Morphology and visual pigment content of photoreceptors from injured goldfish retina.

abstract：:Alpha ganglion cells from the midperiphery of the rabbit retina were recorded intracellularly under visual control, in a superfused everted eyecup, and labeled with HRP. Their physiology and large somata with broad dendritic arbors identified them as uniform populations of ON- and OFF-center alpha ganglion cells, whic...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Muller JF,Dacheux RF

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using suction electrodes, photocurrent responses to 100-ms saturating flashes were recorded from isolated retinal rods of the larval-stage tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum). The delay period (Tc) that preceded recovery of the dark current by a criterion amount (3 pA) was analyzed in relation to the flash intensity...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Pepperberg DR,Cornwall MC,Kahlert M,Hofmann KP,Jin J,Jones GJ,Ripps H

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent interest in nitric oxide and its relationship to cGMP has produced many attempts to anatomically localize the enzyme synthesizing nitric oxide, nitric oxide synthase. In the retina, numerous previous studies have used the NADPH-diaphorase enzyme activity of nitric oxide synthase as a histochemical method to loc...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Blute TA,Mayer B,Eldred WD

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nucleus rotundus and nucleus dorsolateralis posterior (DLP) are the thalamic components of two parallel pathways within the tectofugal division of the pigeon visual system. An earlier study (Hodos, Weiss & Bessette, 1986) had shown that lesions in direct telencephalic recipients of projections from rotundus and DLP pr...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Kertzman C,Hodos W

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the grating acuity and contrast sensitivity of cats whose eye position was monitored with a scleral search-coil technique. During each trial, the cat was required to maintain fixation on a laser spot and respond to the presence or the absence of a grating by pressing a right or left pedal. With this proced...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Pasternak T,Horn K

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Circadian rhythms affect the anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry of the visual cells in the eyes of the horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus). These rhythms are mediated by the activity of efferent neurons that project from the central nervous system to all of the eyes. In this study, the optic nerves of Limulus were ...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Calman BG,Battelle BA

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:White noise stimuli were used to estimate second-order kernels for complex cells in cortical area V1 of the macaque monkey, and drifting grating stimuli were presented to the sample of neurons to obtain orientation and spatial-frequency tuning curves. Using these data, we quantified how well second-order kernels predi...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Gaska JP,Jacobson LD,Chen HW,Pollen DA

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In birds, neurons of the isthmo-optic nucleus (ION), as well as "ectopic" neurons, send axons to the retina, where they synapse on cells in the inner nuclear layer (INL). Previous work has shown that centrifugal axons can be divided into two anatomically distinct types depending on their model of termination: either "...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Nickla DL,Gottlieb MD,Marin G,Rojas X,Britto LR,Wallman J

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lateral suprasylvian visual cortex in the cat has been studied extensively, but its retinotopic organization remains controversial. Although some investigators have divided this region into many distinct areas, others have argued for a simpler organization. A clear understanding of the region's retinotopic organizatio...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Sherk H,Mulligan KA

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intrinsic interneurons within the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) provide a feed-forward inhibitory pathway for afferent visual information originating from the retina. These interneurons are unique because in addition to traditional axodendritic output onto thalamocortical neurons, these interneurons have pr...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Cox CL,Beatty JA

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inhibition of [3H]acetylcholine (ACh) release from cholinergic amacrine cells by glycine and GABA was studied using an in vivo eyecup preparation in anesthetized rabbits. Glycine (1 mM) had no effect on basal ACh release, but completely blocked the light-evoked release of ACh. Glycine also blocked the strong poten...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Linn DM

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The visual responsiveness and spatial tuning of frontal eye field (FEF) neurons were determined using a delayed memory saccade task. Neurons with visual responses were then tested for direction selectivity using moving random dot patterns centered in the visual receptive field. The preferred axis of motion showed a si...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Xiao Q,Barborica A,Ferrera VP

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As in rabbit, gerbil, and rat, the guinea pig interstitial nucleus of the superior fasciculus, posterior bundle (INSFp) is a sparse assemblage of neurons scattered among the fibers forming the fasciculus bearing this name. Most of the INSFp neurons are small and are ovoid in shape. Interspersed among these, are a few ...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Benassi C,Biral GP,Lui F,Porro CA,Corazza R

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dark-adapted rods exert a tonic suppressive influence upon cone-mediated sensitivity to rapid flicker, a phenomenon called suppressive rod-cone interaction (SRCI). However, rod dark adaptation has negligible influence upon cone-mediated thresholds measured with more usual psychophysical procedures. The present study s...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Frumkes TE,Lange G,Denny N,Beczkowska I

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multifocal VEP (mfVEP) responses were obtained from 13 normal human subjects for nine test conditions, covering three viewing conditions (dichoptic and left and right monocular), and three different temporal stimulation forms (rapid contrast reversal, rapid pattern pulse presentation, and slow pattern pulse presentati...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： James AC,Ruseckaite R,Maddess T

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult Japanese quail have an endogenous circadian clock located in their eyes that has been shown to regulate melatonin biosynthesis. We investigated if a circadian oscillator is present in cultures of dispersed embryonic quail retina. Melatonin release in retinal cell culture is modulated by the light cycle, indicati...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Pierce ME

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The abundance and spatial distribution of retinal cone photoreceptors change during thyroid hormone (TH)-induced and natural development of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). These changes are thought to allow the fish to adapt to different photic environments throughout its life history. To date, the ontogeny of ra...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Veldhoen K,Allison WT,Veldhoen N,Anholt BR,Helbing CC,Hawryshyn CW

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Visually guided saccadic eye movements to singly presented stationary targets form a bimodal distribution. After superior colliculus lesions, the so called "express saccades" that form the first mode of the distribution are no longer obtained. The aim of this study was to determine what role several other neural syste...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Schiller PH,Lee K

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During adaptation to an increase in environmental luminance, retinal signaling adjustments are mediated by the neuromodulator dopamine. Retinal dopamine is released with light and can affect center-surround receptive fields, the coupling state between neurons, and inhibitory pathways through inhibitory receptors and n...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Mazade RE,Eggers ED

更新日期：2020-02-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The morphological characteristics of the eyes and the retinae of lanternfish larvae of Lampanyctus crocodilus, Benthosema glaciale, and Myctophum punctatum were analyzed in pre-flexion, flexion, and post-flexion stages. Pre-flexion larvae of L. crocodilus, the species with the shallowest depth distribution, had spheri...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Bozzano A,Pankhurst PM,Sabatés A

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Four experiments were performed to assess the effects of ON channel blockade with the glutamate analog 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (APB) on brightness and contrast perception in monkeys. In Experiment 1, we demonstrate that stimuli brighter than background (incremental stimuli) appear less bright following ON channel ...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Dolan RP,Schiller PH

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Receptive field organization of cone-driven bipolar cells was investigated by intracellular recording in the intact light-adapted retina of the tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum). Centered spots and concentric annuli of optimum dimensions were used to selectively stimulate the receptive field center and surround wi...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Burkhardt DA,Bartoletti TM,Thoreson WB

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined achromatic contrast discrimination in asymptomatic carriers of 11778 Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON 18 controls) and 18 age-match were also tested. To evaluate magnocellular (MC) and Parvocellular (PC) contrast discrimination, we used a version of Pokorny and Smith's (1997) pulsed/steady-pedesta...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Gualtieri M,Bandeira M,Hamer RD,Costa MF,Oliveira AG,Moura AL,Sadun F,De Negri AM,Berezovsky A,Salomão SR,Carelli V,Sadun AA,Ventura DF

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of the numbers of retinal ganglion cells and lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) neurons in primates suggest that the numbers of both types of neurons may vary over a two-fold range from one individual to another. This raises the question of whether the numbers of ganglion cells and LGN neurons are related or var...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Spear PD,Kim CB,Ahmad A,Tom BW

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The retinae of insectivores have been rarely studied, and their photoreceptor arrangements and expression patterns of visual pigments are largely unknown. We have determined the presence and distribution of cones in three species of shrews (common shrew Sorex araneus, greater white-toothed shrew Crocidura russula, dar...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Peichl L,Künzle H,Vogel P

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The period of susceptibility for binocular depth vision was studied in kittens by subjecting them to periods of monocular deprivation beginning at different ages. In an initial study, we found that normally reared kittens can learn a depth-discrimination task much more rapidly when tested binocularly than monocularly,...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Timney B

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The size, pattern of terminal arborizations, and laminar specificity of individual retinogeniculate axons were studied in the macaque following injections of HRP into the optic tract. Axons that terminated in the magnocellular layers had significantly larger fiber diameters and wider terminal fields than those that te...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Conley M,Fitzpatrick D

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Simple reaction times (RTs) were measured to brief temporally blurred (total onset 570 ms) Gaussian isoluminant chromatic patches (s.d. 0.5 degrees) whose chromaticities lay along the cardinal chromatic axes (0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 degrees in MBDKL color space). Bipolar adapting stimuli were emplo...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Parry NR,Murray IJ,McKeefry DJ

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent work has revealed multiple pathways for cross-orientation suppression in cat and human vision. In particular, ipsiocular and interocular pathways appear to assert their influence before binocular summation in human but have different (1) spatial tuning, (2) temporal dependencies, and (3) adaptation after-effect...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Meese TS,Challinor KL,Summers RJ

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:By establishing an avascular, highly elastic, region within the fetal area of high acuity (AHA), the developing primate eye has created a unique substrate on which the mechanical forces of intraocular pressure (IOP) and growth-induced retinal stretch (stretch) can act. We proposed (Springer & Hendrickson, 2004b) that ...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Springer AD,Hendrickson AE

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00