Abstract:
:Cathepsin B (CB) is involved in degradation of extracellular matrix proteins during tumor progression in human solid organ tumors (such as colorectal, bladder, and breast cancers), including human prostate cancer. Its activities are regulated by endogenous inhibitors (such as stefins or cystatins). Increased expression of cathepsin B message, protein, and membrane association have been linked to malignancy, but there are very few studies of their mRNA expression in prostate cancer using in situ hybridization techniques. Our objective was to determine the relationship of CB and stefin A (cystatin A) mRNA localization to the Gleason grading system for histologic scores in the hope of distinguishing aggressive and less aggressive variants of prostate cancer. We used a 25-base biotinylated oligonucleotide CB cDNA antisense probe to localize CB message and a 27-base biotinylated oligonucleotide stefin A cDNA antisense probe to localize stefin A message. Prostate samples from 41 prostatectomy patients were collected along with their pre-surgery serum PSA levels and clinical stage of the disease. Sections prepared from frozen prostate tissue samples were hybridized with the CB and stefin A and control pBR 322 probes using techniques reported by Sinha et al. [1] and their distribution quantitated by an image analysis system. Prostate sections treated with RNAse before hybridization or incubated with the pBR 322 control probe showed little or no reaction products, confirming that localization of CB and stefin A probes was specific. In prostate cancer, the reaction products were found in neoplastic and invasive cells and occasionally in stromal cells. The ratios of CB to stefin A were similar in normal prostate and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) whereas they varied consistently within and between Gleason histologic scores for prostate cancer. These variations showed three localization patterns; namely, prostate cancers with higher levels of CB than stefin A, lower levels of CB than stefin A, and similar levels of CB and stefin A. All three patterns and ratios for CB and stefin A were found in prostate samples (22/41) represented by the Gleason histologic score 6 tumors. In these tumors, serum PSA levels ranged from 1 to 78 ng/ml and prostate cancers showed B, C, and D clinical stages. There was no correlation of CB/stefin A ratio and serum PSA values or clinical stage in a limited number of prostate cancer cases. Our data showed that there were prostate cancer cases within Gleason histologic scores which expressed high, similar, and low levels of CB when compared to stefin A. We postulate that prostate cancer cases showing higher levels of CB compared to stefin A probably represent an aggressive variant of this cancer within any one Gleason histologic score. If this is the case, aggressive variants of prostate cancer would occur within Gleason scores 3 to 10 even though higher scores are usually considered more aggressive forms of prostate cancers. Since our study is based upon a very limited number of frozen prostate samples, we emphasize that a larger series of archival prostate cancer samples along with their survival data should be analyzed to establish any relationship of CB/stefin A ratio and aggressive variants of this cancer. Therefore, our conclusion is tentative. Our study provides a partial explanation for differences in the clinical course of prostate cancer in patients. This is the first study to show that determination of CB and stefin A mRNA ratios may lead to identification of aggressive and less aggressive variants of prostate cancer within a Gleason histologic score.
journal_name
Anticancer Resjournal_title
Anticancer researchauthors
Sinha AA,Quast BJ,Korkowski JC,Wilson MJ,Reddy PK,Ewing SL,Sloane BF,Gleason DFsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-07-01 00:00:00pages
2821-9issue
4Beissn
0250-7005issn
1791-7530journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a locally invasive neoplasm, rarely metastatic, yet capable of significant local destruction and disfigurement. Invasion into the bone is uncommon and only a few cases of invasion into facial bones, but never to the mandible or maxilla, have been described. We report three patients with B...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role of body composition and oxidative stress measured by total thiol groups (TTG) levels in prostate specimens of patients affected by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostate cancer (PCa). PATIENTS AND METHODS:From January 2011 to January 2013, a cohort of 150 consecutive male pati...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study the unexpected findings from the analysis of 278 breast cancer tissue specimens are reported. A surprising strongly positive correlation between an unfavourable and a favourable prognosis with markers cathepsin D and pS2 respectively, was revealed by linear regression analysis (Pearson, Student-T-Test). ...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To assess the ability of ultrasound (US)-guided vacuum-assisted breast excision (VAE) to remove Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) ≥3 breast lesions in order to analyze US features most frequently associated with complete excision. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A total of 266 BI-RADS ≥3 lesions without mic...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21873/anticanres.14125
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:The clinical efficiency of cisplatin (CDDP) against gastric cancer is often limited by the development of resistance. A third-generation platinum-containing agent, oxaliplatin (L-OHP), has been introduced for treating gastric cancer. Here, we studied oxaliplatin in vitro to reveal the mechanism of ac...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The magnetic resonance (MR) findings in malignant melanoma of soft tissues, also called clear cell sarcoma of tendons and aponeuroses, have been described as a focal abnormality with a specific MR pattern of increased signal intensity (relative to normal muscle) on T1 weighted sequences and variably decreased signal i...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complementary antitumor treatments are required to increase the cure rate achieved by surgery and/or radiotherapy by avoiding future recurrences and metastases. The growth of most solid tumors, particularly carcinomas, depends upon the simultaneous development of internal tumor vasculature to allow the proliferation o...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIM:Only 0.1-0.17% of all lung cancer patients are diagnosed with stage I or II small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Radiochemotherapy remains the standard treatment for limited stage disease. This study focused on prognostic factors in early stage SCLC treated with radiochemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Seven f...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21873/anticanres.11482
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is essential that cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) recognize tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and exhibit antitumor effects in immunological responses for tumor rejection. However, only a few cases with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have been studied for these antitumor mechanisms. We established a ca...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21873/anticanres.11898
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Various prognostic factors have been investigated in order to predict the minority of male germ cell tumor (GCT) patients who will develop resistant disease. However, no prognostic system has been proven accurate. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Paraffin-embedded tissue specimens, obtained from primary lesions during...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Understanding molecular abnormalities could potentially lead to novel investigational approaches in the molecular epidemiology of lung cancer. These might include the identification of patients at high risk for primary NSCLC and the surveillance of patients with known NSCLC who are being treated using lung-s...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the present study, 3 cytotoxic agents were combined as front-line chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. All 3 drugs have been used in other 2-agent combinations and have been shown to be effective as first-line therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Sixty-one (53 male, 8 female, me...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several signaling pathways have been recognized in normal c-kit-mediated signal transduction following stem cell factor (SCF) stimulation including Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI-3 K) pathways. In gast...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::PHIC [NSC-350602; (1,2-diaminocyclohexane) (isocitrato) platinum (II)] is a new highly water-soluble platinum derivative. Preclinical studies showed antitumor activity on a wide range of tumors, no cross-resistance with cisplatin and little or no nephrotoxicity in mice and baboons. A phase I clinical trial was then in...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently hormone - dependent mammary carcinoma cell lines were shown to exhibit in vitro significantly lower protein kinase C (PKC) activities and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) as compared to hormone - independent cell lines. Measurements of EGF-R levels in primary human breast cancer biopsies were determin...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ascorbate has dose-dependent inverse effects on cancer cells growth and expression of matrixmetalloproteinases (MMP) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), which regulate extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. We examined melanoma cell viability and ECM remodeling mechanisms of ascorbate and its modulation by...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ascaridol is the active principle of the American wormseed Chenopodium anthelminticum L. We isolated ascaridol from a commercial preparation of Chenopodium oil and analyzed its activity against different tumor cell lines in vitro (CCRF-CEM, HL60, MDA-MB-231). Multidrug-resistant (MDR) counterparts of these cell lines ...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To assess progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer receiving the combination of cisplatin (75 mg/m(2) i.v.) and cyclophosphamide (700 mg/m(2) i.v.) (CP), or the combination of paclitaxel (175 mg/m2) followed by cisplatin (75 mg/m2) (TP). PATIENTS...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIM:Individualized proper chemotherapy using in vitro drug sensitivity testing has been proposed as a novel therapeutic modality and shown to have better efficacy than empiric chemotherapy. However, issues around establishing a patient-derived cell culture or xenograft, the timing of the testing obtained, an...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21873/anticanres.13920
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chagas disease patients with longstanding megaesophagus have a significantly increased risk for esophageal carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS:PCR-SSCP analysis and DNA sequencing of esophageal mucosa from Chagas disease patients (with or without megaesophagus) in the exons of the TP53, CDKN2A and FHIT genes w...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Extracts from Viscum album L. are widely used as an adjuvant in complementary cancer therapy. While the mechanisms of mistletoe lectin (ML) cytotoxicity are well described, the viscotoxin (VT) effects are unclear at present. Thus, we treated human lymphocytes with VT and measured cell death-associated change...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The quest for immunotherapies against cancer has been ongoing for many years, and a greater understanding of the normal mechanisms involved in developing immune responses has now led to clinically effective therapies. With the licensing of Ipilimumab and Sipuleucel-T, immunotherapeutic strategies are taking their plac...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) on chemically-induced hepatic carcinogenesis (HCC) in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In a first set of experiments, mice were treated with diethylnitrosoamine intraperitoneally at two weeks of age. They were fed chow containing ...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21873/anticanres.13880
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Breast cancer cells frequently metastasize to the skeleton and produce and secrete proteinases, such as matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), which promote destruction of the bone matrix. However, the mechanism of MMP-13 expression induced in areas of bone metastasis is unknown. Here, the interaction between...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIM:Elderly cancer patients are more prevalent and require special attention. This study focused on the outcome of elderly (≥65 years) rectal cancer patients treated with tri-modality therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS:A total of 105 patients receiving neoadjuvant radio-chemotherapy and resection for locally adv...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.21873/anticanres.13830
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drug resistance eventually limits the effectiveness of antiestrogens in breast cancer treatment. Pharmacological reversal of this refractoriness has been attempted with R-Verapamil, a well tolerated calcium channel blocker. This drug significantly decreased the incidence of lung foci after intravenous seeding of the R...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several anti-cancer drugs are known to have proliferation-related effects on various cells, such as an activation of some transcription factors and an induction of some cytokines. We examined the effect of anti-cancer drugs on granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induction in human peripheral bloo...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human MAGE gene products are recognized by major histocompatibility complex-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes. We analyzed by RT-PCR the expression of MAGE-1, MAGE-2, MAGE-3 and HLA-A2 genes in 10 human gastric cancer cell lines and 46 human stomachs removed due to advanced gastric carcinomas. All the cell lines ...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::HAMAs (human anti mouse antibodies) in serum of patients may be stimulated as an immunologic reaction to the application of animal protein. They are differentiated into heterophilic (species-unspecific) and mouse-specific anti-isotypic (often IgG1) or-idiotypic antibodies as well as according to the human immunoglobul...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Thymidine phosphorylase (dThdPase) is identical to platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECCF) and has a function of angiogenesis in vitro and in several types of human carcinoma tissues. We have reported that expression of dThdPase was an independent prognostic factor in 116 gastric carcinomas...
journal_title:Anticancer research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00