Abstract:
:We examined the potential importance of dexamethasone-mediated alterations in energy metabolism in providing protection against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in immature rats. Seven-day-old rats (n = 165) that had been treated with dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle were assigned to control or hypoxic-ischemic groups (unilateral carotid artery occlusion plus 2-3 h of 8% oxygen at normothermia). The systemic availability of alternate fuels such as beta-hydroxybutyrate, lactate, pyruvate, and free fatty acids was not altered by dexamethasone treatment, and, except for glucose, brain levels were also unaffected. At the end of hypoxia, levels of cerebral high-energy phosphates (ATP and phosphocreatine) were decreased in vehicle- but relatively preserved in dexamethasone-treated animals. The local cerebral metabolic rate of glucose utilization (lCMRgl) was decreased modestly under control conditions in dexamethasone-treated animals, whereas cerebral energy use measured in a model of decapitation ischemia did not differ significantly between groups. The lCMRgl increased markedly during hypoxia-ischemia (p < 0.05) and remained elevated throughout ischemia in dexamethasone- but not vehicle-treated groups, indicating an enhanced glycolytic flux with dexamethasone treatment. Thus, dexamethasone likely provides protection against hypoxic-ischemic damage in immature rats by preserving cerebral ATP secondary to a maintenance of glycolytic flux.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Tuor UI,Yager JY,Bascaramurty S,Del Bigio MRdoi
10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69051954.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-11-01 00:00:00pages
1954-63issue
5eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
69pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Recombinant RGS1, RGS16 and RGS-GAIP, but not RGS2, were able to substantially further stimulate the maximal GTPase activity of G(o1)alpha promoted by agonists at the alpha2A-adrenoreceptor in a concentration-dependent manner. Kinetic analysis of the regulation of an alpha2A-adrenoreceptor-G(o1)alpha fusion protein by...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00479.x
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the causes of psychiatric disorders are not fully understood, it is well established that mental illness originates from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. In this regard, compelling evidence demonstrates that depression can be the consequence of altered, and often maladaptive, respons...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.12846
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abstract::EAAC1/EAAT3 is a transporter of glutamate (Glu) present at the post-synaptic neuronal element, in opposition to the two other main transporters, GLAST/EAAT1 and GLT1/EAAT2, expressed at the excitatory amino acid (EAA) synapse by surrounding astrocytes. Although, in the adult, EAAC1/EAAT3 exhibits a rather low expressi...
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::According to the amyloid hypothesis, accumulation of amyloid beta-peptide (A beta) in the brain is the primary pathogenic event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent evidence indicates that A beta within the intravascular space is linked to A beta deposited in the brain suggesting that transport of A beta between the br...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02385.x
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present experiments assessed the effects of SR 48692, a selective nonpeptide antagonist of neurotensin receptors, on mesolimbic dopaminergic neurotransmission. Dopamine release evoked by the electrical stimulation of the median forebrain bundle (20 Hz, 10 s) was measured in the nucleus accumbens of urethane-anesth...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.64052073.x
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Presynaptic modulation of synaptic transmission is the primary function of central nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in developing and adult brain. nAChR activation regulates release of various neurotransmitters, including norepinephrine (NA). Given evidence that NA may serve a critical functional role in cer...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01575.x
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) reaction involves the transfer of the acetyl group of acetyl-CoA to choline, in which an active site histidine is believed to act as a general acid/base catalyst. A comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the enzyme from Drosophila, pig, rat, and Caernohabditis elegans re...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb03561.x
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The proteasome is a multiprotein complex that is involved in the intracellular protein degradation in eukaryotes. Here, we show that human malignant glioma cells are susceptible to apoptotic cell death induced by the proteasome inhibitors, MG132 and lactacystin. The execution of the apoptotic death program involves th...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0752288.x
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Single-bilayer vesicles of myelin are desirable for studying myelin development and metabolism. Accordingly, our interest was drawn to a procedure for vesiculating myelin (Steck et al., Biochim, Biophys. Acta 509, 397-408, 1978). We used X-ray diffraction analysis to examine these putative vesicle preparations because...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb05402.x
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kallikrein 6 is a serine protease expressed abundantly in normal adult human and rodent CNS, and therein is regulated by injury. In the case of CNS demyelinating disease, K6 expression in CNS occurs additionally in perivascular and parenchymal inflammatory cells suggesting a role in pathogenesis. Herein we describe tw...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02826.x
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::N-Copine is a novel protein with two C2 domains. Its expression is brain specific and up-regulated by neuronal activity such as kainate stimulation and tetanus stimulation evoking hippocampal CA1 long-term potentiation. We examined the localization and subcellular distribution of N-copine in mouse brain. In situ hybri...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0720373.x
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine the effect of cocaine on the brain histamine neuron system, histamine levels and histamine N-methyltransferase activity in the rat brain were measured after the administration of cocaine. Moreover, we examined the effect of L-histidine on cocaine-induced wheel-running behavior. The administration of cocaine...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69020875.x
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AAAD) activity of the rat retina increases when animals are placed in a lighted environment from the dark. The rise of activity can be inhibited by administering alpha 2 adrenoceptor agonists. In the dark, the enzyme activity can be made to increase by administering alpha 2 adrenoc...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb09169.x
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the epididymal portion of rat vas deferens, facilitation of noradrenaline release mediated by adenosine A2A receptors, but not that mediated by beta2-adrenoceptors or by direct activation of adenylyl cyclase, was attenuated by blockade of alpha2-adrenoceptors and abolished by simultaneous blockade of alpha2-adrenoc...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01715.x
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ts65Dn mice, trisomic for a portion of chromosome 16 segmentally homologous to human chromosome 21, are an animal model for Down's syndrome and related neurodegenerative diseases, such as dementia of the Alzheimer type. In these mice, cognitive deficits and alterations in number of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03769.x
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Benzodiazepine receptor binding was measured in cerebellar cortex of 15 patients with dominantly inherited olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA). The majority of these patients had a moderate to marked Purkinje cell loss, as judged by the lowered levels of dentate nucleus gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a marker of Purk...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb02700.x
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well established that inflammatory changes contribute to brain ageing, and an increased concentration of proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), has been reported in the aged brain associated with a deficit in long-term potentiation (LTP) in rat hippocampus. The precise age at which changes are i...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04165.x
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although alterations in mitochondrial dynamics are associated with cellular responses to injury, the functional role of these dynamic changes in ischemic neurons is underexplored. One of these dynamic responses to injury includes mitochondrial biogenesis. Various sublethal pre-conditioning stimuli that induce an ische...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07951.x
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inhalation of either 0.5% or 1.0% halothane in air caused a slight decrease in the cAMP concentration in rat cerebral cortex and cerebellum. During recovery, concentrations returned to normal in 3 h, or less. In contrast, cGMP decreased sixfold in cerebellum, but increased twofold in cortex. Recovery time for cerebell...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1980.tb06298.x
更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neuronal nitric oxide (NO) synthase generates NO from arginine. NO mediates its physiological effects mainly by stimulating the synthesis of cyclic GMP. We have investigated the role of the arginine availability on the NMDA-induced cyclic GMP accumulation in immature rat brain slices. The effect of NMDA was blocke...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71052139.x
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several mechanisms are thought to be involved in the progressive decline in neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) that leads to Parkinson's disease (PD). Neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), which induces parkinsonian symptoms in experimental animals, is thought to be formed endogenously in patients w...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00952.x
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing evidence suggests that the dopaminergic degeneration which characterizes Parkinson's disease starts in the striatal dopamine terminals and progresses retrogradely to the body of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra. The role of striatal astrocytes in the striatal initiation of the dopaminergic degeneratio...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.13684
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of serotonin (5-HT)1B receptors in the mechanism of action of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRI) was studied by using intracerebral in vivo microdialysis in conscious, freely moving wild-type and 5-HT1B receptor knockout (KO 5-HT1B) mice in order to compare the effects of chronic administration o...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01827.x
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Haptoglobin (Hp) binds hemoglobin (Hb) with high affinity and provides the primary defense against its toxicity after intravascular hemolysis. Neurons are exposed to extracellular Hb after CNS hemorrhage, and a therapeutic effect of Hp via Hb sequestration has been hypothesized. In this study, we tested the hypothesis...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.13720
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several lines of evidence implicate excitotoxic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Transgenic mice with a superoxide dismutase mutation (G93A) have been utilized as an animal model of familial ALS (FALS). We examined the cortical concentrations of glutamate using in vivo microdialys...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00188.x
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deposit of beta-amyloid protein (A beta) in Alzheimer's disease brain may contribute to the associated neurodegeneration. We have studied the neurotoxicity of A beta in primary cultures of murine cortical neurons, with the aim of identifying pharmacologic ways of attenuating the injury. Exposure of cultures to A beta ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62010372.x
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abnormal regulation of brain glycogen metabolism is believed to underlie insulin-induced hypoglycaemia, which may be serious or fatal in diabetic patients on insulin therapy. A key regulator of glycogen levels is glycogen targeted protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), which dephosphorylates and activates glycogen synthase (GS)...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07345.x
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peripherin is a type III intermediate filament (IF) abundantly expressed in developing neurons, but in the adult, it is primarily found in neurons extending to the peripheral nervous system. It has been suggested that peripherin may play a role in axonal elongation and/or cytoskeletal stabilization during development ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00853.x
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies showed that prolonged access to cocaine or heroin self-administration (long access, or LgA) produces an escalation in drug intake not observed with limited access to the drug (short access, or ShA). The present experiment employed in vivo microdialysis to test the role of alterations in drug pharmacok...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01833.x
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A photolabile trifluoromethyldiazoketone derivative of kainate (KA), (2'S,3'S,4'R)-2'-carboxy-4'-(2-diazo-1-oxo-3, 3,3-trifluoropropyl)-3'-pyrrolidinyl acetate (DZKA), was synthesized and evaluated as an irreversible inhibitor of the high-affinity KA site on rat forebrain synaptic plasma membranes (SPMs). In the absen...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68041503.x
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00