Abstract：
:The decline in dental caries prevalence and incidence in developed countries over the last two decades is considered to be largely due to the widespread use of fluoride. Simultaneously, with the decline in caries, an increase in the prevalence of dental fluorosis has been noticed. The increase is in the mild and very mild forms of fluorosis, and is proportionally greater in non-fluoridated areas than in fluoridated areas. This is because of the increase in the mean fluoride intake from all sources since the 1940s. The increase in fluorosis prevalence prompted numerous studies on risk factors for fluorosis. As a result the literature over the last two decades has also reported numerous studies with differing and confusing results. This paper describes for the clinician the condition and summarizes the recent literature on the risk factors for fluorosis. Only well conducted studies evaluating risk factors or indicators and quantifying the risk for dental fluorosis from the 1980s through the 1990s time period were included in this review. Four major risk factors were consistently identified: use of fluoridated drinking water, fluoride supplements, fluoride toothpaste, and infant formulas before the age of six years.
journal_name
Pediatr Dentjournal_title
Pediatric dentistryauthors
Mascarenhas AKsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-07-01 00:00:00pages
269-77issue
4eissn
0164-1263issn
1942-5473journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome is characterized by limb hypertrophy, varicose veins, and vascular nevus. The orofacial manifestations include early eruption of permanent teeth and hemifacial hypertrophy. This 5-year-old male patient had facial asymmetry, limb abnormalities, and a thumb-sucking habit. Cephalometric a...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study's purpose was to compare the ability of 5 luting cements to reduce microleakage at stainless steel crown (SSC) margins on primary molar teeth. METHODS:Standard preparations were performed on 100 extracted primary molar teeth for SSC restoration. After fitting SSCs, samples were randomly divided int...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multimodal cancer therapy for pediatric head and neck tumors may be associated with significant developmental orofacial morbidity. This report details these effects in a child (C.I.) diagnosed at 2.5 years of age with a rhabdomyosarcoma, primary to the left buccinator. This case is of interest as C.I. has an unaffecte...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This case report presents the dental management of a 13-year-old girl with mosaic trisomy 9. She had: (1) severe psychomotor retardation; (2) short stature; (3) progressive microcephaly; (4) flat feet; (5) genu valgum; and (6) severe kyphoscoliosis. Dysmorphic facial features included: (1) maxillary prognathism; (2) n...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The oral health status of children with type 1 diabetes and its relationship to salivary cytokines have been researched in only one known study. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the association between levels of salivary cytokines and gingival disease in diabetic and nondiabetic Puerto Rican chi...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Surgical separation of supernumerary teeth fused to permanent incisor teethhas typically given rise to residual post surgical periodontal defects, induding loss of attachment and deep periodontal pocketing with persistent inflammation. Other complications include devitalisation of the retained tooth section, ankylosis...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Type I diabetes mellitus, also called insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or IDDM, is a significant chronic condition with implications for dental treatment. Advances in management include intensified therapy, highly purified insulins, and insulin pumps. Periodontal tissues are affected by IDDM, with resultant increas...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this case-control study was to evaluate the association between parent/caregivers' illness perception and early childhood caries (ECC). METHODS:Parent/caregivers of children younger than six years old were recruited at the dental clinic of an urban children's hospital between June 2013 and Septe...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study's purpose was to explore how content and format of children's oral health instruction in the dental clinic is perceived by parents and might affect parents' knowledge and behaviors. METHODS:Thirty low-income Mexican immigrant parents of children age five years and under were recruited from dental cl...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：: Purpose: To evaluate the cumulative incidence and progression of erosive tooth wear (ETW) and identify risk factors over 18 months in a cohort of 11- to 14-year-old schoolchildren in Mexico. Methods: The study was conducted in ...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2020-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purposes of this study were to: (1) examine the antibiotic prescribing practices of pediatric dentists and adherence to professional guidelines; and (2) assess their knowledge of and attitudes toward antibiotic resistance. METHODS:A cross-sectional survey regarding antibiotic use, resistance, and knowledge...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there are microbiological differences in bacterial samples collected from labial piercings made of different materials. METHODS:Sterile piercings of 4 materials were randomly allocated to 80 pierced subjects. After 2 weeks, microbiologic samples were collect...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purposes of this investigation were to: (1) provide a descriptive account of untreated dental caries for Virginia schoolchildren; and (2) examine the relationship between a child's insurance status and the presence of untreated dental caries. METHODS:In 1999, the Virginia Department of Health completed an ...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Children and adolescents are subject to several periodontal diseases. Although there is a much lower prevalence of destructive periodontal diseases in children than in adults, children can develop severe forms of periodontitis. In some cases, this destructive disease is a manifestation of a known underlying systemic d...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Regenerative endodontic techniques have been introduced to overcome the limits of the traditional apexification approach and allow continued root development after treatment of infected immature permanent teeth. The purpose of this report was to describe two cases with severe apical periodontitis and abscess that were...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report presents a review of results from 2370 biopsies of patients up to 20 years of age received over 11 years in the biopsy service at the University of Illinois at Chicago. The computerized data were retrieved and compiled for site, age, sex, race, and diagnosis of the biopsies. The lesions were divided into 1...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to examine inter-relations between infraocclusion of primary mandibular molars, tipping of adjacent teeth, and alveolar bone height of infraoccluded teeth. METHODS:A total of 402 periapical radiographs of infraoccluded primary mandibular molars were reviewed. Infraocclusion, alveo...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rapid palatal expansion (RPE) causes separation of the lateral halves of the palate and traditionally has used four maxillary teeth as anchorage. The purpose of this study was to introduce a rapid palatal expander that requires only two anchor teeth (two-point RPEe) and to compare the expansion obtained with that from...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to report the distribution of procedures provided to Virginia Medicaid children by 3 types of dental providers in rural and urban areas. METHODS:Medicaid claims filed for dental patients less than 21 years old were obtained and analyzed for fiscal years 1994-1995. Dental providers...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A national survey of members of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry was conducted to update information on the use of sedative agents by pediatric dentists. All 2532 members of the Academy were sent questionnaires regarding their use of sedation and 1497 responded. Practitioners were questioned regarding how f...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Children with Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) rarely report temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain, which may be due to pain avoidance mechanisms resulting in compromised masticatory function. This study examined the relationship between self-report measures of pain and dysfunction and measures of chewing perfo...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to test the ability of a colorimetric test, Cariostat (Sankin, Tokyo, Japan) to identify preschool children with dental caries. Three- to 5-year-old children (N = 153) from seven preschool programs in Saskatoon, Canada, were examined for dental caries using a mirror and explorer. A caries...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Pediatric dentists could be in an excellent position to identify and intervene early for children at high risk for overweight or obesity; however, current practices and attitudes are uncertain. This study's purpose was to explore the practices and attitudes of pediatric dentists regarding weight-and caries-rela...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to describe caretakers' self-selected pediatric oral health goals, self-reported compliance, perceived self-efficacy, and perceived barriers to goal accomplishment. The effect of self-management plans on recall attendance was also evaluated. METHODS:Fifty caretaker-patient pairs w...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2017-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:There have been no previous studies on dental maturation of prematurely born, very low birthweight (< 1500 g, VLBW) Caucasian children. This study investigated dental development and prevalence of enamel defects in a group of 55 VLBW children (mean age at dental examination 7.7 +/- 2.2 years, mean birthweight 1203 +/-...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this report was to: summarize the care of a child between the ages of 12 to 16 years old born with Noonan-like central giant cell syndrome and unrelated common variable immune deficiency; provide information on the dental management of patients with Noonan's syndrome; and present a brief discussion of ...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This investigation collected clinical and radiographic data from a retrospective chart review of 4 patients receiving prophylactic formocresol pulpotomies and stainless steel crowns following a dental abscess associated with a medical diagnosis of vitamin-D resistant rickets (VDRR) at Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for ...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this paper was to compare the ability of fluorescence-aided caries excavation (FACE) to remove infected dentin in primary teeth with that of conventional methods. METHODS:Sixty-six extracted carious primary teeth were divided according to lesion size into 3 groups of 22 teeth. Caries excavation ...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Fungal infections in HIV-infected individuals are associated with advancement of disease. In pediatric HIV infection, symptomatic children have a significantly higher incidence of clinical candidiasis and persistent drug-resistant candidiasis than do asymptomatic HIV-infected children. The purpose of this preli...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This investigation demonstrates the reliability of fluorescein for detecting the permeability of incipient dental caries (white spots). Artificial white spots were created on the buccal surface of 12 human bicuspids by viscous lactic acid (pH 4). Permeability of these lesions was assessed and reassessed before and aft...
journal_title：Pediatric dentistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
