Abstract:
:Vacuum extractors have replaced forceps for many situations in which assistance is required to achieve vaginal delivery. Compared with metal-cup vacuum extractors, soft-cup devices are easier to use and cause fewer neonatal scalp injuries; however, they detach more frequently. Vacuum extractors can cause neonatal injury. These devices should be employed when indicated, usually for a nonreassuring fetal heart tracing or failure to progress in the second stage of labor. Complications may be minimized if the physician recognizes contraindications to the use of vacuum extraction. Complete documentation is essential.
journal_name
Am Fam Physicianjournal_title
American family physicianauthors
Putta LV,Spencer JPsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-09-15 00:00:00pages
1316-20issue
6eissn
0002-838Xissn
1532-0650journal_volume
62pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Flexible sigmoidoscopy is a procedure that is commonly used by primary care physicians for the evaluation of rectal disorders and for colorectal screening. Retroflexion of the endoscope improves views of the anorectum and rectal vault, which increases the diagnostic yield of sigmoidoscopy. We report three cases of rec...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::The major chlamydial infections are conjunctivitis and pneumonia in infants and urethritis, cervicitis, salpingitis and ocular infection in adults. Tetracyclines are usually the drugs of choice for the treatment of chlamydial infections. Erythromycin therapy is preferred for pregnant women and for neonates with conjun...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening systemic reaction, normally occurring within one to two hours of exposure to an allergen. The incidence of anaphylaxis in the United States is 2.1 per 1,000 person-years. Most anaphylactic reactions occur outside the hospital setting. Urticaria, difficulty breathing, and mucosal swell...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2020-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Because of the increasing popularity of recreational scuba diving, primary care physicians should be familiar with common diving injuries. One form of barotrauma, middle ear squeeze, is the most common diving injury. Other important diving injuries include inner ear barotrauma and pulmonary barotrauma. Arterial gas em...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Jellyfish stings are usually mild except those caused by species in the South Pacific. The box jellyfish can produce a severe cardiorespiratory insult. The sting of the Portuguese man-of-war is more potent than that of the common jellyfish. The Indo-Pacific area is the source of the most venomous bony fish. Many injur...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among newborns. Universal screening for GBS among women at 35 to 37 weeks of gestation is more effective than administration of intrapartum antibiotics based on risk factors. Lower vaginal and rectal cultures for GBS are collected at 35 to 37 we...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antidepressant drugs are now an important component of the analgesic pharmacopeia. Their ability to relieve pain is independent of the presence of clinical depression, and their efficacy has been documented in the treatment of migraine and tension headaches, neuropathic pain and chronic pain syndromes, including those...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In many cases, the family physician will set the tone for rehabilitation of the stroke patient. It is imperative that the physician understand the recovery process, as well as the nature, benefits and limitations of rehabilitation. Since there are no precise predictors of individual outcome, no patient should be exclu...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common focal entrapment syndrome. Forceful repetitive activity and vibration may be important workplace risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome. Although systematic study has suggested that carpal tunnel syndrome is work-related, no clear "dose-response" curve has been found between ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Distribution of accumulated fluid is the important element in the differentiation of peripheral edema resulting from different etiologies. Isolated upper extremity edema is rare and is usually caused by obstruction of the superior vena cava by a malignancy. The cause of unilateral edema of a lower limb can usually be ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mild elevations in levels of the liver enzymes alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase are commonly discovered in asymptomatic patients in primary care. Evidence to guide the diagnostic workup is limited. If the history and physical examination do not suggest a cause, a stepwise evaluation should be initiated ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eating disorders are potentially life-threatening conditions characterized by disordered eating and weight-control behaviors that impair physical health and psychosocial functioning. Early intervention may decrease the risk of long-term pathology and disability. Clinicians should interpret disordered eating and body i...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gallstone disease is a major health problem in the United States and in most Western countries. During the past century, cholecystectomy has been the treatment of choice. Recently, new modalities of treatment have been developed, including oral dissolution therapy, extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy, percutaneous t...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypothyroidism can often be misdiagnosed as psychiatric illness. The hypothyroid patient may present with depression, an organic mental disorder, apathy and/or frank psychosis (usually with paranoid symptoms). Psychiatric manifestations of the endocrinopathy will abate with thyroid hormone replacement therapy, unless ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The protein-sparing modified fast is a safe and effective method for losing a large amount of weight relatively quickly. This diet should be used in combination with an exercise program, behavior modification and patient education. Caloric intake is in the range of 400 to 800 per day. Candidates for the diet should be...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analgesic and sedative needs depend on the type of procedure, the child's age and the degree of cooperation from the child and parents. Local anesthesia, which may be administered subcutaneously or in topical gel form, generally is sufficient for common procedures such as lumbar puncture and laceration repair. Frequen...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Appropriate preconception health care improves pregnancy outcomes. When started at least one month before conception, folic acid supplements can prevent neural tube defects. Targeted genetic screening and counseling should be offered on the basis of age, ethnic background, or family history. Before conception, women s...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::House calls can still serve many functions in the overall care of the patient. By improving the relationship between physician and patient, providing the physician with important information that can only be gained from a home visit and allowing the physician to remain active in the care of the homebound patient, hous...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacologic agents that attenuate the influence of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system are known to reduce systemic arterial blood pressure through vasodilatory action and enhanced renal clearance of sodium and water. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are known to antagonize the renin-angiotensin-aldoste...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rheumatoid arthritis is a connective tissue disorder of unknown etiology that can involve any synovial-lined joint in the body. The most frequently involved joints are the small joints of the hands and feet, the wrists, knees and elbows, and the glenohumeral and acromioclavicular joints. The radiographic hallmarks of ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Orthostatic hypotension is defined as a decrease of at least 20 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure when an individual moves from a supine position to a standing position. Nonneurogenic causes of orthostatic hypotension are related to cardiac pump failure, reduced intravascular volume, venous pooling or a medication side...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eczematous dermatitis is a common condition that can interfere with social function, sleep and employment. Its persistence and accompanying pruritus may be stressful and frustrating for patients. The most common and best characterized type of eczema, atopic dermatitis, appears to be increasing in incidence. Other comm...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1996-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Diet is the single most significant risk factor for disability and premature death. Patients and physicians often have difficulty staying abreast of diet trends, many of which focus primarily on weight loss rather than nutrition and health. Recommending an eating style can help patients make positive change. Dietary p...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a commonly performed procedure for the removal of symptomatic gallstones. Compared with open cholecystectomy, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is associated with less postoperative pain, earlier discharge from the hospital and a more rapid recovery. However, there are specific contraindicat...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::While abdominoperineal resection with permanent colostomy is still required for most distal [corrected] rectal cancers, sphincter-saving local treatment by means of local excision, electrocoagulation or endocavitary contact radiation can be used for some highly selected distal tumors. Local treatment avoids a permanen...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::A biopsychosocial theory and approach to drug-seeking behavior suggests new questions for the family physician to ask his patient when psychotropic drugs are being considered. The theory and rational guidelines for prescribing allow the physician to make more appropriate decisions when faced with difficult situations....
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growth hormone from human pituitary glands has been available for 30 years. Because of the scarce supply and the danger of transmitting Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, use of the hormone was discontinued in 1984. Fortunately, synthetic growth hormone produced with recombinant DNA technology became available in 1985 and eli...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hematuria, symptomatic and incidental, that involves more than three red blood cells per high-power field on two of three properly collected urinalysis specimens warrants some type of imaging to evaluate the upper tracts. Traditionally, excretory urography or the intravenous pyelogram has been the mainstay of the hema...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A throat culture is necessary for accurate diagnosis of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis. The use of penicillin therapy in every patient with sore throat results in overtreatment of 85 percent of children and 95 percent of adults presenting to family physicians with the complaint of sore throat...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abdominal aortic aneurysms occur in 5 to 7 percent of people over age 60 in the United States. An aneurysm is defined as a permanent localized dilatation of an artery, with an increase in diameter of greater than 1.5 times its normal diameter. Abdominal aortic aneurysms may be manifested by catastrophic rupture, signs...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-09-15 00:00:00