Twinning trend in Escazú, Costa Rica, 1851-1901.

Abstract:

:The cross-cultural study of secular trends in twinning has been of interest to students of human biology. Although recent vital statistics are likely to be more reliable, older vital records allow a long-term study of twinning trends and of the effect of epidemics on twin incidence. Here, I report the results of an investigation of the secular trend of twin maternities from 1851 to 1901 in Escazú, Costa Rica. The research also investigates whether epidemics affected twin incidence in a consistent manner. Because the church records did not state the mother's age, it was not possible to standardize the raw twinning rate for maternal age. Thus the moving averages of the raw rates for every 33 years (the average length of a generation) were computed to minimize the effect of changing average maternal age on twin incidence. No consistent response to epidemics is apparent in the twinning rates. However, both the raw twinning rates and their moving averages indicate that the frequency of twinning decreased in Escazú during the second part of the nineteenth century. A decline in the twinning rate in other populations is usually attributed to environmental changes caused by the process of industrialization. However, the decline in the twin maternity incidence in Escazú could not be the result of such an environment because the population was rural and nonindustrialized. This study indicates that a decline in twin maternities may result from more diverse causes than was previously thought.

journal_name

Hum Biol

journal_title

Human biology

authors

Madrigal L

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1997-04-01 00:00:00

pages

269-76

issue

2

eissn

0018-7143

issn

1534-6617

journal_volume

69

pub_type

历史文章,杂志文章
  • MtDNA haplogroup analysis of black Brazilian and sub-Saharan populations: implications for the Atlantic slave trade.

    abstract::Seventy individuals from two African and four black Brazilian populations were studied for the first hypervariable segment of mtDNA. To delineate a more complete phylogeographic scenario of the African mtDNA haplogroups in Brazil and to provide additional information on the nature of the Atlantic slave trade, we analy...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2006.0028

    authors: Silva WA,Bortolini MC,Schneider MP,Marrero A,Elion J,Krishnamoorthy R,Zago MA

    更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00

  • New data on the world distribution of paraoxonase (PON1 Gln 192 --> Arg) gene frequencies.

    abstract::The physiological role of human paraoxonase (PON), a serum enzyme that hydrolyzes organophosphate insecticides and nerve agents, is not clear. Of the three genes in the paraoxonase gene family, PON1 shows a polymorphism, Gln 192 --> Arg, governed by two common alleles named *Q and *R. These determine two different iso...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2003.0049

    authors: Scacchi R,Corbo RM,Rickards O,De Stefano GF

    更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00

  • Polymorphisms of the gene coding for the cholesteryl ester transfer protein and plasma lipid levels in Italian and Greek migrants to Australia.

    abstract::The relation between TaqI restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene and plasma lipid and lipoprotein phenotypes was investigated in a sample of Italian and Greek migrants of both sexes, age 40-69 years. Italians display significantly higher mean triglycerid...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Mitchell RJ,Earl L,Williams J,Bisucci T,Gasiamis H

    更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00

  • Fertility differentials within a subdivided population: a controlled comparison of four Sells Papago isolates.

    abstract::4 ethnically, cultural-historically and linguistically distinct subsets of the Sells Reservation Papago population of southern Arizona are identified using ethnographic and demographic data. Breeding patterns of these 4 isolates are described and compared with fertility and mortality parameters. Isolates which exper...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Smith DG

    更新日期:1980-05-01 00:00:00

  • Genetic characterization of indigenous peoples from Oaxaca, Mexico, and its relation to linguistic and geographic isolation.

    abstract::We used 15 short tandem repeat (STR) loci (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, VWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, and FGA) to genetically characterize 361 individuals from 11 indigenous populations (Amuzgo, Chinanteco, Chontal, Huave, Mazateco, Mixe, Mixteco, Triqui, Zapoteco de...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3378/027.082.0405

    authors: Quinto-Cortés CD,Arriola LA,García-Hughes G,García-López R,Molina DP,Flores M,Palacios R,Piñero D

    更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00

  • Human dispersals: mathematical models and the archaeological record.

    abstract::The theoretical literature on human population dispersal processes at the large time and space scale is reviewed, including references to and discussions of relevant empirical data. The basic Fisher-KPP reaction-diffusion system is summarized for the single population situation, and developments relating to the Allee ...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3378/027.081.0302

    authors: Steele J

    更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00

  • Comparison of allele frequencies of eight STR loci from Argentinian Amerindian and European populations.

    abstract::Eight STR systems (THO1, FABP, VWA, FES/FPS, HPRTB, F13A1, CSF1PO, and D6S366) were investigated in different ethnic groups of Argentina. Allele and genotype frequencies, power of exclusion, and discriminative power were investigated. Hardy-Weinberg expectations were calculated from heterozygosity levels. FST and G te...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Sala A,Penacino G,Corach D

    更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00

  • Autosomal STR variation in five Austronesian populations.

    abstract::Human population characteristics at the genetic level are integral to both forensic biology and population genetics. This study evaluates biparental microsatellite markers in five Austronesian-speaking groups to characterize their intra- and interpopulation differences. Genetic diversity was analyzed using 15 short ta...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2006.0019

    authors: Shepard EM,Chow RA,Suafo'a E,Addison D,Pérez-Miranda AM,Garcia-Bertrand RL,Herrera RJ

    更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00

  • Finding Rare, Disease-Associated Variants in Isolated Groups: Potential Advantages of Mennonite Populations.

    abstract::Large-scale genotyping and next-generation sequencing techniques have allowed great advances in the field of molecular genetics. Numerous common variants of low impact have been associated with many complex human traits and diseases, such as bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Although they may exert a greater impact ...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.13110/humanbiology.88.2.0109

    authors: Lopes FL,Hou L,Boldt AB,Kassem L,Alves VM,Nardi AE,McMahon FJ

    更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00

  • Mortality in a migrating Mennonite church congregation.

    abstract::Preston's two-census method of demographic estimation is applied to three pairs of reconstructed censuses from the records of a migrating Mennonite church congregation covering the period 1780-1890. The three pairs of censuses correspond to three periods (1780-1790, 1850-1860, and 1880-1890) and to stays in three sett...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Everson PM,Stevenson JC,Rogers L

    更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00

  • Segregation analysis reveals a major gene effect in compact and cancellous bone mineral density in 2 populations.

    abstract::Involvement of genetic factors in determining bone mineral density (BMD) is doubtless. However, the exact nature of the genes governing BMD variation and sources for genetic determination of BMD of different parts of bone (compact and cancellous) have not been completely studied. The results of the complex segregation...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Livshits G,Karasik D,Pavlovsky O,Kobyliansky E

    更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00

  • How the Atacama Skeleton Might Advance Discussion of Responsible Conduct of Research Responsibilities.

    abstract::Controversies resulting from genetic testing on skeletal remains of disputed stewardship raise important questions about obligations inherent on genetic researchers to assure ethical chain of custody. In this article, we analyze and evaluate several proposed positions on whether such research should be published. Foll...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.13110/humanbiology.91.1.01

    authors: May T,Nakano-Okuno M

    更新日期:2019-02-17 00:00:00

  • Comparison of two Venezuelan populations using the coefficient of relationship by isonymy.

    abstract::The coefficient of relationship by isonymy Ri is a good indicator of similarities between and within populations by means of identity of surnames. In this study we present the results of an analysis of Ri obtained using two surnames for each person in two small Venezuelan populations of African origin: Birongo and La ...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Pinto-Cisternas J,Rodriguez-Larralde A,Castro de Guerra D

    更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00

  • Signs of cellular immunosuppression correlate with HLA-DR phenotypes in healthy HIV-negative homosexuals: preliminary findings.

    abstract::Twelve healthy, anal-receptive, homosexual Caucasian males who were seronegative for HIV antibody were typed for HLA-DR antigens. Flow cytometry was used to immunophenotype peripheral blood lymphocytes bearing the CD4, CD8, LEU7, and combined CD8 and LEU7 antigens. These individuals had reported a large number of sexu...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Hoff C,James WC,Hester RB,Nolan P,Peterson RD

    更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00

  • 657del5 mutation of the Nijmegen breakage syndrome gene (NBS1) in the Turkish population.

    abstract::The 657del5 mutation of the NBS1 gene has been demonstrated in most patients with Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS). We identified four Turkish families in which probands were diagnosed as having NBS and found to be homozygous for the 657del5 mutation. The 657del5 allele in the four Turkish families had a single origin...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2005.0056

    authors: Tekin M,Akcayoz D,Ucar C,Gulen H,Akar N

    更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00

  • Mitochondrial DNA and prehistoric settlements: native migrations on the western edge of North America.

    abstract::We analyzed previously reported mtDNA haplogroup frequencies of 577 individuals and hypervariable segment 1 (HVS1) sequences of 265 individuals from Native American tribes in western North America to test hypotheses regarding the settlement of this region. These data were analyzed to determine whether Hokan and Penuti...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1353/hub.2004.0019

    authors: Eshleman JA,Malhi RS,Johnson JR,Kaestle FA,Lorenz J,Smith DG

    更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00

  • Ethnic comparison of twinning rates in California.

    abstract::A meaningful comparison of the twinning rates of different populations can be hindered by several factors that may influence the rates. Chief among these factors are the sources of data from which the rates are derived and the maternal age structure of the populations. The effects of such factors were minimal when the...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Pollard R

    更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00

  • Genetic epidemiology of colon cancer in the cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus).

    abstract::Colon cancer is known to be heritable in humans, but the opportunity to investigate the genetic epidemiology of cancer in nonhuman primates has been limited by the size of available populations. The cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus) colony at the Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) Marmoset Research Center is...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Cheverud JM,Tardif S,Henke MA,Clapp NK

    更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00

  • Genetic polymorphism study at four minisatellite loci (D1S80, D17S5, D19S20, and APOB) among five Indian population groups.

    abstract::The present study reports the genetic variation observed among five anthropologically distinct population groups of India, using four highly polymorphic minisatellite loci (D1S80, D17S5, D19S20, and APOB 3' VNTR) in order to examine the effect of geographical and linguistic affiliations on the genetic affinities among...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2002.0028

    authors: Das B,Ghosh A,Chauhan PS,Seshadri M

    更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00

  • Quantitative trait nucleotide analysis using Bayesian model selection.

    abstract::Although much attention has been given to statistical genetic methods for the initial localization and fine mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs), little methodological work has been done to date on the problem of statistically identifying the most likely functional polymorphisms using sequence data. In this paper...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2006.0003

    authors: Blangero J,Goring HH,Kent JW Jr,Williams JT,Peterson CP,Almasy L,Dyer TD

    更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00

  • Are languages really independent from genes? If not, what would a genetic bias affecting language diversity look like?

    abstract::It is generally accepted that the relationship between human genes and language is very complex and multifaceted. This has its roots in the “regular” complexity governing the interplay among genes and between genes and environment for most phenotypes, but with the added layer of supraontogenetic and supra-individual p...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3378/027.083.0208

    authors: Dediu D

    更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00

  • Genetic diversity of serum proteins in some muslim populations of India.

    abstract::The Muslim population of India is known for its historical and socioreligious significance. Literature on the genetic structure of this segment of India's population is scanty. Therefore we have investigated the allele frequency distribution of haptoglobin (HP) and transferrin (TF) phenotypes among the Muslims to expl...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3378/1534-6617-80.5.501

    authors: Ahmad R,Alam A,Fatima F,Hasnain AU

    更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00

  • Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism in northern Greece.

    abstract::The polymorphism of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was studied in 118 unrelated Greeks (from northern Greece) using total blood cell DNA and the restriction enzymes HpaI, BamHI, HaeII, MspI, AvaII, and HincII. One new morph was identified for MspI (named MspI morph 18Gr) and is the result of a mutation in a previousl...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Astrinidis A,Kouvatsi A

    更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00

  • Some atypical and rare sickle cell gene haplotypes in populations of Andhra Pradesh, India.

    abstract::We have investigated the clinical, hematological, and molecular genetic characteristics of sickle cell anemia patients from 6 populations of Andhra Pradesh, South India. Of 72 sickle cell chromosomes (HBB*S) 60 belong to characteristic Arab-Indian haplotypes, 6 to variant Arab-Indian haplotypes, 1 to a Bantu haplotype...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Niranjan Y,Chandak GR,Veerraju P,Singh L

    更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00

  • Genetic structure of Mennonite populations of Kansas and Nebraska.

    abstract::We describe the gene frequency distributions for 29 different blood group, serum, and erythrocytic proteins for three Mennonite communities from Kansas and Nebraska and compare their gene frequencies with those of Amish, Hutterite, and Mennonite populations using the topological method of Harpending and Jenkins (1973)...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Crawford MH,Dykes DD,Polesky HF

    更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00

  • Identification of Whole Mitochondrial Genomes from Venezuela and Implications on Regional Phylogenies in South America.

    abstract::Recent studies have expanded and refined the founding haplogroups of the Americas using whole mitochondrial (mtDNA) genome analysis. In addition to pan-American lineages, specific variants have been identified in a number of studies that show higher frequencies in restricted geographical areas. To further characterize...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.13110/humanbiology.87.1.0029

    authors: Lee EJ,Merriwether DA

    更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00

  • Autosomal STR analyses in native Amazonian tribes suggest a population structure driven by isolation by distance.

    abstract::Eleven short tandem repeat loci (CSF1PO, D3S1358, D5S818, D7S820, D8S1179, D13S317, D16S539, D18S51, D21S11, TH01, and TPOX) were investigated in 232 individuals from 6 Amazonian native tribes (Tiriyó, Waiãpi, Zoé, Urubu-Kaapor, Awa-Guajá, and Parakanã). We added the new data to a database that included five previousl...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3378/027.081.0106

    authors: Dos Santos SE,Ribeiro-Rodrigues EM,Ribeiro-Dos-Santos AK,Hutz MH,Tovo-Rodrigues L,Salzano FM,Callegari-Jacques SM

    更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00

  • Ethnic differences in the distribution of interleukin-6 polymorphisms among three Brazilian ethnic groups.

    abstract::Polymorphisms in the interleukin-6 promoter region have been associated with diseases. In this study we investigated the -634G/C and -174G/C IL-6 promoter polymorphisms in three Brazilian ethnic groups. We verified that the allele frequencies of the two polymorphisms and haplotype frequencies varied significantly betw...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2005.0061

    authors: Gadelha SR,Alcantara LC,Costa GC,Rios DL,Galvão-Castro B

    更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00

  • Towards a complete North American Anabaptist Genealogy II: analysis of inbreeding.

    abstract::We describe a large genealogy data base, which can be searched by computer, of 295,095 Amish and Mennonite individuals. The data base was constructed by merging our existing Anabaptist Genealogy Database 2.0 containing approximately 85,000 individuals with a genealogy file containing approximately 242,000 individuals,...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章

    doi:10.1353/hub.2001.0045

    authors: Agarwala R,Schäffer AA,Tomlin JF

    更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00

  • Seasonality in birth weight: review of global patterns and potential causes.

    abstract::Birth weight is the single most significant determinant of infant mortality and the chances of a newborn to experience healthy development. Low birth weight also appears to be related to higher risks of several important chronic conditions, such as ischemic heart disease, non-insulin-dependent diabetes, and cancer in ...

    journal_title:Human biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3378/027.081.0405

    authors: Chodick G,Flash S,Deoitch Y,Shalev V

    更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00