Abstract:
:Erythromycin inhibits mucus glycoconjugate secretion from airway cells in vitro and may increase mucus clearance in patients with asthma or diffuse panbronchiolitis. Because mucus hypersecretion is common in purulent rhinitis, we questioned whether clarithromycin would change the properties of nasal mucus from subjects without sinus disease and from patients with acute purulent rhinitis. Nasal secretions were collected before and after nasal methacholine challenge from 10 adults without nasal symptoms and without methacholine from 10 patients with purulent rhinitis. After 2 wk of oral clarithromycin (500 mg twice daily), secretions were again collected from both groups. Secretions were analyzed for viscoelasticity, cohesion, hydration, and ciliary and airflow (sneeze) transportability. Compared with secretions from healthy subjects, rhinitis secretions had decreased wettability (contact angle on Teflon 100 degrees versus 84.67 degrees; p = 0.001), increased cohesion (36.8 versus 24.3 mm; p = 0.003), decreased sneeze clearability (20.6 versus 32 mm; p = 0.04), and increased percent solids (4.61 versus 2.82%; p = 0.04). After clarithromycin, the rheology, hydration, cohesion, and transportability of the rhinitis secretions were similar to those of the postclarithromycin secretions from the healthy subjects. Secretion volume also decreased (500.1 versus 28.3 mg; p = 0.01), and mucociliary transportability increased by 30% (0.76 versus 0.99; p = 0.005). Although clarithromycin reduced mucus secretion in both rhinitis patients and normal subjects, it did not alter the secretory response to methacholine.
journal_name
Am J Respir Crit Care Medauthors
Rubin BK,Druce H,Ramirez OE,Palmer Rdoi
10.1164/ajrccm.155.6.9196110subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-06-01 00:00:00pages
2018-23issue
6eissn
1073-449Xissn
1535-4970journal_volume
155pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract::In 11 ventilator-dependent patients, we undertook a head-to-head comparison of patient-ventilator interaction during four ventilator modes: assist-control ventilation (ACV), intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV), pressure support (PS), and a combination of IMV and PS. Progressive increases in IMV rate and PS level ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.155.6.9196100
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The epithelium of the paranasal sinuses produces nitric oxide (NO), which probably plays a major role in the nonspecific defense of these cavities through its bacteriostatic and cilia motility stimulation properties. Abundant eosinophils of nasal polyps potentially generate superoxide anion (O2-*), but NO and O2-* ina...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.163.1.2002125
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201505-0901OC
更新日期:2016-02-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200506-1006OC
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was carried out to determine if the bronchoconstrictive effect of cigarette smoke (CS) is enhanced when airway hyperresponsiveness is induced by ovalbumin (Ova) sensitization, and if so, whether an increase in endogenously released tachykinins is involved. The bronchoconstrictive effects of an acute CS inha...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.161.1.9809121
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Great emphasis is placed on educating asthmatics to use action plans to achieve better control of symptoms. The use of peak flow meters (PFM) has been recommended as an important part of self-management plans. We studied 92 (47 F) adult patients with asthma in a primary care setting to compare the effectiveness of act...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.157.2.9703060
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:β2-Agonists are the treatment of choice for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) and act through specific receptors (ADRB2). Arg16Gly polymorphisms have been shown to affect responses to regular use of β2-agonists. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the influence of the Arg16Gly receptor polymorphism on salmeterol...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.201307-1323OC
更新日期:2013-12-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.159.5.9810011
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noninvasive and invasive diagnostic techniques have been shown to achieve comparable performances in the evaluation of suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). We studied the impact of both approaches on outcome in a prospective, open, and randomized study in three intensive care units (ICUs) of a 1,000-bed te...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::An imbalance of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and the neutrophil chemotactic factor IL-8 and inhibitors (e.g., soluble TNF receptors and IL-1ra) in the lung during the first week of life may contribute to prolonged pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Disod...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.156.5.9611088
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by an extensive alveolar capillary leak, permitting contact between intra-alveolar factors and the endothelium. To investigate whether factors contained in the alveolar milieu induce cell death in human lung microvascular endothelial cells, we exposed these c...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.2109004
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term effects of high doses of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on bone density and metabolism are still uncertain. Fifty-one patients (37 male, 14 female) using beclomethasone or budesonide at a daily dose > 800 microgram/d (high-dose group [Group HD] mean: 983 microgram/d [prescribed dose x estimated compliance]) o...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.159.3.9802096
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Proteinases with a disintegrin and a metalloproteinase domain (ADAMs) have not been well studied in COPD. We investigated whether ADAM9 is linked to COPD in humans and mice. METHODS:ADAM9 blood and lung levels were measured in COPD patients versus controls, and air- versus cigarette smoke (CS)-exposed wil...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201711-2300OC
更新日期:2018-06-04 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.201303-0460OC
更新日期:2013-11-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200403-346OC
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is the main cause of early morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation. Previous studies have yielded conflicting results for PGD risk factors. OBJECTIVES:We sought to identify donor, recipient, and perioperative risk factors for PGD. METHODS:We performed a 10-center p...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1164/rccm.201210-1865OC
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of ventilatory-control abnormalities in predisposing to familial sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) was assessed in 31 subjects 28 +/- 10 yr of age (mean +/- SD). Subjects with (n = 10) and without SDB (n = 12) were recruited from 13 families having two or more members with SDB. Nine age- and gender-matched con...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.156.1.9610016
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Neutrophils are usually the first circulating leukocytes to respond during bacterial pneumonia. Their expression of oxidants, proteases, and other mediators present in granules is well documented, but their ability to produce mediators through transcription and translation after migration to an inflammatory s...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201004-0592OC
更新日期:2011-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::The upper airway undergoes progressive changes during childhood. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we studied the growth relationships of the tissues surrounding the upper airway (bone and soft tissues) in 92 normal children (47% males; range, 1 to 11 yr) who underwent brain MRI. None had symptoms of sleep-disor...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.165.1.2107140
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to assess the influence of preservation solution type and extra- or intracellular composition on the occurrence of early graft dysfunction after clinical lung transplantation. For 170 patients who underwent a single (n = 124) or bilateral (n = 46) lung transplantation in two centers in Paris ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.164.7.2012135
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cigarette smoking is the major factor responsible for chronic obstructive lung disease, but it occurs in only a minority of smokers. Smoking is associated with increased susceptibility to pulmonary infections and with a neutrophil- and macrophage-rich inflammation of the small airways. We compared concentrations of tu...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.150.3.8087340
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sepsis is the most common cause of death in patients in the intensive care unit. Genome-wide gene expression analysis can provide insights into the molecular alterations of sepsis. Total mRNA was extracted from the livers of 6 uninfected control mice and 60 septic mice after infusion of either live Escherichia coli or...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200211-1278OC
更新日期:2004-05-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:North American occupational health programs that switched from the tuberculin skin test (TST) to IFN-γ release assays for latent tuberculosis screening are reporting challenges with interpretation of serial testing results in healthcare workers (HCWs). However, limited data exist on the reproducibility of ser...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201305-0831OC
更新日期:2013-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::In this case-control family study of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), we describe the distributions of SDB and SDB risk factors in African-Americans and Caucasians. A total of 225 African-Americans and 622 Caucasians, ages 2 to 86 yr, recruited as members of families with an individual with known sleep apnea (85 inde...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.155.1.9001310
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy is highly sensitive for pulmonary embolism (PE), but its clinical usefulness is limited by its nondiagnostic rate. Objective analysis of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) three-dimensional scintigraphy may improve its diagnostic performance compared with sub...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200608-1110OC
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with systemic hypertension. Either overnight intermittent hypoxia, or the recurrent arousals that occur in OSA, could cause the daytime increases in blood pressure (BP). OBJECTIVES:To establish the role of intermittent hypoxia in the increased morning BP in patient...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.201802-0240OC
更新日期:2019-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Arousal from sleep produces transient increases in systemic blood pressure, leading to the suggestion that repeated arousals are associated with a sustained increase in daytime blood pressure. Using data from the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study, a population-based study, we tested the hypothesis that sleep fragmentation ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.162.6.9904008
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) received in random order nitric oxide (NO) inhalation, aerosolized prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), infusion of PGE1, or no intervention. Inhalation of either aerosolized PGE1 (10 +/- 1 ng/kg/min) or NO (7 +/- 1 ppm) reduced pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) from ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.157.6.9609017
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent endogenous vasoconstrictor that was recently shown to exhibit bronchoconstrictive properties in vitro. In asthmatic patients, the expression of ET-1 peptide was also shown to be increased in endobronchial biopsies. Thus, we postulated that ET-1 could be higher in subjects with nocturnal...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.149.4.8143060
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Breathing supplemental oxygen reduces breathlessness during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Replacing nitrogen with helium reduces expiratory flow resistance and may improve lung emptying. Combining these treatments should be independently effective. OBJECTIVES:Study t...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.200506-925OC
更新日期:2006-04-15 00:00:00