Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Some retroviral antigens share structural homology within a group of related retroviruses. It is possible that antibodies directed against one virus may cross-react with antigens from a different virus in the group. METHODS:Using this principle, the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) Western blot assay was used as an available source of human retroviral antigens to screen serum samples from an archived collection to ascertain whether there was an association between serum antiretroviral antibodies and mental illnesses. RESULTS:A statistically significant proportion (28/54, 52%) of patients suffering from psychiatric disorders had serum antibodies that recognized at least one antigen present on the blot, culminating in indeterminate HIV-1 tests. The majority of the reactive samples were directed against the HIV-1 group antigens p24 and p17. These findings contrast with those of nonpsychiatric patients, who had 4/16 (25%) indeterminate blots. CONCLUSIONS:The results suggest exposure to retroviral antigens related to those of HIV-1 in subpopulations of schizophrenic, schizophrenic spectrum disorder, and bipolar disorder patients.
journal_name
Biol Psychiatryjournal_title
Biological psychiatryauthors
Hart DJ,Heath RG,Sautter FJ Jr,Schwartz BD,Garry RF,Choi B,Beilke MA,Hart LKdoi
10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00229-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-03-15 00:00:00pages
704-14issue
6eissn
0006-3223issn
1873-2402pii
S0006322398002297journal_volume
45pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Temporal lobe glucose metabolic rate was assessed in 21 off-medication patients with schizophrenia and 19 normal controls by positron emission tomography with 18F-deoxyglucose. Patients with schizophrenia had significantly greater metabolic activity in the left than the right anterior temporal lobe, and the extent of ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(89)90263-1
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Perinatal maternal depression is a serious health concern with potential lasting negative consequences for children. Prenatal depression is associated with altered brain gray matter in children, though relations between postpartum depression and children's brains and the role of white matter are unclear. ME...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.12.004
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies indicate that compared with healthy volunteers, patients with bipolar disorder have structural and functional abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in prefrontal subregions between bipolar patients and he...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01350-1
更新日期:2002-07-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of psychosis. One study has suggested that genetic variation in the AKT1 gene might influence this effect. METHODS:In a case-control study of 489 first-episode psychosis patients and 278 control subjects, we investigated the interaction between variation at ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.06.020
更新日期:2012-11-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Abnormalities of cortical neuronal organization and reductions in neuronal somal size have been reported in schizophrenia. The purpose of this investigation was to assess patterns of neuronal and glial distribution in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia, bipo...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00114-8
更新日期:2003-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Several lines of evidence suggest that dopamine might be involved in anxiety states. In this study, we assessed the growth hormone (GH) response to apomorphine (a dopaminergic agonist) 0.5 mg SC in nine drug-free inpatients meeting Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for panic disorder who were age-matched and gender-m...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(92)90061-4
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Head growth rates are often accelerated in autism. This study is aimed at defining the clinical, morphological, and biochemical correlates of head circumference in autistic patients. METHODS:Fronto-occipital head circumference was measured in 241 nonsyndromic autistic patients, 3 to 16 years old, diagnosed ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.04.039
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Potential recovery of electrophysiological and neuropsychological functions was investigated in alcoholics completing treatment and controls. Event-related potentials (ERPs) and neuropsychological tests were administered initially and repeated 14 months later. Alcoholics were classified as resumers or abstainers based...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(94)90639-4
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tourette syndrome (TS) is thought to involve dopaminergic disturbances, but the nature of those disturbances remains controversial. Existing hypotheses suggest that TS involves 1) supersensitive dopamine receptors, 2) overactive dopamine transporters that cause low tonic but high phasic dopamine, 3) presynaptic dysfun...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.02.1172
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Relations between stress hormones and antisocial behavior are understudied. METHODS:A subsample (n = 335) of at-risk males recruited in first grade for a longitudinal study were recruited at approximately 16 years of age for a laboratory study, including two psychological challenges: describing their worst ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2005-05-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:No objective diagnostic biomarkers or laboratory tests have yet been developed for psychotic illness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies consistently find significant abnormalities in multiple brain structures in psychotic patients relative to healthy control subjects, but these abnormalities show subs...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.07.019
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concentrations of the three main monoamines (5-HT, NA, and DA), their metabolites (5-HIAA, DOPAC, and HVA), and the serotonin precursor 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan were simultaneously measured in frontal cortex, gyrus cinguli, and hypothalamus from 23 controls and 18 suicide victims. Overall suicides did not show significa...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(96)00239-9
更新日期:1997-05-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bipolar disorder is associated with functional and structural abnormalities in the brain circuits involved in processing emotional stimuli. Although impairments of cognitive function have been found to persist in bipolar patients during periods of euthymic mood, it is not known whether abnormalities in emoti...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01249-5
更新日期:2002-02-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is marked by intrusive, chronic, and distressing memories of highly emotional events. Previous research has highlighted the role of the amygdala and its interactions with the hippocampus in mediating the effect of enhanced memory for emotional information in healthy indiv...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.07.018
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Depression is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome that is often very severe and life threatening. In spite of the remarkable progress in understanding the neural biology, the etiopathophysiology of depression is still elusive. In this study, we have investigated molecular mechanisms in the prefrontal cortex ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.09.024
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia show deficits in clinical, neuropsychological, neurobiological and social domains, in the absence of psychosis. We recently reformulated Meehl's concept of schizotaxia to conceptualize the liability to schizophrenia, and we proposed preliminary crite...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01116-7
更新日期:2001-09-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Schizophrenia risk is associated with both genetic and environmental risk factors. Furthermore, cognitive abnormalities are established core characteristics of schizophrenia. We aim to assess whether a classification approach encompassing risk factors, cognition, and their associations can discriminate patie...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.11.007
更新日期:2020-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The lateral nucleus of the amygdala (LA) is a crucial part of the neural circuitry underlying the formation and storage of memories established through fear conditioning. To investigate corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) contributions to fear memory in LA, the present experiments tested the effects of intr...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.08.021
更新日期:2013-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::The aberrant salience hypothesis proposes that striatal dopamine dysregulation causes misattribution of salience to irrelevant stimuli leading to psychosis. Recently, new lines of preclinical evidence on information coding by subcortical dopamine coupled with computational models of the brain's ability to predict and ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.03.012
更新日期:2020-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Certain investigators have asserted that the illness of anorexia nervosa is a form of hypothalamic disturbance. The relationship between 24-hr urine 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) and dexamethasone suppression tests was examined in 13 female patients with AN diagnosed by RDC. Patients showed a consistent assoc...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neurons in the basal ganglia are connected to areas of prefrontal cerebral cortex involved in higher cognitive functions, and these connections occur primarily via the thalamus. In patients with bipolar disorder, regardless of age, neuroimaging studies have consistently reported an increased number of white ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.01.002
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The reported inverse relationship between indices of central serotonin (5-HT) function and indices of impulsive aggression in human subjects suggests the possibility that enhancement of 5-HT activity will reduce impulsive aggressive behavior. Although evidence for this hypothesis is emerging, the relationshi...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(97)00309-0
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In this study we extended previous work by examining whether disturbances in the circadian rhythms of cortisol during the menstrual cycle distinguish patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) from normal control (NC) subjects. In addition, we tested the differential response to the effects of earl...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00876-3
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Brain imaging research in posttraumatic stress disorder has been largely performed on patients with chronic disease, often heavily medicated, with current or past alcohol and substance abuse. Additionally, virtually only activation brain imaging paradigms have been done in posttraumatic stress disorder, wher...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00525-0
更新日期:2003-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::To explore possible disturbances of cerebral monoamines linked to glucose metabolism, 18 schizophrenics, 21 neurotics, and 21 controls were given a 5-hr glucose tolerance test, and the effect of the glucose load on total and free tryptophan, insulin, and free fatty acids in serum was studied in medication-free patient...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are very few reports about asterixis as a side effect of treatment with psychopharmacologic agents. In this report we present four patients treated with a combination of different psychotropic drugs, in whom asterixis was triggered either by adding carbamazepine (CBZ) to a treatment regimen, or by increasing its...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(92)90040-7
更新日期:1992-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::[3H]imipramine binding to platelets was measured in 17 drug-free panic disorder patients and 14 healthy controls. No difference in Bmax or Kd values was found between the two groups. Patients with a past history of major melancholic depression or severe agoraphobia had similar binding parameters as panic disorder pati...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(87)90129-6
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is growing evidence that the dysregulation of circadian rhythms may play an important role in irregular sleep-waking in demented elderly. In this study, we investigated daily variation of the pineal hormone melatonin, which has been reported to possess hypnogenic and synchronizing effects, in patients ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00510-6
更新日期:1999-02-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The relationship between vitamin status and cognitive functioning has been addressed in several recent studies with inconclusive results. The purpose of this study was to examine separate and combined effects of serum vitamin B12 and folic acid on episodic memory functioning in very old age. METHODS:Four st...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00234-0
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The observation that some patients with schizophrenia display subtly anomalous craniofacial features dates back to the early 1900s and has recently been hypothesized to reflect disrupted prenatal development also involving the brain. Most studies to date have used observer ratings rather than physical measur...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.06.034
更新日期:2006-02-15 00:00:00