Abstract:
:This article illustrates an application of confirmatory factor analysis, using the LISREL program, to retrospective analysis of rating data common in health professions education. We begin with specification of a causal model reflecting the multitrait-multimethod design of a surgical house-officer ranking system. The model is then tested using data provided by rating system functioning over two successive years. The results suggest that although most rating measures do cluster around latent traits as hypothesized, there is more method variance in the data set than trait variance. The trait and method factors are also found to be highly intercorrelated. Practical implications of these results include specific modifications in the rating system, potentially leading to improvement of the system.
journal_name
Eval Health Profjournal_title
Evaluation & the health professionsauthors
Friedman CP,Trier WC,Forsythe GBdoi
10.1177/016327878701000110subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-03-01 00:00:00pages
106-19issue
1eissn
0163-2787issn
1552-3918journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The medical education literature concerned with the teaching role fulfilled by house officers was reviewed by the authors. Articles were presented in three categories: (1) studies of house officer effort, (2) perceptions of the house officer's teaching role, and (3) assessing and improving house officer teaching skill...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/016327878801100101
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The movement of a group of chronically mentally ill clients among various facilities for residential care was described with a Markov probability model. The results of a goodness-of-fit test indicated that the model accurately captured the flow of clients among the state psychiatric hospital, the in-patient units, the...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878100400108
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Persons with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (PWCs) completed and returned by mail a brief survey of open- and closed-ended items designed to assess their utilization and preferences for a variety of services. A total of 984 middle-aged adults diagnosed with Chronic Fatique Syndrome (CFS) from across North America returned t...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327879601900204
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The medical group survey from the CAHPS (formerly Consumer Assessment of Health Plans Study) project, G-CAHPS, focuses on patient experiences in receiving care from their medical group practice. We compared mail and telephone responses to the G-CAHPS survey in a sample of 880 patients from four physician groups. Patie...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/0163278705281074
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The set of articles appearing in this issue of Evaluation & the Health Professions provides an in-depth examination of the validation process for licensing and certification test score decisions. The winter 1990 issue of Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice also contains an excellent set of articles about lice...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/016327879401700208
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) program was designed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to develop processes and infrastructure for clinical and translational research throughout the United States. The CTSA initiative now funds 61 institutions. In 2012, the National Center for Advancing Tra...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278713499586
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Normalization has gained wide acceptance as a goal that residential institutations for the mentally retarded should strive to achieve, but many organizations have been shown to have difficulty achieving the goal. Theories developed from the organizational contingency perspective suggest that organizations with bureauc...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878000300105
更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present report describes the use of patient focus groups by a primary health care facility. We review our rationale for using focus groups and the process we used to prepare for and conduct them. We then highlight the results and lessons learned through this experience. Focus groups can be an excellent method for ...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/01632780022034480
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this concluding article, the authors describe factors that influence the international translation of programs. These include language, control over the translation process, local normative challenges to translation, program adaptation, and globalization. The authors suggest that systematic efforts at language tran...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278708320168
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complementary and alternative therapies such as reflexology and acupuncture have been the subject of numerous evaluations, clinical trials, and systematic reviews, yet the empirical evidence in support of their efficacy remains equivocal. The empirical evaluation of a therapy would normally assume a plausible rational...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278710361923
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article, we review three innovative methods: multiform protocols, visual analog scaling, and the retrospective pretest-posttest design that can be used in evaluation research. These three techniques have been proposed for decades, but unfortunately, they are still not utilized readily in evaluation research. O...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0163278718759396
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article summarizes research on Type II translation of prevention interventions aimed at enhancing the adoption of effective programs and practices in communities. The primary goal of Type II translation is to institutionalize evidence-based programs, products, and services. First, the authors describe theoretical...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278706290408
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this article was to describe the effectiveness of a multifocus recruitment strategy to a pilot project allowing direct provision of emergency contraception (EC) in a community pharmacy through collaborative agreements between pharmacists and physicians. The project recruited pharmacies through direct ...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278703261202
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report describes an easily administered scale for measuring perceived burden among caregivers of family members with dementia. During home interviews conducted in 1991, 82 caregivers rated their family member with dementia on several items related to functional ability, the type of care provided, and associated s...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rising health care costs in general and hospital costs in particular have placed significant financial strain on federal programs such as Medicare. It was with this in mind that the Reagan administration in 1983 initiated Medicare's new prospective payment system based on diagnostic-related groups (DRGs) to reduce the...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878801100405
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article provides an analysis of the way in which placebo effects could be investigated and taken into account, supported by a description of some of the major articles that have been published on this topic. Based on conceptual, theoretical, and methodological issues, the authors highlight some of the reasons for...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0163278703026002003
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patient satisfaction has been related to patient compliance, doctor-patient information exchange, and continuity of care. However, the construct of patient satisfaction is not well defined; its measurement has typically consisted of the anecdotal generation of questions that may not tap issues of concern to patients. ...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878400700106
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assessing bowel function (BF) in prostate cancer can help determine therapeutic trade-offs. We determined the components of BF commonly assessed in prostate cancer studies as an initial step in creating an item bank for clinical and research application. We analyzed six archived data sets representing 4,246 men with p...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278705275338
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::People with psychiatric disabilities need to be able to express their views about their support, for example, the provision of meaningful activity in supported accommodation. Brief scales may be necessary to avoid strain and discomfort for this group. The aim was to develop a brief version of Perceived Meaning in Acti...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278719845036
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors describe the customary tools used by health services researchers to conduct economic evaluations of health interventions. Recognizing the inherent challenges of these tools for utilization in contemporary public health practice, we recommend a practical cost-benefit analysis (PCBA) to allow public health p...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278710393955
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two-arm time-to-event (or survival) trials are powered to continue until a required number of events is reached. The authors discuss how the required number of events should be defined for a study with three or more arms with various pairwise comparisons and a common control arm. They advocate stopping one active arm ...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278707304037
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this study were to explore the meaning of scientific evidence as it is understood by primary care physicians. Individual interviews were conducted with actors chosen for their roles in the production and use of knowledge: 22 family physicians, 13 specialist physicians, and 6 researchers. Two situatio...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278707311870
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A questionnaire was distributed at the American Association of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome's biannual convention in Washington in January 2001 as well as through various Internet Web sites and listserves during early February and March of 2001. The sample consisted of 432 respondents. Most respondents (86%) indicated the...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/01632780122034993
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article presents a discussion of the pitfalls of sloppy science as it is applied to the evaluation of human service programs. The differences are examined between use of the scientific method and trial-and-error approaches to assessment. The major requirements for sound research are presented, as are the pitfalls...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327879301600401
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A needs assessment is a research and planning activity designed to determine a community's service needs and utilization patterns. One of the most practical ways to plan services is to gather information accurately about a defined population and use that information to revise existing programs or develop new ones. Unf...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878400700206
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subjective tinnitus is an enigmatic and chronic condition that is predominantly managed as symptomatic. Little high-level evidence exists for the efficacy and specificity of the various tinnitus management strategies currently used, and this is reflected in documents that aim to guide clinicians. As a consequence, the...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278710390355
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article summarizes the results of a critical review of several cost-benefit analyses (CBA) of health care programs. With pertinent examples, it is demonstrated that the results and conclusions of a study depend upon the assumptions and methods underlying the measurement of costs and benefits in a CBA. Given the i...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/016327878400700302
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The benefits of HIV treatment (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy [HAART]) have been less apparent in injecting drug users (IDUs), most probably as a result of poor adherence to treatment. We explored factors related to HIV treatment adherence as reported by 23 IDU-HIV patients and nine health professionals from hea...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278711401743
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prevalence of hepatitis C (HCV) in injection drug users (IDUs) is high and once HCV has been detected, follow-up medical care is essential. Six hundred and one current and former IDUs who tested positive for HCV antibodies received referrals for medical care. Twenty-four percent (147) of participants returned to be in...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278706296003
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obtaining a high response rate in survey research can bolster statistical power, reduce sampling error, and enhance the generalizability of the results to the population surveyed. We describe a mail survey designed to achieve a high return rate of completed questionnaires from members of the American Psychological Ass...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/01678702025002002
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00