity and recovery during memory testing in a sample of 28 younger and 28 older adults. Heart rate (HR) levels were measured before, during, and after a memory test (word list recall). Contrary to prediction, older adults did not have a blunted cardiovascular response to ...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-009-9113-2
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This controlled pilot study explored the effects of biofeedback assisted relaxation (BFRT) in neurocardiogenic syncope. Twenty-two patients who completed a 2-week pretest, were randomized to either treatment or wait list control, followed by a 2-week posttreatment/control period. Treatment comprised electromyograph an...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1023/a:1024664629676
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback is an emerging treatment for many health conditions involving dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system including hypertension, gastric pain, anxiety, and depression. Hiccups are frequently considered an annoyance. However, when intractable (lasting over 1 month), they can ...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-013-9215-8
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is argued that the Type D person experiences increased distress when encountering social situations, which results in altered stress responding. However, little is known about how Type D individuals behave or feel during social interactions. Using a within-subjects design, the present study examined the physiologic...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-018-9397-1
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the impact of a new stress management program on physiological and psychological stress and health risk factors among 75 correctional officers. The experimental group received training in emotion self-regulation techniques intended to reduce stress and health risk factors. Practice of the techn...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-009-9087-0
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vigilance decrement in performance is a significant operational issue in various applied settings. Psychophysiological methods for diagnostic monitoring of vigilance have focused on power spectral density measures from the electroencephalogram (EEG). This article addresses the diagnosticity of an alternative set o...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-020-09461-4
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed efficacy of biofeedback therapy and home pelvic floor muscle exercises in children with dysfunctional voiding (DV) associated with mild to moderate hydronephrosis. This prospective study comprised fifty seven children (21 boys, 36 girls; mean age 8.9 ± 2.6) with DV and mild to moderate hydronephrosis. Chil...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-020-09474-z
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Instructions to voluntarily suppress memories of a mock crime have been reported to result in decreased P300 amplitude during a P300-based concealed information test (CIT) and reduced autobiographical Implicit Association Test (aIAT) D scores, supporting successful suppression. However, one such study, (Hu et al., Psy...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s10484-016-9348-7
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises a constellation of metabolic abnormalities that substantially increase risk for chronic illnesses. Autonomic dysregulation is closely linked to MetS, and while pathophysiological models often address chronic stress exposure, none have examined how such physiological contributions op...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-017-9355-3
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The paper deals with the links between physiological measurements and cognitive and emotional functioning. As long as the operator is a key agent in charge of complex systems, the definition of metrics able to predict his performance is a great challenge. The measurement of the physiological state is a very promising ...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-009-9115-0
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies that have examined the relationship between personality characteristics and tension headache have arrived at conflicting and, for the most part, negative results. In recent years, a number of investigators have begun examining the relationship between anger and psychophysiological disorders, focusing mostly on...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1026267927014
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emotion regulation plays a key role in mental health and psychopathology. Therefore, it seems important to develop effective forms of emotion regulation. Implementation intentions are if-then plans that help people attain their self-regulatory goals. Perspective-taking and response-focused implementation intentions ha...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-015-9280-2
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioral psychophysiological treatment entailing Slow Cortical Potential (SCP) biofeedback training and behavioral self-control training was conducted with a 27-year-old male epileptic patient (seizures for 23 years) with Wechsler IQ 64 who underwent callosotomy. The patient had 12/week secondary generalized tonic-c...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1022299422116
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Situation selection is an emotion regulation strategy consisting in choosing a future emotional situation. Past research showed that Situation selection triggers a decrease in negative experience, exocrine reactions and respiratory activity, while maintaining stable positive experience. In this study, we wanted to rep...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-020-09484-x
更新日期:2020-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::Test Anxiety is a widespread psychological phenomenon. With prevalence rates of 20-40 percent of university students, it impedes adaptive functioning and life quality. Many available treatments for Test Anxiety involve the intervention of clinicians and usually a few months are required before symptom reduction is rep...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-020-09494-9
更新日期:2021-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the autonomic nervous system and homeostatic changes associated with emotions remains a major challenge for neuroscientists and a fundamental prerequisite to treat anxiety, stress, and emotional disorders. Based on recent publications, the inter-relationship between respiration and emotions and the influ...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10484-015-9279-8
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent research suggesting that nicotine cues are appetitive in nature promotes the affective modulation of the startle reflex (AMSR) paradigm as a potentially valuable psychophysiological tool for elucidating mechanisms involved in nicotine addiction. Despite numerous studies indicating stress as a key factor in nico...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-014-9266-5
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alpha/theta neurofeedback training is supposed to enhance cognitive performance as well as alleviate psychiatric disorders. Sleep during this training is regarded a confounding factor, although it is usually not controlled. Here, the amount of sleep, the impact of sleep on frequency results and the validity of subject...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-015-9278-9
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asthma is a common disease whose morbidity and mortality are rapidly increasing. Panic disorder is common in asthma. Panic, other negative emotions, and a passive coping orientation may affect asthma by producing hyperventilation, increased general autonomic lability, a specific pattern of autonomic arousal that may c...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1022170028979
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Persistent pain is a common health problem for older adults, age 60+, with a prevalence twice that in younger adults. Yet, older adults with chronic pain and headache are underrepresented in behaviorally oriented clinical programs that have proven effective for younger adults. A review of the literature indicates that...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1016208128254
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV-BF) has been confirmed to increase heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiac outflows by baroreflex in healthy populations and clinical patients. Autogenic training (AT) is common used in the psychological intervention. This study integrates a single-session of HRV-BF and AT into...
journal_title:Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10484-020-09483-y
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00