Plasminogen activation in experimental permanent focal cerebral ischemia.

abstract：:The present study was designed to examine the trophic effect of sympathetic nerves on cerebrovascular hypertrophy in developmental hypertension. Unilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy was performed in spontaneously hypertensive rats at 4 weeks of age, and wall-to-lumen ratios of cerebral arteries were determined ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Sadoshima S,Fujii K,Yao H,Ibayashi S,Fujishima M

更新日期：1986-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:In response to in vitro stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), microglia induce the production of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) together with nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2(-)). Here we investigated the role of NO and O2(-) in the signaling mechanism by which IL-1β is induced in ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Sudo K,Takezawa Y,Kohsaka S,Nakajima K

更新日期：2015-11-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Behavioral assessments of mouse models of neurodegenerative disorders are useful for investigating the molecular basis of the pathologies of the diseases. Here, we investigated the utility of a water-finding test using a video tracking system as a tool for evaluating cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease model mic...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Kishimoto Y,Higashihara E,Fukuta A,Nagao A,Kirino Y

更新日期：2013-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Embryonic cortex from 19-day fetuses was transplanted in a medial frontal cortex wound cavity of 105-day-old male rats. Nissl-stained tissue revealed little internal laminar organization. Graft sections impregnated by the Loyez method exhibited bands of myelinated fibers surrounding implants as well as long-interconne...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Mufson EJ,Labbe R,Stein DG

更新日期：1987-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The pretectal olivary nucleus of the squirrel monkey was examined in both normal and autoradiographic material. In the Nissl- and fiber-stained tissue the nucleus appears as a laminated structure. The distribution of retinal terminals within the nucleus was examined by the autoradiographic tracing method. These data r...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Weber JT,Young R,Hutchins B

更新日期：1981-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present study, uptake of glutamine by rat cerebellar granule cells, a predominantly glutamatergic nerve cell population, has been investigated. Glutamine is taken up by granule cells via at least three transport systems, A, ASC and L. The L-type low affinity system (K(m) = 2.6 mM) is the major transport system ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Su TZ,Campbell GW,Oxender DL

更新日期：1997-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin-like 6 immunoreactivity (irINSL6) was detected in Leydig cells of the mouse testis. In the brain, labeled somata were detected mainly in the caudal hypothalamus and midbrain. Double labeling the brainstem sections revealed that irINSL6 somata were 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) positive. The presence of irINSL6 in...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Brailoiu GC,Dun SL,Yin D,Yang J,Chang JK,Dun NJ

更新日期：2005-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Substance P(SP), the heptapeptide SP and the stable analogue (p-Glu5-MePhe8-MeGly9) SP (DiMe-C7) induce a Ca2+-dependent release of Met5-enkephalin (MET) from slices of periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) and striatum of rats. The MET release from striatal slices is greater than that from PAG slices because of the higher...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Del Río J,Naranjo JR,Yang HY,Costa E

更新日期：1983-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:A newly discovered cell-to-cell communication system involves small, membrane-enveloped nanovesicles, called exosomes. We describe here how these extracellular nanoparticles were discovered and how it became gradually apparent that they play fundamental roles in regulation of physiological functions and pathological p...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Kawikova I,Askenase PW

更新日期：2015-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined whether cardiac beta-adrenoceptor (beta-AR) function was altered in conscious rats with lesions surrounding the anteroventral third ventricle (AV3V). The findings were: (1) beta(1,2)-AR-mediated tachycardia was similar in sham and AV3V-lesion rats, (2) beta(3)- and/or atypical beta-AR-mediated tach...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Whalen EJ,Schoorlemmer GH,Beltz TG,Johnson AK,Lewis SJ

更新日期：2001-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Because brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) are frequently recorded in anesthetized animals and humans, it is important to become familiar with the effects on the BAEP of drugs used during anesthesia, including pre-anesthetics. The dose-dependent and stimulus intensity-dependent effects on the BAEP of a pre-a...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Church MW,Gritzke R

更新日期：1988-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Fast B neurons in bullfrog sympathetic ganglia were voltage clamped with two microelectrodes. Acetylcholine (ACh) was applied onto the soma membrane by iontophoresis. A rapid nicotinic inward current was followed by a slow muscarinic inward current. After an addition of scopolamine to Ringer solution so as to block th...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tokimasa T,North RA

更新日期：1984-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors (AMPAR) which crucially modify maturational programs of the developing brain are involved in seizure-induced glutamate excitotoxicity and apoptosis. Regulatory effects on AMPAR subunit composition and RNA-editing in the developing brain and their significance as therapeutic targets are no...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Jung S,Ballheimer YE,Brackmann F,Zoglauer D,Geppert CI,Hartmann A,Trollmann R

更新日期：2020-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:After treatment with pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), cholecystokinin (CCK) mRNA and CCK-like immunoreactivity (CCK-LI) levels were determined in rat hippocampus and cortex at different time points. In the temporal cortex treatment with 60 mg/kg PTZ, i.p., induced increases of CCK mRNA and CCK-LI levels at 2 days after the in...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Takeda K,Nakata K,Takahashi S,Chikuma T,Kato T

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the adult central nervous system (CNS), GABA and glycine (Gly) are predominant inhibitory neurotransmitters, negatively regulating glutamatergic transmission. In the immature CNS, on the other hand, they act as trophic factors, mediating morphogenesis. In the present study, to investigate their involvement in axona...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tatetsu M,Kim J,Kina S,Sunakawa H,Takayama C

更新日期：2012-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The localization of the glycine cleavage system was examined in the rat brain by immunohistochemistry using an antibody to P-protein (a constituent of the system). In all sites studied, the enzyme was confined to the astrocytes. The intensity of astrocyte staining varied in different brain regions, with the strongest ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Sato K,Yoshida S,Fujiwara K,Tada K,Tohyama M

更新日期：1991-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have supported the existence of projections to the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus that arise from non-catecholaminergic neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract, whose terminal distribution is suggestive of interactions with both parvocellular and magnocellular neurosecret...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Sawchenko PE,Pfeiffer SW

更新日期：1995-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) develop severe hypertension and cerebrovascular lesions. We investigated the influence of dietary supplementation with L-arginine, an amino acid precursor of endothelium-derived nitric oxide, on blood pressure and stroke in these rats. L-Arginine, administered in th...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Stier CT Jr,Sim GJ,Levine S

更新日期：1991-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment of castrated quail with testosterone (T) reliably activates male copulatory behavior and, at the same time, increases the aromatase activity (AA), the number of aromatase-immunoreactive (ARO-ir) cells and the concentration of aromatase mRNA as measured by RT-PCR in the brain. All these effects can be mimicke...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Foidart A,Tlemçani O,Harada N,Abe-Dohmae S,Balthazart J

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ion channels are integral membrane proteins that allow passive diffusion of ions across membranes. In neurons and in other excitable cells, the harmonious coordination between the numerous types of ion channels shape and propagate electrical signals. Increased accumulation of reactive oxidative species (ROS), and subs...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Patel R,Sesti F

更新日期：2016-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The specific binding of [3H]neurotensin binding to the rat striatum was characterized and its localization investigated by using frontal cortex ablations and the neurotoxins kainic acid and 6-hydroxydopamine. Scatchard analysis indicated the existence of a single population of binding sites and the potencies of variou...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Goedert M,Pittaway K,Emson PC

更新日期：1984-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The location and morphological characteristics of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-immunopositive cells and their processes were studied in rat and mouse first somatosensory (SI) cortex (including 'barrels') in layer IV, and layers above (I-III), and below (V and VI). In coronal sections of SI cortex of both species GAB...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Chmielowska J,Stewart MG,Bourne RC

更新日期：1988-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Error processing during motor control involves the evaluation of "high-level" errors (i.e., failures to meet a system goal) by a frontal system involving anterior cingulate cortex and the evaluation of "low-level" errors (i.e., discrepancies between actual and desired motor commands) by a posterior system involving po...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Krigolson OE,Holroyd CB

更新日期：2007-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of the study was to investigate creativity in relation to brain function by assessing creative thinking in various neurological populations. Several measures were employed to assess different facets of creative thinking in clinical groups with frontal lobe, basal ganglia or parietal-temporal lesions rela...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Abraham A,Beudt S,Ott DV,Yves von Cramon D

更新日期：2012-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Earlier studies in this laboratory have shown that partial serotonergic (5-HT) deafferentation from the hippocampus induced a homotypic sprouting. The 5-HT-denervated hippocampus was further found to be a favorable environment for the growth of grafted 5-HT, but not for norepinephrinergic neurons. In the current study...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Zhou FC,Azmitia EC

更新日期：1990-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Reports suggested that the predominant site of action for the antihypertensive effects of clonidine is the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVL), the presumed tonic vasomotor center. This study examined whether clonidine directly interacts with nerve terminal alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in the RVL to inhibit the releas...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tingley FD 3rd,Arnerić SP

更新日期：1990-12-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Choline is an essential nutrient whose availability during the second half of gestation produces long-lasting cognitive effects. Rats that obtain supplemental choline during embryonic day (E) 11-17 have enhanced depolarization-evoked acetylcholine (ACh) release from hippocampal slices, whereas choline deficiency durin...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Napoli I,Blusztajn JK,Mellott TJ

更新日期：2008-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:An investigation of reflex responses of leg muscles to sural stimulation during stepping was performed on human subjects. Non-noxious electrical stimulation applied during the swing phase or the latter half of the stance phase produced a mixed increase and decrease of EMG activity in the hamstring muscles. No response...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Kanda K,Sato H

更新日期：1983-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Structural and functional alterations of the putamen have been reported in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but the functional relationships between this area and other brain regions are seldom explored. In the present study, seed-based correlation analyses were performed in the resting-s...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Cao X,Cao Q,Long X,Sun L,Sui M,Zhu C,Zuo X,Zang Y,Wang Y

更新日期：2009-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The contribution of the pedunculopontine nucleus to exploratory locomotion was investigated in rats. Locomotor activity recorded in a standard open-field apparatus was increased more than two-fold when wooden panels were inserted. This novelty-elicited locomotion was reduced significantly when procaine was injected bi...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Mogenson GJ,Wu M,Tsai CT

更新日期：1989-04-24 00:00:00