Abstract:
:Many of the compounds considered for use in pharmaceutical formulations demonstrate incompatibilities with other components at high enough concentrations, including pairs of polymers, polymers and salts, or even proteins in combination with polymers, salts, or other proteins. Freeze concentration can force solutions into a region where incompatibilities between solutes will manifest as the formation of multiple phases. Such phase separation complicates questions of the stability of the formulation as well as labile components, such as proteins. Yet, phase separation events are difficult to identify by common formulation screening methods. In this report, we use the osmotic virial expansion model of Edmond and Ogston (1) to describe phase-separating behavior of ternary aqueous polymer solutions. Second osmotic virial coefficients of polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG) and dextran T500 were measured by light scattering. Assuming an equilibrium between ice and water in the freeze-concentrated solution, a degree of freeze concentration can be estimated, which, when combined with the phase separation spinodal, describes a "phase separation envelope" in which phase separation tendencies can be expected in the frozen solution. The phase separation envelope is bounded at low temperatures by the glass transition temperature of the freeze-concentrated solution. Scanning electron microscopic images and infrared spectroscopy of protein structure are provided as experimental evidence of the phase separation envelope in a freeze-dried system of PEG, dextran, and hemoglobin.
journal_name
Arch Biochem Biophysjournal_title
Archives of biochemistry and biophysicsauthors
Heller MC,Carpenter JF,Randolph TWdoi
10.1006/abbi.1998.1078subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-03-15 00:00:00pages
191-201issue
2eissn
0003-9861issn
1096-0384pii
S0003-9861(98)91078-5journal_volume
363pub_type
杂志文章abstract::3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase exists in interconvertible active and inactive forms in cultured fibroblasts from normal and familial hypercholesterolemic subjects. The inactive form can be activated by endogenous or added phosphoprotein phosphatase. Active or partially active HMG-CoA reducta...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
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doi:10.1016/0003-9861(86)90120-7
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abstract::Microsomal P450s catalyze the monooxygenation of a large variety of hydrophobic compounds, including drugs, steroids, carcinogens, and fatty acids. The interaction of microsomal P450s with their electron transfer partner, NADPH-P450 reductase, during the transfer of electrons from NADPH to P450, for oxygen activation,...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
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abstract::The capacity of rats and humans to adapt to low dietary Ca by increasing intestinal Ca absorption declines with age. The intestinal calbindin-D-9k protein (calbindin) is thought to play a role in the transcellular transport of Ca across the mammalian intestine. The purpose of these studies was to determine the effect ...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
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doi:10.1016/j.abb.2003.09.025
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journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0003-9861(85)90800-8
更新日期:1985-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The secretion of newly synthesized apolipoprotein E (apo E) by human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMD macrophages) was measured in the medium of cells which had been incubated for 24 h with or without either native or acetylated low-density lipoproteins (LDL or AcLDL, respectively), and subsequently with [35S]methion...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
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doi:10.1016/0003-9861(85)90704-0
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journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
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更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/abbi.2000.1740
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-10-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/abbi.1994.1105
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::By anion-exchange chromatography, the nitrogen fixing photosynthetic stem nodules and nonphotosynthetic root nodules of Sesbania rostrata are shown to contain the same seven major components of leghemoglobin (Lb), numbered LbI-LbVII in order of elution, although in different proportions. No novel component was found i...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0003-9861(87)90102-0
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although life as we know it evolved in an aqueous medium, the properties of water are not completely understood. In this review, we focus on the role of water in guiding protein folding and stability. Specifically, we discuss the mechanisms of protein folding in an aqueous environment, the effects of water on the fold...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.abb.2007.07.007
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hexapeptide Hyp-Gly-Pro-Lys-Gly-Glu was synthesized as a potential substrate for collagen lysyl hydroxylase. Kinetic data on the interaction of this peptide with purified chicken embryo lysyl hydroxylase showed that the hexapeptide is a moderately good substrate having Km, Vmax, and Kcat/Km values comparable to th...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0003-9861(92)90088-e
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::NahR, a member of the LysR regulator family, is a positive transcriptional regulator for genes of the naphthalene degradation pathway in Pseudomonas sp. To study NahR binding properties, five single and six double mutants were made at residues 169 and/or 248, which are located in the central inducer recognition domain...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.abb.2004.10.020
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.abb.2018.12.027
更新日期:2019-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:to investigate α2-AR subtype distribution and the relationship between receptor amounts and their functionality in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. METHODS:experiments were performed on left ventricular cardiomyocytes isolated from Wistar rats and SHR (2-2.5 months). Molecular routine tools (RT-P...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.abb.2019.108109
更新日期:2019-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The nuclear receptor CAR (constitutive active receptor) mediates the induction of transcription of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes by phenobarbital (PB) and PB-type inducers. A recent study using CAR-null mice has shown that CAR regulates not only the CYP genes but also other genes encoding various drug/steroid-metabolizi...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0003-9861(02)00456-3
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) a 0.8-kb product was amplified from cDNA made from the midgut and Malpighian tubules of fifth instar larvae of Helicoverpa virescens. This 0.8-kb PCR product was then used to isolate a clone of the B subunit of the V-type ATPase from a cDNA library made from the same tissues. ...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0003-9861(91)90109-v
更新日期:1991-11-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.abb.2006.12.031
更新日期:2007-03-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.abb.2014.09.016
更新日期:2014-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::An inhibitor protein of the catalytic subunit of the cyclic 3',5'-AMP-dependent protein kinase from the nematode Ascaris suum was isolated and characterized. The molecular weight of the inhibitor was estimated as 28,000 by electrophoresis under denaturing conditions and as 30,000 by gel permeation chromatography on Su...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0003-9861(92)90676-n
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The NCI-H69 cell alpha 1----3fucosyltransferase has been purified from a 0.2% Triton X-100R solubilized enzyme fraction by GDP-hexanolamine-Sepharose affinity chromatography and Superose 12 gel filtration. Photoaffinity labeling experiments with 125I-GDP-hexanolaminyl-4-azidosalicylic acid present in concentrations eq...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0003-9861(92)90611-y
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Replication of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is inhibited by interferons (IFNs), in part through activity of the IFN-inducible protein kinase PKR. To escape this antiviral effect, HIV-1 has developed strategies for blocking PKR function. We have previously shown that the HIV-1 Tat protein can associa...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/abbi.1999.1583
更新日期:2000-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Chromatium vinosum contains a polypeptide that is functionally and structurally similar to the Escherichia coli chaperonin 10. The protein has been purified to homogeneity by sucrose density gradient centrifugation followed by gel filtration using a Bio-Gel A-1.5 m column. The molecular mass of chaperonin 10, as deter...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0003-9861(92)90503-o
更新日期:1992-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Salicylhydroxamic acid reductase, which catalyzes the reduction of salicylhydroxamic acid to salicylamide, was purified from rat liver cytosol. The purification procedure consisted of fractionation with ammonium sulfate, chromatography with Phenyl-Toyopearl 650, DEAE-cellulose, hydroxyapatite, and Sephadex G-200, and ...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/abbi.1993.1223
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This investigation presents disturbances of the mitochondrial metabolism by arsenite, a hydrophilic dithiol reagent known as an inhibitor of mitochondrial alpha-keto acid dehydrogenases. Arsenite at concentrations of 0.1-1.0 mM was shown to induce a considerable oxidation of intramitochondrial NADPH, NADH, and glutath...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0003-9861(90)90659-m
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::9-Hydrazinoacridine irreversibly labeled pig plasma amine oxidase by covalent attachment to the active carbonyl cofactor. The visible absorption spectrum of the modified protein displays new absorption bands at 495 and 525 nm. Its emission spectrum exhibited maxima at 415 and 440 nm. In addition, both absorption and e...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0003-9861(88)90105-1
更新日期:1988-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years there has been much interest in the role that products of carotenoid breakdown--the norisoprenoids--may play in wine aroma. The basis for this interest is that norisoprenoids have very low olfactory perception thresholds and so have a high sensorial impact on wine aroma. The norisoprenoids can be forme...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.abb.2009.01.008
更新日期:2009-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The short term response of the L-6 cell line of rat skeletal myoblasts to elevated extracellular iron concentrations was studied. It was found in all cases that iron as the nitrilotriacetate (NTA) chelate was effective at donating iron to the cells and at stimulating ferritin synthesis. After 48 h in 50 microM ferric ...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0003-9861(83)90044-9
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ruthenium red (RR), an ammoniated form of tris-ruthenium(III,IV,III) oxychloride, has been widely used in the micromolar range as a strong and specific inhibitor of in vitro and in vivo Ca(2+)-mediated biochemical processes without regard for its redox properties. We show here that in the presence of tert-butyl hydrop...
journal_title:Archives of biochemistry and biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/abbi.1996.0169
更新日期:1996-04-15 00:00:00