Abstract:
:The aim of this study was to evaluate the potency of YM-53601 ((E)-2-[2-fluoro-2-(quinuclidin-3-ylidene) ethoxy]-9H-carbazole monohydrochloride), a new inhibitor of squalene synthase, in reducing both plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels, compared with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor and fibrates, respectively. YM-53601 equally inhibited squalene synthase activities in hepatic microsomes prepared from several animal species and also suppressed cholesterol biosynthesis in rats (ED(50), 32 mg kg(-1)). In guinea-pigs, YM-53601 and pravastatin reduced plasma nonHDL-C (=total cholesterol - high density lipoprotein cholesterol) by 47% (P<0.001) and 33% (P<0.001), respectively (100 mg kg(-1), daily for 14 days). In rhesus monkeys, YM-53601 decreased plasma nonHDL-C by 37% (50 mg kg(-1), twice daily for 21 days, P<0.01), whereas the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, pravastatin, failed to do (25 mg kg(-1), twice daily for 28 days). YM-53601 caused plasma triglyceride reduction in hamsters fed a normal diet (81% decrease at 50 mg kg(-1), daily for 5 days, P<0.001). In hamsters fed a high-fat diet, the ability of YM-53601 to lower triglyceride (by 73%, P<0.001) was superior to that of fenofibrate (by 53%, P<0.001), the most potent fibrate (dosage of each drug: 100 mg kg(-1), daily for 7 days). This is the first report that a squalene synthase inhibitor is superior to an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor in lowering plasma nonHDL-C level in rhesus monkeys and is superior to a fibrate in significantly lowering plasma triglyceride level. YM-53601 may therefore prove useful in treating hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia in humans.
journal_name
Br J Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of pharmacologyauthors
Ugawa T,Kakuta H,Moritani H,Matsuda K,Ishihara T,Yamaguchi M,Naganuma S,Iizumi Y,Shikama Hdoi
10.1038/sj.bjp.0703545subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-09-01 00:00:00pages
63-70issue
1eissn
0007-1188issn
1476-5381journal_volume
131pub_type
杂志文章abstract::1. We investigated the hypothesis that, as in some other large human arteries, 5-HT-induced contraction of the temporal artery is mediated through two co-existing receptor populations, 5-HT1-like- and 5-HT2A. Temporal arterial segments were obtained from patients undergoing brain surgery and rings prepared set up to c...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15188.x
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Lowering of the extracellular Mg(2+)-concentration induces various patterns of epileptiform activity in combined rat entorhinal cortex-hippocampal brain slices. After a prolonged period of exposure to Mg(2+)-free medium seizure-like events in the entorhinal cortex change to a state of late recurrent discharges whic...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15710.x
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The present experiments were designed to investigate the role of local angiotensin II receptors in the myointimal proliferative response of the vascular wall after endothelial removal, by use of a novel, nonpeptide, angiotensin II receptor antagonist, losartan. 2. When administered 1 week before endothelial removal...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1992.tb14392.x
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Interactions of bath-applied pentobarbitone and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on neurones in isolated superior cervical ganglia of the rat have been examined with intracellular microelectrodes. 2. Pentobarbitone itself (30 micrometer-1 mM) showed no clear or consistent GABA-like effects: changes in resting input c...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1978.tb07791.x
更新日期:1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Rat phrenic nerve preparations were used in vitro to study action potential amplitude and nerve conduction time under varying conditions of Pco(2) and sodium bicarbonate concentration in the surrounding Krebs solution.2. A correlation was found between action potential amplitude and pH but not between action potent...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1969.tb07980.x
更新日期:1969-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in the human melanocortin (MC)4 receptor have been associated with obesity, which underscores the relevance of this receptor as a drug target to treat obesity. Infusion of MC4R agonists decreases food intake, whereas inhibition of MC receptor activity by infusion of an MC receptor antagonist or with the inve...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706929
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. We have characterized the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-induced calcium signalling in endothelial cells from the human pulmonary artery. Using RT-PCR we show, that of all cloned G-protein coupled 5-HT receptors, these cells express only 5-HT1D beta, 5-HT2B and little 5-HT4 receptor mRNA. 2. In endothelial cells 5-HT i...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb16700.x
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of treatment with rolipram, a specific phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor, on learning and memory function and on the cyclic AMP/PKA/CREB signal transduction system were examined in rats with microsphere embolism (ME)-induced cerebral ischaemia. Sustained cerebral ischaemia was induced by the injection of 900 ...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0704629
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. In guinea-pigs previously sensitized with ovalbumin, the intra-plantar administration of the antigen induced dose-dependent and sustained oedema. An intense infiltrate of neutrophils and eosinophils was observed at the peak of the oedema (4 h). 2. Oedema induced by ovalbumin at the doses of 50 or 200 micrograms/paw...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1994.tb13038.x
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Emerging evidence indicates that hypertension is mediated by immune mechanisms. We hypothesized that exposure to Porphyromonas gingivalis antigens, commonly encountered in periodontal disease, can enhance immune activation in hypertension and exacerbate the elevation in BP, vascular inflammation ...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bph.14536
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Inhibition of PDE5 improves synaptic plasticity and memory via enhancing cGMP expression, thus activating the cGMP/cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) signalling pathway. This study investigated the effects of a PDE5 inhibitor on scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction, using memory-re...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bph.14377
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. In the present study, we describe the expression of the neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) as well as their receptors in PC-3 cells, a human prostate cancer cell line. In addition, we have investigated their role in apoptosis induced by s...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705317
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Strips of human pulmonary arteries from patients undergoing surgery for lung tumour were incubated with [3H]-noradrenaline. Subsequently, they were superfused with physiological salt solution containing cocaine and corticosterone. Tritium overflow from the strips was stimulated by transmural electrical impulses (2 Hz)...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1985.tb11094.x
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The endothelial 5-HT receptor mediating relaxation of pig pulmonary artery has been characterized using the selective 5-HT(2B) receptor agonist BW 723C86 and a variety of structurally diverse 5-HT receptor antagonists. If arterial rings with intact endothelium were precontracted with prostaglandin F(2alpha) (3 microM)...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0703341
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Airway remodelling is a consequence of long-term inflammation and MAPKs are key signalling molecules that drive pro-inflammatory pathways. The endogenous MAPK deactivator--MAPK phosphatase 1 (MKP-1)--is a critical negative regulator of the myriad pro-inflammatory pathways activated by MAPKs in th...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01923.x
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The pharmacology of the slow afterhyperpolarization (sAHP) was studied in cultured rat hippocampal pyramidal neurones. 2. Clotrimazole, its in vivo metabolite, 2-chlorophenyl-bisphenyl-methanol (CBM) and the novel analogues, UCL 1880 and UCL 2027, inhibited the sI(AHP) with similar IC50s (1-2 microM). 3. Clotrimazo...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0703895
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The effects of sulphone have been studied on kinin production in dog plasma and on capillary permeability in the skin of rabbits.2. Dog plasma was used as a substrate for pancreatic kallikrein in vitro and the addition of sulphone caused an inhibition of kinin production, which was dependent on the concentration of...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1969.tb09534.x
更新日期:1969-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In moderate-to-severe asthma, adding an inhaled long-acting β2 -adenoceptor agonist (LABA) to an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) provides better disease control than simply increasing the dose of ICS. Acting on the glucocorticoid receptor (GR, gene NR3C1), ICSs promote anti-inflammatory/anti-asthma gene expression. In vi...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/bph.13628
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Inflammation associated with the tumour microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in the cancer development, and immunotherapeutic strategies that aim to modulate the immune response in cancer have been crucial. In this study, a Methotrexate-loaded (MTX) poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)-based (P...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bph.15373
更新日期:2021-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::1. The effects of cocaine, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), reserpine and 17-beta-oestradiol on the sensitivity of the rat anococcygeus muscle to noradrenaline (NA), acetylcholine (ACh) and KCl were investigated.2. Cocaine (10(-5)M) increased the sensitivity of the anococcygeus to NA (100-fold) but not to ACh or KCl.3. 6-O...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1973.tb17261.x
更新日期:1973-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Optimal dipeptide and peptidomimetic drug transport across the intestinal mucosal surface is dependent upon the co-operative functional activity of the di/tripeptide transporter hPepT1 and the Na(+)/H(+) exchanger NHE3. The ability of the anti-absorptive enteric neuropeptide VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide) to m...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705049
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. A synthetic oxytocin analogue, [1-N-carbamoyl-hemicystine-2-O-methyltyrosine]-oxytocin (carbamoyl-methyloxytocin), has been tested as an antagonist to the actions of oxytocin and vasopressin on the uterus, the mammary gland and blood pressure.2. The analogue inhibited the response of the isolated rat uterus to both...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1970.tb09927.x
更新日期:1970-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The accumulation of (3)H-gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by the isolated rat retina has been measured.2. When retinae were incubated at 37 degrees C in a medium containing (3)H-GABA, tissue:medium ratios of about 25:1 were attained after a 30 min incubation.3. After incubations of 40 min at 37 degrees C, almost all ...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1973.tb08184.x
更新日期:1973-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have examined whether modulation of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway, through inhibition by alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) of the rate limiting enzyme, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), modulates NO synthesis in J774 macrophages. DFMO potentiated LPS-stimulated nitrite production in both a concentration- and t...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0702231
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 The prostaglandin synthesizing enzymes were found to be present in fat cell ghosts isolated from rabbit adipose tissue. 2 Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and PGF2, were synthesized by ghosts after stimulation with adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). 3 Indomethacin was found to inhibit this synthesis but not the synthesis o...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The binding of [3H]-iloprost (ZK36374) to NCB-20 membranes revealed a single population of high affinity receptors (KD = 9.55 nM, Bmax = 431 fmol mg-1 protein) and a low affinity, non-saturable binding component. Desensitization of prostacyclin-responsiveness of NCB-20 cells is induced by culture in the presence of th...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1985.tb08852.x
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Although picrotoxin is a well-established antagonist of GABA(A) receptors, detailed studies of its action on inhibitory synaptic transmission have not previously been made. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH:Electrophysiological techniques were used to study the action of picrotoxin on inhibitory postsynapti...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00542.x
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The subtype of alpha1-adrenoceptor mediating contractions to phenylephrine of the rat thoracic aorta, mesenteric artery and pulmonary artery were investigated by use of antagonists which show selectivity between the cloned alpha1-adrenoceptor subtypes in binding studies. 2. Cumulative concentration-contraction curv...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0701461
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. We have investigated an aspect of the regulation of cortical pyramidal neurone activity. Microdialysis was used to assess whether topical application of drugs (in 10 microliter) to fill a burr hole over the frontal cortex, where part of the corticostriatal pathway originates, would change concentrations of the exci...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1995.tb15020.x
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 The binding of [3H]-muscimol, a potent gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor agonist, to crude membrane preparations of bovine retina was studied, using a filtration method to isolate membrane-bound ligand. 2 Specific binding was found to be saturable and occurred at two binding sites with affinity constants of 4....
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1980.tb10934.x
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00