Abstract：
:Situational factors as well as individual differences are assumed to play an important role in perceptions of stress. One factor that may affect an elite athlete's perception of stress may be his or her perceived motivational climate. To examine the relative importance of dispositional and situational factors on the perceptions of distress (i.e. negative stress), we assessed goal orientations, perception of motivational climate and sources of distress among Norwegian participants at the 1994 Winter Olympic Games in Lillehammer. Perception of a performance climate was associated with cognitive sources of distress, the coach, and team aspects as a source of distress. Furthermore, a performance climate was a significant predictor of high total distress. The athletes with lower perceptions of ability perceived the coach to be more a source of distress than athletes with a high perception of ability. A perception of a mastery climate was negatively associated with the coach as a source of distress. These findings indicate that, to reduce the perception of distress, the coach should focus on creating a mastery climate for elite athletes.
journal_name
J Sports Scijournal_title
Journal of sports sciencesauthors
Pensgaard AM,Roberts GCdoi
10.1080/026404100365090subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-03-01 00:00:00pages
191-200issue
3eissn
0264-0414issn
1466-447Xjournal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The human spleen shows a decrease in volume of around 40% early during vigorous exercise and in response to other stressful stimuli such as maximal apnoea and the breathing of hypoxic gas mixtures. Contraction seems an active response, mediated by alpha-adrenergic fibres in the splenic nerve. Given the relatively smal...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/02640414.2015.1078488
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the collision between a striking implement and ball, the term "sweet spot" represents the impact location producing best results. In football kicking, it is not known if a sweet spot exists on the foot because no method to measure impact location in three-dimensional space exists. Therefore, the aims were: (1) deve...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2018.1505408
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated whether heart rate (HR)-derived parameters are accurate performance predictors in endurance recreational runners. One hundred thirty recreational athletes completed an incremental running test (4´running + 1´rest). After each stage, we recorded HR, % of maximum HR (%HRmax), and blood lactate. We also a...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2018.1442185
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to determine the role of body build characteristics in modern pentathletes, 65 female participants at the IXth World Modern Pentathlon Championships, 1989 (Wiener Neustadt, Austria) were investigated. Of these, 54 participate in the competition; the other 11 were reserves. Their mean (+/- S.D.) age was 22.34 ...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640419408732186
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic foot and ankle injuries are common in dancers; understanding how lower extremity loading changes in response to altered task goals can be beneficial for rehabilitation and injury prevention strategies. The purpose of this study was to examine mechanical demands during jump take-offs when the task goal was modi...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2020.1756710
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we examined the relationships between body sway, aim point fluctuation and performance in rifle shooting on an inter- and intra-individual basis. Six elite shooters performed 20 shots under competition conditions. For each shot, body sway parameters and four aim point fluctuation parameters were quantif...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/0264041031000101881
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are differences in the perceived comfort, plantar pressure, and rearfoot motion between laced running shoes and elastic-covered running shoes. Fifteen male amateur runners participated in the study. Each participant was assigned laced running shoes and elastic-c...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2010.534805
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The training and competitive programmes of elite athletes incorporate travel schedules, often long journeys, across multiple time zones. In such cases, travel causes both transient fatigue and a malaise known as "jet-lag" that persists for some days. Jet-lag is due to the disturbance of the body's circadian rhythms: d...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 共识发展会议,指南,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/02640410701607445
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated whether repeated, very short duration sprints influenced endothelial function (indicated by flow-mediated dilation) and triacylglycerol concentrations following the ingestion of high-fat meals in adolescent boys. Nine adolescent boys completed two, 2-day main trials (control and exercise), in a...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/02640414.2014.964749
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aims of this experiment were to determine whether there are differences between the sexes in the three-dimensional angular rotations of the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex during running and, if such differences exist, to establish whether factors other than sex can explain the observed differences. A cohort of 44 non-in...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1080/0264041031000070859
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A maximal multistage 20 m shuttle run test was designed to determine the maximal aerobic power of schoolchildren, healthy adults attending fitness class and athletes performing in sports with frequent stops and starts (e.g. basketball, fencing and so on). Subjects run back and forth on a 20 m course and must touch the...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640418808729800
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Drinkwater-Ross anthropometric fractionation of body mass (mass = sigma skeletal, residual, fat and muscle masses), lean body mass (LBM = sigma skeletal, residual and muscle masses) and fat mass (FM) were compared with the measured body mass, together with the densitometrically estimated fat-free mass (FFM) and fa...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640419108729891
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inflammatory responsive cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) helps regulate immune responses to exercise. Evidence suggests that increases in IL-6 are related to exercise duration and intensity. However, the moderating effect of sex and underlying mediators have received limited attention. We compared plasma IL-6 respons...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the foot strike patterns (FSP), rearfoot position at initial contact (RPic, i.e., No INV/EVE) and foot rotation in children in relation to age. A total of 932 children aged 3 to 16 years participated in this study. A sagittal and frontal-plane video was recorded using a high-...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2018.1507237
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The yips is considered a task-specific movement disorder. Its estimated prevalence, however, is high compared to similar neurological movement disorders, possibly resulting from previous studies' restriction of samples based on skill level, and self-report bias. Alternatively, this high prevalence might be an indicati...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2014.961026
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to evaluate the test-retest reliability of a new device for assessing ankle joint kinesthesia. This device could measure the passive motion threshold of four ankle joint movements, namely plantarflexion, dorsiflexion, inversion and eversion. A total of 21 healthy adults, including 13 males and 8 femal...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2014.1003589
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Few studies have focused on the effect of posture during sprint start. The aim of this study was to measure the effect of the modification of horizontal distance between the blocks during sprint start on three dimensional (3D) joint angular velocity. Nine trained sprinters started using three different starting positi...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2012.729076
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper describes an analytical method for the design of iron golf club heads. The method divides the club head into the basic shape and the back-weighting. The basic shape, which consists of the club face profile, hosel and club face-hosel blend section, is configured directly from geometric specifications. An ada...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coaches are central to talent development in youth soccer and what they say and do impacts on players' achievements and well-being. Researchers have systematically observed coach behaviour and practice activities within this setting (i.e. 'what coaches do'). We review this research in light of contemporary discussion ...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the relationship between sit-to-stand (STS) power and physical function in adults with severe obesity. Thirty-eight adults (age: 44 ± 12 years; body mass index [BMI]: 45.2 ± 7.8 kg/m2) completed evaluations of STS power, strength and functional performance. STS power was measured with a wearable in...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of sleep hygiene (SH) education on sleep quality in soccer players after a late-evening small-sided-game (SSG) training session. Twenty-nine non-professional players were recruited and allocated to either an experimental group (EG, n = 17) that received SH education, o...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/02640414.2019.1661938
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study aimed to provide reference values for lower-limb muscle power assessed during the incremental jump squat (JS) test in elite athletes (i.e., professional athletes competing at international level). We pooled data from all JS tests performed by elite athletes of different sports in two high-performance...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1080/02640414.2020.1783150
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rules of competitive boardsailing events were changed before the Atlanta Olympic Games. Pumping the sail (pulling repeatedly on the rig) is now allowed and the duration of races has been shortened. Eight members of the French national team (mean age 23+/-2.7 years) participated in this study. Their cardiac and met...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An evaluation of a six-week Combined minimal footwear transition and gait-retraining combination vs. gait retraining only on impact characteristics and leg stiffness. Twenty-four trained male runners were randomly assigned to either (1) Minimalist footwear transition Combined with gait-retraining over a six-week perio...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/02640414.2016.1224916
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study examined Yo-Yo intermittent recovery level 2 (YYIR2) and submaximal YYIR1 test performances in 172 male semi-professional football players (age; 25.8 ± 4.1 years) representing all teams in a top league at pre-season, start-season, mid-season and end-season. YYIR2 performance was 847 ± 227 m (±SD) at pre-seas...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we examine the effect of exercise on the time and flow characteristics of the respiratory cycle profile at the point of volitional exercise termination. Eight males (mean age 29 years, s = 10; body mass 74 kg, s = 7; height 1.75 m, s = 0.04) undertook a cycle test to volitional exhaustion on a cycle erg...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physical activity is important in obesity prevention, but the effectiveness of different physical activity modalities remains to be determined among children. The main purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a 6-month soccer programme and a traditional physical activity programme on changes in body composi...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2016.1140219
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine hip joint kinetics during a table tennis topspin forehand, and to investigate the relationship between the relevant kinematic and kinetic variables and the racket horizontal and vertical velocities at ball impact. Eighteen male advanced table tennis players hit cross-court to...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2017.1344777
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
