Abstract：
:A standardized surgical procedure to implant an eight-channel functional neuromuscular stimulation system in the lower extremities for standing, exercise, and transfers for individuals with spinal cord injury has been developed. The implanted components include: (1) one eight-channel receiver-stimulator, (2) epimysial electrodes, (3) intramuscular electrodes, and (4) inline connectors. The development process included identifying the target muscle set for electrode placement and the corresponding surgical approaches, determining the stages of the surgical procedure, and assessing the effectiveness and stability of the implanted neuroprosthesis. The bilateral muscle set consists of the vastus lateralis, the gluteus maximus, the semimembranosus, and the erector spinae. Surgical approaches to the nerve entry points were developed through a series of cadaveric studies and intraoperative tests. Electrode placement is related to bony landmarks and based on standard orthopaedic approaches. The components of the neuroprosthesis are installed in one surgical session, with three stages. This procedure has been applied successfully in seven individuals, resulting in strong, isolated stimulated contractions adequate to raise and lower the body, maintain standing with a walker, and perform pivot transfers. The standardized surgical procedure is repeatable and teachable and will be used in upcoming multicenter clinical trials of the implanted neuroprosthesis.
journal_name
Clin Orthop Relat Resjournal_title
Clinical orthopaedics and related researchauthors
Davis JA Jr,Triolo RJ,Uhlir JP,Bhadra N,Lissy DA,Nandurkar S,Marsolais EBdoi
10.1097/00003086-200104000-00035subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-04-01 00:00:00pages
237-52issue
385eissn
0009-921Xissn
1528-1132pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:A new mouse osteopetrotic mutation, osteosclerosis, has been examined with respect to rickets. These osteopetrotic mice were hypocalcemic and hypophosphatemic, and had greatly thickened epiphyseal plates with abnormalities in matrix vesicles when compared with normal littermates. Such biochemic and morphologic manifes...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Information regarding national trends in bilateral TKAs is needed for a rational allocation of resources, policy making, and research. Therefore, we analyzed data from the National Hospital Discharge Survey to elucidate temporal changes in the demographics, comorbidity profiles, hospital stay, and in-hospita...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11999-008-0610-z
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seventy-five uncemented porous-coated total hip prostheses were implanted in 64 patients. The results were reviewed after a mean follow-up period of 47 months (range, 40-64 months). The mean preoperative rating was fair, and the mean postoperative rating was excellent. There were six dislocations. Ten patients had mil...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two hundred sixteen patients were treated by a simplified unilateral posterior lumbar interbody fusion (U-PLIF) in which the disc was removed and replaced by bone. The disc was approached far laterally by removing two-thirds of the superior facet preserving most of the ligamentum flavum, removing the disc, decorticati...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:If hinged prostheses are revised with smaller and nonhinged prostheses, do these implants provide adequate fixation, do massive bone grafts in combination with smaller implants reinforce host bone stock, do less constrained prostheses restore ligament tension, and do they avoid problems of the extensor mechanism? To a...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/01.blo.0000127586.10230.cc
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When perichondrium-free pieces of embryonic quail epiphyseal cartilage are incubated on the chorioallantoic membranes of chick embryos, 2 developmental changes are observed. First, most grafts develop a periosteum in which the osteoblasts and osteocytes are of donor, i.e., chondrocytic origin. No such periosteum is ob...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00003086-197711000-00042
更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The trauma pandemic disproportionately kills and maims citizens of low-income countries although the immediate cause of the trauma is often an industrial export of a high-income country, such as a motor vehicle. Addressing the trauma pandemic in low-income countries requires access to relevant research information reg...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11999-008-0397-y
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some patients who had cervical laminoplasty with subsequent substantial loss of cervical lordosis have shown failed healing of a repaired semispinalis cervicis. We also have identified some patients in whom it is difficult to repair the C2 spinous process during laminoplasty. We therefore quantitatively analyzed the m...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/01.blo.0000160710.11991.33
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twenty-one patients older than 60 years of age with septic arthritis were reviewed over a ten-year period. The knee was the joint most commonly involved. Concurrent medical illnesses were noted in the majority of patients, with diabetes mellitus present in 24%. Seventy-one percent of patients had roentgenographic evid...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The oxidative stability of various antioxidant-containing ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) formulations has been widely reported. Depending on which specific antioxidant is used, the process by which it is incorporated into UHMWPE, and the amount of the antioxidant incorporated, there could b...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11999-014-4108-6
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both total knee alignment methods, the anatomic and classic, seek to achieve stability in flexion and extension. However, posterior femoral condyle referencing (anatomic alignment) combined with perpendicular tibial resection (classic alignment) results in a 3 degree relative internal rotation of the femoral component...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00003086-200201000-00029
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:All patients treated by total hip arthroplasty (THA) from 1971 to 1980 were analyzed to assess cause and rate of revision. Multiparameter radiographic analysis of failed femoral components ( FFC ) and matched control THAs was performed to determine predictability of failure, based on initial postarthroplasty and subse...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A human osteosarcoma cell line, HuO9, was established from a tumor that was heterotransplanted into athymic nude mice. Antiserum against nude mouse spleen cells was added to the early passage cultures to eliminate the host fibroblastic cells. The cell line retained a high activity of liver/bone/kidney-type alkaline ph...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two children with premature partial arrest of the tibial physis, one proximal and the other distal, were treated by resection of the bony bar and by the Langenskiold method of interposition of fat. In one child the arrest was the result of an open fracture and bony loss of the upper tibia. In the other child the arres...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A classification of tibial shaft fractures based on etiology, morphology, and clinical features is documented in a series of 291 fractures treated by AO/ASIF rigid internal fixation. The fractures were placed in nine main fracture groups, each with three subgroups according to location in the proximal, middle, or dist...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Moiré topography, a simple technique for three-dimensional quantitation, was used to provide interference fringe photographs of the human back with sufficient accuracy to be used for detecting children with asymmetry due to scoliosis. Experimental equipment, built and tested at the National Research Council of Canada,...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00003086-197711000-00019
更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:We describe the condylar cutoff sign, a radiographic sign in knees with a discoid lateral meniscus, for diagnosis of complete discoid meniscus. We retrospectively reviewed tunnel-view radiographs of 100 patients (100) knees including 50 with complete discoid lateral meniscus and 50 with normal menisci. All p...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11999-008-0447-5
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cells of cartilage are constantly remodeling the matrix in which they are suspended. The stimulus to initiate remodeling is probably the chondrocyte's response to physical and or chemical changes in the environment. Heat, pressure, friction, load, pH, and growth are examples of such factors, which, if altered, wou...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paget's disease of bone in 51 patients was treated with ethane-1, hydroxy-1,1 diphosphonate (EHDP) for six months at a dosage of 5 mg/kg/day. Clinically, the analgesic effect on bone pain is clear, with parallel reduction in radioisotope uptake observed by quantitative bone scintigraphy. There is also a reduction of a...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polycentric total knee arthroplasty has been performed at the Mayo Clinic on more than 1,600 knees since July 1970. Two groups of 106 and 101 knee arthroplasties performed between July 1970 and July 1971 and June 1971 and January 1972, respectively, were compared at 5 and 7 years. The technique used exposed the joint ...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twenty-eight joints with heterotopic ossification in 16 head-injured adults were forcefully manipulated 39 times under general anesthesia. The etiology of the heterotopic bone was trauma in seven joints and idiopathic (neurogenic) in 21. Indications for manipulation were inability to participate in therapy due to a lo...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Zickel intramedullary fixation device was used to treat 26 patients with subtrochanteric or impending subtrochanteric fractures. The use of this device has advantages over traditional traction methods as well as nail plate fixation. Twenty-two patients were ambulatory within one month following surgery. Healing of...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ectopic bone formation (EBF) is a well-known complication of total hip arthroplasty (THA). The etiology and pathogenesis are still obscure. An analysis of 119 consecutive patients with 129 primary THAs was performed to identify factors predisposing to ectopic bone formation, its frequency, and its effect on the result...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A spectrum of medical problems, including self-limited acute mountain sickness, high-altitude retinopathy, and the potentially fatal high-altitude pulmonary and cerebral edemas, may afflict residents and sojourners at higher elevations. However, appropriate prevention and prompt recognition will minimize the impact of...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Rotating-hinge total knee prostheses may be used for the treatment of global instability about the knee. The designs of previous generations were associated with suboptimal outcomes. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES:We evaluated the clinical and radiographic outcomes of salvage knee reconstructions using modern-generatio...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11999-009-1226-7
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:There are many causes of total knee arthroplasty failure, and an accurate preoperative diagnosis is essential to optimize the results of revision surgery. We discuss our standard pre-operative evaluation routine and we retrospectively reviewed the last 295 patients who underwent revision total knee arthropla...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/01.blo.0000218727.14097.d5
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Successful outcome of total shoulder arthroplasty depends on a well-designed and a well-executed physical therapy program. For maximal benefit, the program is usually initiated immediately after surgery and follows a logical pattern of joint mobilization followed by muscle strengthening. The process proceeds through a...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ultrastructural changes occurring in rabbit hyaline cartilage were studied during the early stages of antigen-induced arthritis. After one hour, small deposits of electron-dense material (EDM) were noted at depths up to about 3 micron from the surface. During subsequent stages, the number of EDM deposits did not incre...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Fractures of the femur after a knee or hip arthroplasty historically have been plagued with high complication rates. The Less Invasive Stabilization System (LISS) has theoretical advantages of improved biomechanics and limited insult to the bone's vascular supply. We theorized that the LISS would have a lowe...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/01.blo.0000223987.59702.17
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For evaluation of both the anterolateral and posterior approaches to total hip arthroplasty as alternatives to the transtrochanteric approach, 269 replacement procedures in 237 patients were reviewed. Follow-up periods ranged from 24 to 71 months (average, 38.2 months). The anterolateral approach was used in 91 hips, ...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
