Synthesis of hierarchical materials.

abstract：:A major impact of genome projects on human health will be their contribution to the understanding of protein function. Proteins are the engines of biological systems, nearly all pharmaceuticals act on proteins and increasingly proteins themselves are used therapeutically. As biology enters the post-genomic era, resear...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Braun P,LaBaer J

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic engineering methods based on the use of transgenes have been successfully adopted to improve crops. A novel all-native DNA gene technology consists of the creation of intragenic constructs by isolating genetic elements from a crop, rearranging them in vitro, and inserting them back into the plant. The ever-inc...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Molesini B,Pii Y,Pandolfini T

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The realization of the important biomedical roles of polyunsaturated fatty acids has led to the development of methods for obtaining and manipulating polyunsaturated lipids. Enzyme-mediated reactions have demonstrated unique advantages over chemical approaches and commercial lipase- and phospholipase-catalysed process...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Gill I,Valivety R

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has developed into a huge threat to global health, and reducing it is an urgent priority for public health authorities. The importance of a healthy and balanced gut microbiome has been identified as a key protective factor against AMR development, but this can be significantly affected b...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Kelly SA,Rodgers AM,O'Brien SC,Donnelly RF,Gilmore BF

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The extensive use of chemical insecticides for insect pest management has resulted in insecticide resistance now being recorded in >500 species of insects and mites. Although gut-active toxins such as those derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been successfully used for insect pest management, a diverse range...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Bonning BC,Chougule NP

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Success in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering is quickly becoming 'test' limited within the design-build-test cycle. Commonly used methods for high-throughput screening, including fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and microtiter plates, have intracellular product and throughput limitations. A growing...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Bowman EK,Alper HS

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We review published data on cell/gamete lyophilization. Most studies have utilized the same established protocols for cryopreservation (storage in liquid nitrogen) as for cell lyophilization (dehydration of frozen samples by water sublimation). Surveying natural lyoprotectants, we suggest trehalose and late embryogene...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Loi P,Iuso D,Czernik M,Zacchini F,Ptak G

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tremendous advances in our understanding of the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs) have been made through the use of animal models. However, there are limitations inherent in many of the current models that use either nonhuman primates, or viruses other than HIV-1. Researchers continue to search for improved models...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Lewis AD,Johnson PR

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Musculoskeletal diseases are increasing the prevalence of physical disability worldwide. Within the body, musculoskeletal soft and hard tissues integrate through specific multitissue transitions, allowing for body movements. Owing to their unique compositional and structural gradients, injuries challenge the native in...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Calejo I,Costa-Almeida R,Reis RL,Gomes ME

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Integrated biorefineries have the potential to contribute towards sustainable production of transportation fuels, energy, and chemicals. However, because there are currently no commercial biorefining plants in operation, it is not clear how sustainable they really are. This paper sets out to examine key issues associa...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Azapagic A

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Direct delivery of purified Cas9 protein with guide RNA into plant cells, as opposed to plasmid-mediated delivery, displays high efficiency and reduced off-target effects. Following regeneration from edited cells, the ensuing plant is also likely to bypass genetically modified organism (GMO) legislation as the genome ...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Kanchiswamy CN,Malnoy M,Velasco R,Kim JS,Viola R

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We discuss the general properties of optical imaging in three-dimensional object domains from an information-theoretic standpoint, expressing system performance in terms of imaging mutual information (IMI). We use IMI to characterize volume holographic imaging, a new optical imaging method with depth discrimination ca...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Barbastathis G,Sinha A

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Short, self-assembling peptides form a variety of stable nanostructures used for the rational design of functional devices. Peptides serve as organic templates for conjugating biorecognition elements, and assembling ordered nanoparticle arrays and hybrid supramolecular structures. We are witnessing the emergence of a ...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Lakshmanan A,Zhang S,Hauser CA

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genetic code is the manual that cells use to incorporate amino acids into proteins. It is possible to artificially expand this manual through cellular, molecular, and chemical manipulations to improve protein functionality. Strategies for in vivo genetic code expansion are under the same functional constraints as ...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Ros E,Torres AG,Ribas de Pouplana L

更新日期：2020-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Geological storage of CO2 is a fast-developing technology that can mitigate rising carbon emissions. However, there are environmental concerns with the long-term storage and implications of a leak from a carbon capture storage (CCS) site. Traditional monitoring lacks clear protocols and relies heavily on physical meth...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Hicks N,Vik U,Taylor P,Ladoukakis E,Park J,Kolisis F,Jakobsen KS

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The free-radical gas nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in a wide and diverse range of physiological processes. As progress is made in understanding the biological function of NO, there is growing interest in the possibility that inhibitors of NO synthase (NOS) may be of clinical use in the therapy of certain d...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Ogden JE,Moore PK

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Europe the commercialization of food derived from genetically modified plants has been slow because of the complex regulatory process and the concerns of consumers. Risk assessment is focused on potential adverse effects on humans and the environment, which could result from unintended effects of genetic modificati...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Rischer H,Oksman-Caldentey KM

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bioeconomy concept is proliferating globally. However, the enabling roles of biotechnology may be getting sidelined in the strategies of some countries. A goal for engineering biology is alignment with the engineering design cycle to enable more rapid commercialization. This paper considers several policy options ...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Kitney R,Adeogun M,Fujishima Y,Goñi-Moreno Á,Johnson R,Maxon M,Steedman S,Ward S,Winickoff D,Philp J

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Soft biofunctional and biocompatible interfaces on solids designed by the deposition of ultrathin soft polymer films or supported membranes have numerous scientific and practical applications. These include the immobilization of glycolipids, membrane receptors and proteins to generate models of cell and tissue surface...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Sackmann E,Tanaka M

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Building robust manufacturing processes from biological components is a task that is highly complex and requires sophisticated tools to describe processes, inputs, and measurements and administrate management of knowledge, data, and materials. We argue that for bioengineering to fully access biological potential, it w...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Sadowski MI,Grant C,Fell TS

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Colloidal gas aphrons are microbubbles encapsulated by surfactant multilayers. They provide a large interfacial area to adsorb charged and/or hydrophobic molecules; the extent and mechanism of the adsorption depends on the surfactant multilayer. The physical properties of colloidal gas aphrons have recently been chara...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Jauregi P,Varley J

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ascomycete Trichoderma reesei is one of the most well studied cellulolytic microorganisms. This fungus is widely used in the biotechnology industry, mainly in the production of biofuels. Due to its importance, its genome was sequenced in 2008, opening new avenues to study this microorganism. In this 'post-genomic'...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Gupta VK,Steindorff AS,de Paula RG,Silva-Rocha R,Mach-Aigner AR,Mach RL,Silva RN

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular systems in which fluorescence switches between 'on' and 'off' states when driven by chemical stimuli can be designed according to a few principles. The photochemical mechanisms examined are photoinduced electron transfer, internal charge transfer and excimer formation, with emphasis on the first category. Th...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： de Silva AP,Fox DB,Moody TS,Weir SM

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Continued progress in cell-phone devices has made them powerful mobile computers, equipped with sophisticated, permanent physical sensors embedded as the default configuration. By contrast, the incorporation of permanent biosensors in cell-phone units has been prevented by the multivocal nature of the stimuli and the ...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Preechaburana P,Suska A,Filippini D

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Precise control of transgene expression is pivotal to the engineering of plants with increased disease resistance. Many early attempts to boost disease resistance used constitutive overexpression of defence components but frequently this resulted in poor quality plants. It is now clear that the extensive cellular repr...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Gurr SJ,Rushton PJ

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lyases catalyse the cleavage of C-C, C-N, C-O and other bonds by elimination to produce double bonds or, conversely, catalyse the addition of groups to double bonds. These enzymes do not require cofactor recycling, show an absolute stereospecificity and can give a theoretical yield of 100%, compared with only 50% for ...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： van der Werf MJ,van den Tweel WJ,Kamphuis J,Hartmans S,de Bont JA

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two of the primary responses in a cell when perturbed are modulation of the dynamics of its constituent gene expression and protein abundance to restore steady-state homeostasis. To obtain a detailed model of the restoration of this balance, it is necessary to examine the kinetics of transcription and translation, thu...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Hughes C,Krijgsveld J

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, several groups have published data on the shear sensitivity of suspended animal cells and the protective effect of certain polymers. These findings did not, at the time, seem to have great practical application because shear sensitivity did not cause great problems for large-scale applications in sparged and...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： van der Pol L,Tramper J

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA and RNA molecules can be detected as they are driven through a nanopore by an applied electric field at rates ranging from several hundred microseconds to a few milliseconds per molecule. The nanopore can rapidly discriminate between pyrimidine and purine segments along a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule. Nan...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Deamer DW,Akeson M

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biohacking is a do-it-yourself citizen science merging body modification with technology. The motivations of biohackers include cybernetic exploration, personal data acquisition, and advocating for privacy rights and open-source medicine. The emergence of a biohacking community has influenced discussions of cultural v...

journal_title：Trends in biotechnology

authors： Yetisen AK

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00