Abstract:
:For the past 15 years, patients with Parkinson's disease have participated in clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of intrastriatal dopamine transplants. Principally, two donor tissues have been employed, the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla and fetal ventral mesencephalon. The clinical response following each type of transplant has been variable. In general, the magnitude and the duration of the clinical response is greater with fetal dopaminergic neurons than with adrenal medullary grafts. Postmortem studies of patients receiving adrenal medullary grafts or fetal nigral implants provide a neuroanatomical framework for the clinical response. Adrenal grafts survive poorly following implantation into the striatum, but they are capable of inducing sprouting of host-derived fibers within a the caudate nucleus. In contrast, robust survival of fetal nigral implants can be achieved within the human brain which can provide extensive reinnervation to the parkinsonian striatum. These findings are strikingly similar to what has been seen in rodent and nonhuman primate models of PD. This paper describes the neuroanatomical correlates of dopamine brain grafting in humans and elucidates the pattern of changes seen in dopaminergic systems which are associated with clinical benefit.
journal_name
Exp Neuroljournal_title
Experimental neurologyauthors
Kordower JH,Goetz CG,Freeman TB,Olanow CWdoi
10.1006/exnr.1996.6386subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-03-01 00:00:00pages
41-6issue
1eissn
0014-4886issn
1090-2430pii
S0014-4886(96)96386-4journal_volume
144pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Exposure of the rodent striatum to quinolinic acid (QA, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor agonist) induces immediate early gene (IEG; c-fos, c-jun, jun-B, zif/268) expression that may extend 12-24 h after injection. In order to determine the specificity of the prolonged IEG response to the QA injection, the temporal patte...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1997.6427
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO) is part of an endogenous analgesic system consisting of an ascending pathway from the spinal cord to VLO via the thalamic nucleus submedius (Sm) and a descending pathway to the spinal cord relaying in the periaqueductal gray (PAG). This study examines whether activation of D(1)-l...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.09.018
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The success of peripheral nerve regeneration depends on intrinsic properties of neurons and a favorable environment, although the mechanisms underlying the molecular events during degeneration and regeneration are still not elucidated. Schwann cells are considered one of the best candidates to be closely involved in t...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.01.008
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various limbic system structures have been implicated in processing noxious information. One such structure is the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a region that is thought to modulate higher order processing of noxious input related to the affective/motivational component of pain. The present experiment examined the ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.04.003
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD, Krabbe Disease) is a lysosomal storage disease, resulting from the genetic deficiency of galactosylceramidase (GALC). This disease is marked by accumulation of the cytotoxic lipid psychosine (Psy). Psychosine is known to induce oxidative stress in cultured cells, and this stress can b...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.07.013
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The functional and morphologic consequences of treatment of peripheral nerve lesions with exogenous 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) are unclear. In this study adult Wistar rats with sciatic nerve crush lesions were treated with 20 micrograms/kg/day of T3. The treated animals gained weight though more slowly than vehic...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(86)90077-4
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a 34.2kDa glycosylated protein with three isoforms (apoE2, apoE3 and apoE4). Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), an animal model for human Guillain-Barré syndrome, is an immune-mediated experimental disorder of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Increased susceptibility to EAN in...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.04.016
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Olfactomedin 1 (Olfm1) is a secreted glycoprotein that is preferentially expressed in neuronal tissues. Here we show that deletion of exons 4 and 5 from the Olfm1 gene, which encodes a 52 amino acid long region in the N-terminal part of the protein, increased neonatal death and reduced body weight of surviving homozyg...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2013.09.019
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peripheral nerve crush injury (PNCI) has been used for many years in adult animals to study central and peripheral changes related to regeneration across the injury site. While these adult animals experience full recovery with no neuronal cell loss following PNCI, it has been noted that the injury in perinatal animals...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1999.7014
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synthesis of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is increased in lesioned peripheral nerves and it is thought that this may cause increased expression of galanin (GAL) in axotomized dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons and also to promote axonal regeneration. We therefore compared effects of LIF and nerve growth factor (NGF...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.2001.7667
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present experiments focused on the morphological interaction between serotonergic (5-HT) and noradrenergic (NA) axons during regeneration following partial axonal denervation in the cerebral cortex in adult rats. The denervation paradigm used employed two neurotoxins, one for 5-HT and one for NA axons, infused tog...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-4886(03)00221-8
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Successful clinical application of fMRI tasks requires reliable knowledge about the brain structures mapped by the task. With memory fMRI, diverging evidence exists concerning the location of major signal sources as well as hippocampal contributions. To clarify these issues, we investigated a frequently applied memory...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.05.019
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motor nerve conduction velocity was measured in six branches of the sciatic nerve in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. It was markedly reduced in nerves to the gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis anterior, and extensor digitorum longus muscles. The branch to the plantaris muscle remained unaffected. In control rats none of th...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(86)90315-8
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Altered activity in one of the output nuclei of the basal ganglia, the internal segment of the globus pallidus, is known to play an important role in the generation of parkinsonism. These inactivation studies tested the hypothesis that altered activity in the second major output nucleus of the basal ganglia, the subst...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.2000.7572
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was carried out to determine if augmentation of phrenic nerve activity during the crossed phrenic phenomenon temporally coincides with the morphological changes in the phrenic nucleus that we have observed in previous studies. This investigation consisted of two experiments in spinal cord hemisected ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(91)90012-2
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxaliplatin is first-line chemotherapy for colorectal cancer, but produces dose-limiting neurotoxicity. Acute neurotoxicity following infusion produces symptoms including cold-triggered fasciculations and cramps, with subsequent chronic neuropathy developing at higher cumulative doses. Axonal excitability studies were...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2010.10.002
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical outcome of peripheral nerve injuries requiring surgical repair is usually poor and efficient therapies do not exist. Recent work has suggested that low-frequency electrical stimulation of the severed nerve which produces repeated discharges of the parent motoneuron perikarya positively influences axonal r...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.08.005
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peripheral nerve injury can result in formation of a neuroma, which is often associated with heightened sensitivity to normally innocuous stimuli as well as spontaneous dysesthesia and pain. The onset and persistence of neuropathic pain have been linked to spontaneous ectopic electrogenesis in axons within neuromas, s...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.05.005
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autonomic dysreflexia is a condition of episodic hypertension that develops after spinal cord injury (SCI). We previously showed that a two-day anti-inflammatory treatment with an anti-CD11d integrin monoclonal antibody (mAb), soon after SCI in rats, reduced the magnitude of dysreflexia for at least 6 weeks. Effects o...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.03.016
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to assess the respiratory and tonic activity of the abdominal muscles and the postinspiratory activity of the diaphragm (stage 1 expiration) in rats during sleep while they breathed air, hypercapnic, and hypoxic gas mixtures. ECoG and neck EMG recordings enabled the differentiation to be ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(88)90064-7
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subcortical deafferentation of the rat hippocampus has been suggested to offer a model for developing limbic epilepsy. In the present study, the long-term effect of fimbria-fornix lesioning on the density and distribution of hippocampal N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-sensitive L-[3H]glutamate binding was studied using qu...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1993.1086
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The possible pain inhibitory effects of periaqueductal gray (PAG) stimulation were investigated in cats anesthetized with Nembutal and immobilized with Flaxedil. Unitary responses evoked by electrical stimulation of the upper canine dentine and by cutaneous facial noxious and nonnoxious stimuli were recorded extracell...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(83)90155-3
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nerve injury frequently results in development of chronic, dysesthetic pain and allodynia (painful sensation in response to benign stimulation). Following nerve injury, spinal cord glia become activated and secrete a number of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), which exists as two genetically dist...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.03.022
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of aspirin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-related drugs on the dental pain induced by electrical stimulation of tooth pulp afferent fibers were assessed in conscious monkeys. The electrical current required for producing jaw opening is referred to as the pain threshold. Both systemic (25 to 75 mg/kg, i.p.) ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(84)90014-1
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phenytoin is known to reduce neural overactivity (pseudomyotonia) affecting the hind limb musculature in C57B1/6J dystrophic (dy2J/dy2J) mice. This study reports a change in the metabolic profile of superficial gastrocnemius muscle fibers from dy2J/dy2J animals after chronic phenytoin treatment. The superficial gastro...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(84)90011-6
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tibial functional index has been employed to assess functional recovery in rats following nerve repair by direct coaptation under tension or by grafting. Recovery after direct repair of small to moderate gap sizes was better than that after grafting. ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(91)90162-6
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regeneration in the peripheral nervous system offers unique opportunities and challenges to medicine. Compared to the central nervous system, peripheral axons can and do regenerate resulting in functional recovery, especially if the distance to target is short as in distal limb injuries. However, this regenerative cap...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.12.001
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The members of the tenascin family are involved in a number of developmental processes, mainly by their ability to regulate cell adhesion. We have here studied the distribution of mRNAs for tenascin-X, -C, and -R and the closely related molecule tenascin/J1 in the olfactory system and spinal cord. The olfactory bulb a...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.2000.7543
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Axons are the anatomical link between neuronal cell bodies and their target organs, and thus axonal degeneration is the pathological substrate that underlies neurological dysfunction in a large number of neurological conditions. Recent advances in the field of axonal biology demonstrate that axons possess programs for...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2013.05.001
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, the immune response after spinal cord injury was considered largely detrimental owing to the release of neurotoxic factors. While there is validity to this view, there is much greater heterogeneity of immune cells than was previously realized. Associated with this heterogeneity of immune cell subtypes, t...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.01.025
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00