Abstract:
:Dietary energy restriction is the only proven method for extending lifespan and slowing aging in mammals, while maintaining health and vitality. Although the first experiments in this area were conducted over 60 y ago in rodents, possible applicability to primates has only been examined in controlled studies since 1987. Our project at the National Institute on Aging began with 3-0 male rhesus and 30 male squirrel monkeys of various ages over their respective life spans. Subsequently, it has been expanded to include female rhesus monkeys, and several other laboratories have initiated related studies. Experimental animals are generally fed 30% less than controls, and diets are supplemented with micronutrients to achieve undernutrition without malnutrition. These calorically restricted (CR) monkeys are lighter, with less fat and lean mass than controls. Bone mass is also slightly reduced, but in approximate proportion to the smaller body size. CR animals mature more slowly and achieve shorter stature than controls as well. Metabolically, CR monkeys have slightly lower body temperature and initial energy expenditure following onset of restriction, and better glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. The latter suggest a reduced predisposition towards diabetes as the animals age. Other potential anti-disease effects include biomarkers suggestive of lessened risk of cardiovascular disease and possibly cancer. Candidate biomarkers of aging, including the age-related decrease in plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), suggest that the CR animals may be aging more slowly than controls in some respects, although sufficient survival data will require more time to accumulate. In summary, nearly all CR effects detected in rodents, which have thus far been examined in primates, exhibit similar phenomenology. Potential applicability of these beneficial effects to humans is discussed.
journal_name
Eur J Clin Nutrjournal_title
European journal of clinical nutritionauthors
Roth GS,Ingram DK,Black A,Lane MAdoi
10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601020subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-06-01 00:00:00pages
S15-20eissn
0954-3007issn
1476-5640journal_volume
54 Suppl 3pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Prospective cohort studies have indicated that serum vitamin D levels are inversely related to risk of type 2 diabetes. However, such studies cannot determine the source of vitamin D. Therefore, we examined the association of dietary vitamin D intake with incident type 2 diabetes within the Europe...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2013.235
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:There are positive associations between pulmonary function (PF) and fat-free mass as well as muscle strength. Contrarily, negative associations were found with indirect measures of visceral adipose tissue (VAT). We aimed to differentiate between associations of body composition and PF by assessing...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2016.146
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:It is well established that combining a reduced calorie, low-fat diet with the lipase inhibitor orlistat results in significantly greater weight loss than placebo plus diet. This weight loss is accompanied by changes in adipose tissue (AT) distribution. As 60 mg orlistat is now available as an ove...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2011.108
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the effects of alpha (s1)-casein hydrolysate on females with stress-related symptoms. DESIGN:Double-blind, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING:The alpha (s1)-casein hydrolysate was manufactured by INGREDIA (Arras, France) and the placebo was manufactured by DIETAROMA (Bourg, ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602553
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diet may both increase and decrease oxidative stress in the body. We compared the effects of four strictly controlled isocaloric diets with different intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA, 11 or 3% of energy) and vegetables and fruit (total amount of vegetables and fruit 516 or 1059 g/10 MJ) on markers associat...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602865
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult (primary) lactose malabsorption is practically universal in Africans of Bantu and San ('Bushmen') stock. Recent environmental changes, especially in rural areas, have exacerbated rates of malnutrition in hospital patients belonging to these groups. In order to assess the advisability of using milk as a nutrition...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urea kinetics was measured in a single woman on five occasions over four years by the prime/intermittent oral-dose method with [15N15N]-urea. On a nitrogen intake of 231 +/- 24 mg/kg/day, urea production was 198 +/- 22 mg/kg/day, with the urinary excretion of urea being 143 +/- 25 mg/kg/day. Urea hydrolysis and salvag...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE:The efficacy of zinc combined with vitamin A or multiple micronutrients in preventing diarrhoea is unclear in African countries with high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed children. Potential modifying factors, such as stunting, need to be addressed. The objective of this stu...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2008.78
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the effects of a high fat diet rich in monounsaturated fat (MUFA-diet) and a moderate fat diet rich in polyunsaturated fat (PUFA-diet) on the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation. SUBJECTS:29 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. METHODS:After consuming a run-in diet [37% of energy (E%) fat, ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600587
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:To derive dietary patterns and examine their longitudinal associations with sociodemographic and lifestyle factors in the Tasmanian Older Adult Cohort. SUBJECTS/METHODS:This is a corrected analysis of a retracted paper. We followed 1098 adults aged ≥50 years for 5 years. Dietary intake was assess...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41430-020-00802-4
更新日期:2020-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::The nutritional impact of a water and sanitation intervention in a rural community of Bangladesh, comprising the provision of handpumps, construction of latrines and hygiene education was assessed. During 3 years, the quarterly anthropometric measures of about 200 children aged 12-35 months from the intervention commu...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the effect of barley flour (barley cultivar, Hordeum Vulgare var Himalaya 292) incorporated into breakfast and lunch compared with otherwise identical meals containing white wheat flour on the thermic effect of food (TEF), subsequent food intake and metabolic parameters. DESIGN:Randomized single b...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602564
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:A high prevalence of Type 2 diabetes exists in Saudi Arabia. Epidemiological evidence suggests that low glycaemic index (GI) diets reduce diabetes risk. Yet, little is known about the GI of traditional Saudi Arabian staples such as Hassawi rice (HR). HR was evaluated in terms of its GI and insulin...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2011.4
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary antioxidant intake and the risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in a case-control study. An antioxidant intake score was calculated for individual values for each food group (soy products, green yellow-vegetables, fruits, boiled rice and te...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602669
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted a mini-review of the literature, focusing on aging-related systemic inflammation and its association with vitamin D (VitD). As main findings, data indicate that inflammation in aging seems to have multiple origins, including immunosenescence, and from intestinal and adipose tissue, where VitD may modulate...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2016.177
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To explore the association of eating styles with overweight and obesity in young adults, controlling for identical genetic background in monozygotic twins. DESIGN:Prospective twin cohort study. SETTING:Finland, 1991-2002. SUBJECTS:Two-hundred and thirty-three women and 2060 men from the FinnTwin16 study, a...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602601
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The refeeding syndrome is a potentially fatal condition that affects multiple organ systems. It is the consequence of fluid and electrolyte shifts that may occur in a malnourished patient following the introduction of nutrition therapy. The most prominent characteristic is hypophosphataemia. Although hyperammonaemia i...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2014.244
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Pizza eating has been favourably related to the risk of cardiovascular disease, but the data are limited. To evaluate the potential role of pizza consumption on the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), we considered data from an Italian study. DESIGN:We conducted a hospital-based case-control study on...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601997
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assessing diet through dietary patterns has become popular in diet-disease investigations due to the appealing simplicity of expressing several dietary exposures through one variable. Current evidence suggests that there may exist a priori and a posteriori dietary patterns that are consistently associated with reduced...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/s41430-018-0128-8
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nutrient intakes in four areas of the UK were compared, 7-d weighed intake data were obtained for representative community samples of middle-aged men in Caerphilly (South Wales), Northern Ireland, Edinburgh and Bristol (Speedwell). Intakes of energy were higher in Edinburgh than in the other three areas, but following...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aims of the study were: (i) to determine iodine status of schoolchildren living in northeast Italy; (ii) to assess dietary habits and iodine status and (iii) to investigate the level of knowledge concerning iodine sufficiency and ways to ameliorate iodine status. METHODS:One thousand three hundred seven...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2013.44
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the carotenoid status in young type I diabetic patients and its relationship to the glycaemic control of the disease. DESIGN:A follow-up study. SETTING:Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Health Area VI of Madrid (Spain). SUBJECTS:Forty-seven type I diabetic patients, followed for 2.5 years....
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602411
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:To investigate (i) associations of intimate partner violence (IPV) and chronic undernutrition among women of reproductive age and (ii) whether women who experience both poverty and IPV are unique in their nutritional disadvantages. SUBJECTS/METHODS:This study used the data from the 2007 Banglades...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2012.202
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:To determine if consumption of yogurt containing a high dose of probiotic (1×10(10) colony-forming unit per 100 ml), Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis), decreases absences in children 2-4 years attending daycare/school centers. SUBJECTS/METHODS:We conducted a double-blinded, rando...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2010.290
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pregnancy and the first two years of life are periods of rapid growth and yet the knowledge of requirements for protein and dietary indispensable amino acids is very limited. The development of carbon oxidation methods opens the way to studies that should fill these important gaps in knowledge. ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2013.297
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the relationship of energy stress during pregnancy and lactation to maternal body stores in marginally nourished rural Bangladeshi women. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:Two-hundred and fifty-two women were followed from 5-7 months of pregnancy until 6 months postpartum. Energy intake was estimated during pre...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601514
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:The aim was to investigate the effects of a conventional and an unconventional fast-food meal on postprandial metabolism in normal and in overweight subjects. SUBJECTS/METHODS:Twenty-five healthy normal (n = 12) and overweight (n = 13) volunteers (21-39 years) participated in this randomized, die...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2012.125
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mediterranean diets are felt to be healthful diets linked with reduced mortality from diet-related noncommunicable diseases. OBJECTIVE:To examine trends in diet, activity, obesity and diet-related noncommunicable diseases for Spain and compare these with other European countries, particularly those from the...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601414
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare different possibilities of reporting the iodine supply in the same urine samples. Indeed, in field studies, urinary iodine concentration (I/L: micro g I/L, micro mol I/L, I/creatinine: micro g I/g creatanine, micro mol I/mol creatinine) is more readily available than excretion (I/24h micro g I/24 h...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601740
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the effects of dietary supplements containing bovine serum concentrate (BSC, a source of immunoglobulins) and/or multiple micronutrients (MMN) on children's growth velocity, rates of common infections, and MN status. DESIGN:Randomized, controlled, community-based intervention trial. SETTING:Low...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602682
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00