Effects of temperature and snowfall on mortality in Pennsylvania.

Abstract:

:The relation between exposure to severe cold weather and mortality is examined in a retrospective study of deaths occurring during the month of January from 1991 to 1996 in Pennsylvania. Using division-days as units of observation (n = 1,560) aggregated from death certificates and geographic divisions, the authors estimated mortality rates for total deaths and deaths due to ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular diseases, and respiratory diseases by analyses based on generalized estimating equations. Total mortality increased on days of "extreme" climatic conditions, that is, when snowfall was greater than 3 cm and when temperatures were below -7 degrees C (rate ratio (RR) = 1.27, 95 percent confidence interval (CI) 1.12-1.44). On days of extreme conditions, mortality due to ischemic heart diseases tripled among males aged 35-49 years (RR = 3.54, 95 percent CI 2.35-5.35), increased for men aged 50-64 years (RR = 1.77, 95 percent CI 1.32-2.38), and rose for males aged 65 years and older (RR = 1.58, 95 percent CI 1.37-1.82), when compared with milder conditions. Among females, mortality for those aged 65 years and older increased for respiratory causes (RR = 1.68, 95 percent CI 1.28-2.21) and cerebrovascular causes (RR = 1.47, 95 percent CI 1.13-1.91). Cold and snow exposure may be hazardous among men as young as 35 years.

journal_name

Am J Epidemiol

authors

Gorjanc ML,Flanders WD,VanDerslice J,Hersh J,Malilay J

doi

10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009770

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1999-06-15 00:00:00

pages

1152-60

issue

12

eissn

0002-9262

issn

1476-6256

journal_volume

149

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Reduced excretion of a melatonin metabolite in workers exposed to 60 Hz magnetic fields.

    abstract::The effects of occupational 60 Hz magnetic field and ambient light exposures on the pineal hormone, melatonin, were studied in 142 male electric utility workers in Colorado, 1995-1996. Melatonin was assessed by radioimmunoassay of its metabolite, 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfate (6-OHMS), in post-work shift urine samples. P...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009914

    authors: Burch JB,Reif JS,Yost MG,Keefe TJ,Pitrat CA

    更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00

  • Risk of second primary malignancies in women with papillary thyroid cancer.

    abstract::Second malignancies in women diagnosed with thyroid cancer are of concern given the young average age at diagnosis and excellent survival. Data from the California Cancer Registry were used to evaluate the risk of second primary cancers among a retrospective population-based cohort of 10,932 women diagnosed with papil...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/aje/kwj072

    authors: Canchola AJ,Horn-Ross PL,Purdie DM

    更新日期:2006-03-15 00:00:00

  • Is More Area-Level Crime Associated With More Sitting and Less Physical Activity? Longitudinal Evidence From 37,162 Australians.

    abstract::Does a rise in crime result in increased sitting time and a reduction in physical activity? We used unobserved ("fixed")-effects models to examine associations between change in objectively measured crime (nondomestic violence, malicious damage, breaking and entering, and stealing, theft, and robbery) in Australia and...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/aje/kww106

    authors: Astell-Burt T,Feng X,Kolt GS,Jalaludin B

    更新日期:2016-12-15 00:00:00

  • Mental function following scalp irradiation during childhood.

    abstract::Between 1950 and 1960 about 20,000 israeli children were treated for tinea capitis by x-ray therapy as part of a large public health campaign to eradicate the disease. Dosimetric studies determined that these children were subjected to a mean brain dose of 130 rads. Almost 20 years later, possible radiation effects on...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113389

    authors: Ron E,Modan B,Floro S,Harkedar I,Gurewitz R

    更新日期:1982-07-01 00:00:00

  • Hepatitis Ain Greenland: importance of specific antibody testing in epidemiologic surveillance.

    abstract::An epidemic of viral hepatitis type A in an arctic area is described. From 1970-1974, 4961 clinical cases of hepatitis were reported in Greenland, corresponding to 11 per cent of the total population. Epidemiologic surveillance indicated person-to-person transmission of the disease, apparently by the oralfecal route. ...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112366

    authors: Skinhoj P,Mikkelsen F,Hollinger FB

    更新日期:1977-02-01 00:00:00

  • Confidence intervals for biomarker-based human immunodeficiency virus incidence estimates and differences using prevalent data.

    abstract::Prevalent biologic specimens can be used to estimate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence using a two-stage immunologic testing algorithm that hinges on the average time, T, between testing HIV-positive on highly sensitive enzyme immunoassays and testing HIV-positive on less sensitive enzyme immunoassays. Comm...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/aje/kwj344

    authors: Cole SR,Chu H,Brookmeyer R

    更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00

  • Invited commentary: residential segregation and health--the complexity of modeling separate social contexts.

    abstract::When researching racial disparities in health, residential segregation cannot be ignored. Because of segregation, contextual differences by race are so pronounced that ignoring them may lead to mis-estimating the effect of individual-level factors. However, given the stark racial separation of social contexts, researc...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 评论,杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/aje/kwn290

    authors: Acevedo-Garcia D,Osypuk TL

    更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00

  • Estimating the Time-Varying Joint Effects of Obesity and Smoking on All-Cause Mortality Using Marginal Structural Models.

    abstract::Obesity and smoking are independently associated with a higher mortality risk, but previous studies have reported conflicting results about the relationship between these 2 time-varying exposures. Using prospective longitudinal data (1987-2007) from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, our objective in the p...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/aje/kwv168

    authors: Banack HR,Kaufman JS

    更新日期:2016-01-15 00:00:00

  • Prevalence of erectile dysfunction and active depression: an analytic cross-sectional study of general medical patients.

    abstract::Erectile dysfunction is a common problem, affecting more than half of all men between the ages of 40 and 70 years. The authors' goal was to quantify the prevalence of concomitant erectile dysfunction and active depression among patients seen in a general medical setting between September 1998 and September 1999. Simpl...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/aje/kwf142

    authors: Kantor J,Bilker WB,Glasser DB,Margolis DJ

    更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00

  • Maternal smoking during lactation: relation to growth during the first year of life in a Dutch birth cohort.

    abstract::A recent article by Little et al. (Am J Epidemiol 1994;140:544-54) reported that infants in Seattle, Washington, who were breastfed by mothers who smoked gained more weight than either infants who were breastfed by mothers who did not smoke or infants who were bottle-fed by mothers who smoked. In this study, the autho...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009423

    authors: Boshuizen HC,Verkerk PH,Reerink JD,Herngreen WP,Zaadstra BM,Verloove-Vanhorick SP

    更新日期:1998-01-15 00:00:00

  • Incidence and risk factors for concussion in high school athletes, North Carolina, 1996-1999.

    abstract::A prospective cohort study was used to quantify risk factors for sports concussions. Analysis was based on a stratified cluster sample of North Carolina high school athletes followed during 1996-1999. Clustering was by school and sport, and the sample included 15,802 athletes with 1-8 seasons of follow-up per athlete....

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/aje/kwh304

    authors: Schulz MR,Marshall SW,Mueller FO,Yang J,Weaver NL,Kalsbeek WD,Bowling JM

    更新日期:2004-11-15 00:00:00

  • Memory of food intake in the distant past.

    abstract::Long term recalls of dietary intake are frequently used in case-control studies, but their validity and reliability have not been established. In this study, 91 middle-aged adults (median age, 50 years) who were participants in the Longitudinal Study of Child Health and Development at the Harvard School of Public Heal...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115404

    authors: Dwyer JT,Gardner J,Halvorsen K,Krall EA,Cohen A,Valadian I

    更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00

  • Total and Cause-Specific Mortality Risk Associated With Low-Level Exposure to Crystalline Silica: A 44-Year Cohort Study From China.

    abstract::The association between low-level crystalline silica (silica) exposure and mortality risk is not well understood. We investigated a cohort of 44,807 Chinese workers who had worked in metal mines or pottery factories for at least 1 year from January 1, 1960, to December 31, 1974, and were followed through 2003. Low-lev...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/aje/kwx124

    authors: Liu Y,Zhou Y,Hnizdo E,Shi T,Steenland K,He X,Chen W

    更新日期:2017-08-15 00:00:00

  • High plasma insulin level associated with coronary heart disease in the elderly.

    abstract::The relation between plasma insulin level and the prevalence of coronary heart disease was studied in a representative nondiabetic population sample of 396 men and 673 women aged 65-74 years in Kuopio, eastern Finland, in 1986-1988. No association between plasma insulin levels and the prevalence of previous myocardial...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116621

    authors: Mykkänen L,Laakso M,Pyörälä K

    更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00

  • The effects of temperature and use of air conditioning on hospitalizations.

    abstract::Several investigators have documented the effect of temperature on mortality, although fewer have studied its impact on morbidity. In addition, little is known about the effectiveness of mitigation strategies such as use of air conditioners (ACs). The authors investigated the association between temperature and hospit...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/aje/kwq231

    authors: Ostro B,Rauch S,Green R,Malig B,Basu R

    更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00

  • Erythema chronicum migrans and Lyme arthritis: epidemiologic evidence for a tick vector.

    abstract::Forty-three residents of 12 contiguous Connecticut communities were identified who had the onset of erythema chronicum migrans, Lyme arthritis, or both during the summer and fall of 1977. Nine of them (21%) remembered having been bitten by a tick at the site of the initial skin lesion a median of 12 days (range 3-20) ...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112625

    authors: Steere AC,Broderick TF,Malawista SE

    更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00

  • Guillain-Barre syndrome, influenzalike illnesses, and influenza vaccination during seasons with and without circulating A/H1N1 viruses.

    abstract::The role of influenzalike illnesses and influenza vaccination in the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), particularly the role of A/H1N1 epidemics and A/H1N1 vaccination, is debated. Data on all incident GBS cases meeting the Brighton Collaboration criteria that were diagnosed at 25 neurology centers in Fran...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/aje/kwr072

    authors: Grimaldi-Bensouda L,Alpérovitch A,Besson G,Vial C,Cuisset JM,Papeix C,Lyon-Caen O,Benichou J,Rossignol M,Lucien Abenhaim for the GBS-PGRx Study Group.

    更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00

  • Dietary intake related to prevalent functional limitations in midlife women.

    abstract::Physical functioning measures are considered integrated markers of the aging process. This prospective investigation examined relations between dietary intake of women at midlife in 1996-1997 and prevalence of physical functioning limitations 4 years later, defined by the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36. The samp...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/aje/kwm397

    authors: Tomey KM,Sowers MR,Crandall C,Johnston J,Jannausch M,Yosef M

    更新日期:2008-04-15 00:00:00

  • Invited commentary: composite outcomes as an attempt to escape from selection bias and related paradoxes.

    abstract::This commentary reviews the recent history of explanations to crossover paradoxes such as the birth weight and gestational age paradoxes, with a special emphasis on the current proposal by Kramer et al. in this issue of the Journal (Am J Epidemiol. 2014;179(3):361-367). We contend that the causal structure of these pa...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 评论,杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/aje/kwt283

    authors: Hernán MA,Schisterman EF,Hernández-Díaz S

    更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00

  • Objective system for interviewer performance evaluation for use in epidemiologic studies.

    abstract::In this paper, the authors present an objective system to evaluate interviewer performance for use in epidemiologic studies. With this quality control system, all study interviews are audio-taped, and a random sample of interviews are coded according to interviewer behaviors, such as whether the interviewer asked the ...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117192

    authors: Edwards S,Slattery ML,Mori M,Berry TD,Caan BJ,Palmer P,Potter JD

    更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00

  • Effect of early patient enrollment on the time to completion and publication of randomized controlled trials.

    abstract::The authors evaluated whether early enrollment affects the significance of the results and the time to completion and publication of randomized controlled trials. Seventy-seven efficacy randomized controlled trials (total enrollment, 28,992 patients) initiated by the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Clinical Trials ...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/aje/154.9.873

    authors: Haidich AB,Ioannidis JP

    更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00

  • The effect of two mailing strategies on the response to a survey of physicians.

    abstract::In 1989, the authors tested the effectiveness of two response-enhancing techniques, a postage stamped or franked return envelope and a prenotification letter, in a survey of pregnancy among 10,047 resident physicians in the United States. The techniques were randomly assigned using a factorial design. No significant i...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116126

    authors: Shiono PH,Klebanoff MA

    更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00

  • Invited Commentary: Rethinking Cervical Cancer Elimination in Terms of Lifetime Risk Rather Than Arbitrarily-Defined Age-Standardized Incidence Rates.

    abstract::Vänskä et al. (Am J Epidemiol. XXXX;XXX(XX):XXXX-XXXX)) provide us with cohort lifetime risks of cervical cancer attributable to different human papillomavirus (HPV) types in Sweden. We argue that a standardized lifetime risk such as those calculated by Vänskä et al. might be a more appropriate public health target fo...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/aje/kwaa120

    authors: Malagón T,Franco EL

    更新日期:2020-07-08 00:00:00

  • Vitamin measurements in pooled blood samples.

    abstract::From 610 blood samples collected in September 1983 in an intervention trial in Huixian, Henan Province, People's Republic of China, which were individually analyzed for retinol, beta-carotene, and alpha-tocopherol levels, 10 pools were formed from 50 individual samples, and the vitamin levels in the merged pools were ...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114269

    authors: Wahrendorf J,Hanck AB,Muñoz N,Vuilleumier JP,Walker AM

    更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00

  • Body size and risk of breast cancer.

    abstract::The relation between body size and breast cancer remains uncertain, particularly with regard to differences between pre- and postmenopausal women. The authors examined whether height, weight, body mass index, and weight change were associated with breast cancer risk among pre- and postmenopausal women. This population...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009057

    authors: Trentham-Dietz A,Newcomb PA,Storer BE,Longnecker MP,Baron J,Greenberg ER,Willett WC

    更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00

  • The relation between perceived unfair treatment and blood pressure in a racially/ethnically diverse sample of women.

    abstract::Elevated blood pressure is an important public health problem in midlife women, especially among minority groups. Few studies have examined the impact of perceived unfair treatment due to different factors such as racism, sexism, or ageism on blood pressure. By use of a racially/ethnically diverse community sample of ...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/aje/kwj196

    authors: Brown C,Matthews KA,Bromberger JT,Chang Y

    更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00

  • A longitudinal analysis of the influence of the neighborhood built environment on walking for transportation: the RESIDE study.

    abstract::The purpose of the present analysis was to use longitudinal data collected over 7 years (from 4 surveys) in the Residential Environments (RESIDE) Study (Perth, Australia, 2003-2012) to more carefully examine the relationship of neighborhood walkability and destination accessibility with walking for transportation that...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1093/aje/kwu171

    authors: Knuiman MW,Christian HE,Divitini ML,Foster SA,Bull FC,Badland HM,Giles-Corti B

    更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00

  • Smoking, alcohol consumption, and the risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a population-based study.

    abstract::Smoking has been posited as a possible risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but large population-based studies of patients with incident disease are still needed. The authors performed a population-based case-control study in the Netherlands between 2006 and 2009, including 494 patients with incident A...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/aje/kws015

    authors: de Jong SW,Huisman MH,Sutedja NA,van der Kooi AJ,de Visser M,Schelhaas HJ,Fischer K,Veldink JH,van den Berg LH

    更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00

  • Serum antibodies and subsequent cervical neoplasms: a prospective study with 12 years of follow-up.

    abstract::Approximately 40,000 blood samples drawn in 1968-1972 by the Social Insurance Institution's mobile clinic in Finland have been stored. Linking cancer incidence data obtained from the Finnish Cancer Registry with this material yielded 32 cases of cervical cancer diagnosed after drawing of the blood sample. These 32 ind...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116656

    authors: Hakama M,Lehtinen M,Knekt P,Aromaa A,Leinikki P,Miettinen A,Paavonen J,Peto R,Teppo L

    更新日期:1993-01-15 00:00:00

  • A case-control study of leukemia at a naval nuclear shipyard.

    abstract::A matched case-control study was conducted of 53 leukemia deaths and of 212 controls within a previously studied cohort of 24,545 on-shore workers employed between January 1, 1952 and August 15, 1977 at the Portsmouth (New Hampshire) Naval Shipyard. The study sought to ascertain a priori whether there was an associati...

    journal_title:American journal of epidemiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114350

    authors: Stern FB,Waxweiler RA,Beaumont JJ,Lee ST,Rinsky RA,Zumwalde RD,Halperin WE,Bierbaum PJ,Landrigan PJ,Murray WE Jr

    更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00