Zinc folds the N-terminal domain of HIV-1 integrase, promotes multimerization, and enhances catalytic activity.

abstract：:Future nuclear arms reduction efforts will require technologies to verify that warheads slated for dismantlement are authentic without revealing any sensitive weapons design information to international inspectors. Despite several decades of research, no technology has met these requirements simultaneously. Recent wor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vavrek JR,Henderson BS,Danagoulian A

更新日期：2018-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Corticosteroid hormones are critical for controlling metabolism, hydromineral balance, and the stress response in vertebrates. Although corticosteroid hormones have been well characterized in most vertebrate groups, the identity of the earliest vertebrate corticosteroid hormone has remained elusive. Here we provide ev...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Close DA,Yun SS,McCormick SD,Wildbill AJ,Li W

更新日期：2010-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The traditional disciplines of science are grounded in the observation and measurement of object properties. Recent advances in digital computer technology have spawned numerous computer-based imaging systems that extend the range of observation and measurement into realms that would otherwise be inaccessible. More im...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Beck RN

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor of adults and one of the most lethal of all cancers. Patients with this disease have a median survival of 15 months from the time of diagnosis despite surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. New treatment approaches are needed. Recent works suggest that gliob...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Horvath S,Zhang B,Carlson M,Lu KV,Zhu S,Felciano RM,Laurance MF,Zhao W,Qi S,Chen Z,Lee Y,Scheck AC,Liau LM,Wu H,Geschwind DH,Febbo PG,Kornblum HI,Cloughesy TF,Nelson SF,Mischel PS

更新日期：2006-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Little is known about how chromatin folds in its native state. Using optimized in situ hybridization and live imaging techniques have determined compaction ratios and fiber flexibility for interphase chromatin in budding yeast. Unlike previous studies, ours examines nonrepetitive chromatin at intervals short enough to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bystricky K,Heun P,Gehlen L,Langowski J,Gasser SM

更新日期：2004-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The genetic basis for virulence in influenza virus is largely unknown. To explore the mutational basis for increased virulence in the lung, the H3N2 prototype clinical isolate, A/HK/1/68, was adapted to the mouse. Genomic sequencing provided the first demonstration, to our knowledge, that a group of 11 mutations can c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brown EG,Liu H,Kit LC,Baird S,Nesrallah M

更新日期：2001-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Host-defense cationic antimicrobial peptides ( approximately 12-50 aa long) play an essential protective role in the innate immune system of all organisms. Lipopeptides, however, are produced only in bacteria and fungi during cultivation, and they are composed of specific lipophilic moieties attached to anionic peptid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Makovitzki A,Avrahami D,Shai Y

更新日期：2006-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcriptional regulation of gene expression is a major mechanism used by plants to confer phenotypic plasticity, and yet compared with other eukaryotes or bacteria, little is known about the design principles. We generated an extensive catalog of nascent and steady-state transcripts in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hetzel J,Duttke SH,Benner C,Chory J

更新日期：2016-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant cutin monomers trigger, and glucose suppresses, the expression of the cutinase gene of pathogenic fungi. To identify the cutinase promoter region responsible for induction by the unique plant components, a promoter analysis was done with transformants. Plasmids were constructed that contained (i) the 5' flanking...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bajar A,Podila GK,Kolattukudy PE

更新日期：1991-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV type 1 (HIV-1) specifically uses host cell tRNALys-3 as a primer for reverse transcription. The 3' 18 nucleotides of this tRNA are complementary to a region on the HIV RNA genome known as the primer binding site (PBS). HIV-1 has a strong preference for maintaining a lysine-specific PBS in vivo, and viral genomes w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chan B,Musier-Forsyth K

更新日期：1997-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Efforts are underway to construct several recoded genomes anticipated to exhibit multivirus resistance, enhanced nonstandard amino acid (nsAA) incorporation, and capability for synthetic biocontainment. Although our laboratory pioneered the first genomically recoded organism (Escherichia coli strain C321.∆A), its fitn...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wannier TM,Kunjapur AM,Rice DP,McDonald MJ,Desai MM,Church GM

更新日期：2018-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Somatic copy number variations (CNVs) exist in the brain, but their genesis, prevalence, forms, and biological impact remain unclear, even within experimentally tractable animal models. We combined a transposase-based amplification (TbA) methodology for single-cell whole-genome sequencing with a bioinformatic approach...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rohrback S,April C,Kaper F,Rivera RR,Liu CS,Siddoway B,Chun J

更新日期：2018-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Peptidoglycan (PGN) recognition proteins (PGRPs) are pattern-recognition receptors of the innate immune system that bind and, in some cases, hydrolyze bacterial PGNs. We determined the crystal structure, at 2.30-A resolution, of the C-terminal PGN-binding domain of human PGRP-Ialpha in complex with a muramyl tripeptid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guan R,Roychowdhury A,Ember B,Kumar S,Boons GJ,Mariuzza RA

更新日期：2004-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Associative memory of the mollusc Hermissenda crassicornis, previously correlated with changes of specific K+ currents, protein phosphorylation, and increased synthesis of mRNA and specific proteins, is here shown to be accompanied by macroscopic alteration in the structure of a single identified neuron, the medial ty...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alkon DL,Ikeno H,Dworkin J,McPhie DL,Olds JL,Lederhendler I,Matzel L,Schreurs BG,Kuzirian A,Collin C

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cortical networks that have been found to operate close to a critical point exhibit joint activations of large numbers of neurons. However, in motor cortex of the awake macaque monkey, we observe very different dynamics: massively parallel recordings of 155 single-neuron spiking activities show weak fluctuations on th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dahmen D,Grün S,Diesmann M,Helias M

更新日期：2019-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Controlled maturation of ovarian follicles is necessary for fertility. Follicles are restrained at an immature stage until stimulated by FSH secreted by pituitary gonadotropes. FSH acts on granulosa cells within the immature follicle to inhibit apoptosis, promote proliferation, stimulate production of steroid and prot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hunzicker-Dunn ME,Lopez-Biladeau B,Law NC,Fiedler SE,Carr DW,Maizels ET

更新日期：2012-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:A single catalytic site model is proposed to account for the multiphasic kinetics of oxidation of ferrocytochrome c by cytochrome c oxidase (ferrocytochrome c:oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.9.3.1). This model involves nonproductive binding of substrate to sites near the catalytic site on cytochrome c oxidase for cytochro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Speck SH,Dye D,Margoliash E

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein 4.1R (4.1R) is a multifunctional component of the red cell membrane. It forms a ternary complex with actin and spectrin, which defines the nodal junctions of the membrane-skeletal network, and its attachment to the transmembrane protein glycophorin C creates a bridge between the protein network and the membran...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Salomao M,Zhang X,Yang Y,Lee S,Hartwig JH,Chasis JA,Mohandas N,An X

更新日期：2008-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause devastating lower respiratory tract infections in preterm infants or when other serious health problems are present. Immunoprophylaxis with palivizumab (Synagis), a humanized IgG1 mAb, is the current standard of care for preventing RSV infection in at-risk neonates. We have ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hiatt A,Bohorova N,Bohorov O,Goodman C,Kim D,Pauly MH,Velasco J,Whaley KJ,Piedra PA,Gilbert BE,Zeitlin L

更新日期：2014-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Depending on the cellular context, BCL2-like proteins promote mitochondrial fusion or fission. What determines which of these two opposing processes they promote has so far been unknown. Furthermore, the mechanisms through which BCL2-like proteins affect mitochondrial dynamics remain to be fully understood. The BCL2-l...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lu Y,Rolland SG,Conradt B

更新日期：2011-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteria use membrane-integral sensor histidine kinases (HK) to perceive stimuli and transduce signals from the environment to the cytosol. Information on how the signal is transmitted across the membrane by HKs is still scarce. Combining both liquid- and solid-state NMR, we demonstrate that structural rearrangements ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Salvi M,Schomburg B,Giller K,Graf S,Unden G,Becker S,Lange A,Griesinger C

更新日期：2017-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Communities have an important role to play in biodiversity conservation. However, community-based conservation as a panacea, like government-based conservation as a panacea, ignores the necessity of managing commons at multiple levels, with vertical and horizontal interplay among institutions. The study of conservatio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berkes F

更新日期：2007-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolic engineering seeks to reprogram microbial cells to efficiently and sustainably produce value-added compounds. Since chemical production can be at odds with the cell's natural objectives, strategies have been developed to balance conflicting goals. For example, dynamic regulation modulates gene expression to f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dinh CV,Prather KLJ

更新日期：2019-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The expression of at least 24 distinct genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 is under direct control of the "ferric uptake regulator" (Fur). Novel targets of the Fur protein were isolated in a powerful SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment)-like cycle selection consisting of in vitro DNA-Fur ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ochsner UA,Vasil ML

更新日期：1996-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypothesis that intracellular Ca2+ is an essential component of the intracellular mechanism of insulin action in the adipocyte was evaluated. Cells were loaded with the Ca2+ chelator quin-2, by preincubating them with quin-2 AM, the tetrakis(acetoxymethyl) ester of quin-2. Quin-2 loading inhibited insulin-stimulat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pershadsingh HA,Shade DL,Delfert DM,McDonald JM

更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rat liver polysomal RNA was translated in the rabbit reticulocyte lysate and in the wheat germ cell-free protein-synthesizing systems, using [(35)S]methionine as label. The catalase (hydrogen-peroxide:hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.11.1.6) that was synthesized was isolated by immunoprecipitation and characteri...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Robbi M,Lazarow PB

更新日期：1978-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical research should conform to high standards of ethical and scientific integrity, given that human lives are at stake. However, economic incentives can generate conflicts of interest for investigators, who may be inclined to withhold unfavorable results or even tamper with data in order to achieve desired outcom...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Adda J,Decker C,Ottaviani M

更新日期：2020-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Investigations using the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster have shown that the circadian clock gene period (Per) can influence behavioral responses to cocaine. Here we show that the mouse homologues of the Drosophila Per gene, mPer1 and mPer2, modulate cocaine sensitization and reward, two phenomena extensively studie...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Abarca C,Albrecht U,Spanagel R

更新日期：2002-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) is an important concern for the poultry industry. Replication of ALV-J depends on a functional cellular receptor, the chicken Na+/H+ exchanger type 1 (chNHE1). Tryptophan residue number 38 of chNHE1 (W38) in the extracellular portion of this molecule is a critical amino acid for...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Koslová A,Trefil P,Mucksová J,Reinišová M,Plachý J,Kalina J,Kučerová D,Geryk J,Krchlíková V,Lejčková B,Hejnar J

更新日期：2020-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Leukocyte adherence to endothelium is in part mediated by the transient expression of endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 (ELAM-1) on endothelial surfaces stimulated by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), interleukin (IL) 1, or bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The intracellular factors controlling induction of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Montgomery KF,Osborn L,Hession C,Tizard R,Goff D,Vassallo C,Tarr PI,Bomsztyk K,Lobb R,Harlan JM

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00