Effects of extended sidestream smoke exposure on components of the C-fiber axon reflex.

abstract：:Carbon monoxide (CO) gas is a product of the incomplete combustion of carbon-based fuels and substances. From a public health perspective, CO poisoning may be the cause of more than 50% of fatal poisonings in many industrial countries. The adverse effects of CO poisoning may be more widespread because of unreported si...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Omaye ST

更新日期：2002-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The rodent Hershberger assay has been used predominantly by the pharmaceutical industry to evaluate androgenic and antiandrogenic chemicals for potential therapeutic use. However, this assay has not yet been formally validated and standardized for use in toxicology testing. There are many variations in the protocol us...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Yamada T,Sunami O,Kunimatsu T,Kamita Y,Okuno Y,Seki T,Nakatsuka I,Matsuo M

更新日期：2001-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibition of fungal lanosterol-14 alpha-demethylase (CYP51) is the working principle of the antifungal activity of azoles used in agriculture and medicine. Inhibition of human CYP51 may result in endocrine disruption since follicular fluid-meiosis activating steroid (FF-MAS), the direct product of lanosterol demethyl...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Trösken ER,Adamska M,Arand M,Zarn JA,Patten C,Völkel W,Lutz WK

更新日期：2006-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis due to dicyclanil (DC), an insect growth regulator for sheep, histopathological and molecular biological analyses were performed in the liver of male ICR mice fed on a diet containing 1500 ppm of DC for 2 weeks (Experiment I; Exp. I). In gene expression analyses usi...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Moto M,Okamura M,Muto T,Kashida Y,Machida N,Mistumori K

更新日期：2005-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Defining the impact on health of exposure to a low-dose pesticide mixture via food intake is a topical question since epidemiological studies suggest that this may increase the risk of pathologies and particularly haematopoietic malignancies. Here we investigated on the haematopoietic system of mice, the effect of a m...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Merhi M,Demur C,Racaud-Sultan C,Bertrand J,Canlet C,Estrada FB,Gamet-Payrastre L

更新日期：2010-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Ozone has become a major air pollutant in recent years, which leading to a variety of lung diseases. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms of pyroptosis and related signaling pathways in ozone-induced lung injury. METHODS:We exposed 120 Wistar rats to ozone, 20 in each group (half male and half female)....

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Tian L,Yan J,Li K,Zhang W,Lin B,Lai W,Bian L,Liu H,Xi Z,Liu X

更新日期：2020-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of cadmium on some mitochondrial enzymes of kidney, testis and lung were investigated in male rats. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with 3 mg Cd/kg body weight and its effects were studied 24, 72 and 144 h later. Succinic dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase activities were significantly inhibited i...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Prasada Rao PV

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Urinary dialkylphosphates (DAPs) are measured to assess exposure to organophosphorus pesticides (OPs), but they are common metabolites of OPs and not specific indices for individual agents. Biomonitoring (BM) of urinary DAPs has been widely adopted as an assessment of individual exposure in general environments, howev...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Sato H,Ito Y,Hanai C,Nishimura M,Ueyama J,Kamijima M

更新日期：2021-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In a Japanese chemical factory, a lung disease like pneumoconiosis appeared at a high rate among workers handling cross-linked water-soluble acrylic acid polymer (CWAAP). To our knowledge, no such case was known in the world until very recently. The present study was designed to elucidate the effect of single intratra...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Suka M,Kido T,Yoshioka W,Hachisuka E,Okoshi H,Yamauchi T,Hano H,Okano T,Yokoyama M,Yanagisawa H

更新日期：2021-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present work was analyzed whether sulforaphane (SFN) may protect against cisplatin (CIS)-induced hepatic damage, oxidant stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Four groups of male Wistar rats were studied: control, CIS, CIS+SFN and SFN. SFN was given i.p. (500 μg/kg/d × 3 days) before CIS administration (single ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gaona-Gaona L,Molina-Jijón E,Tapia E,Zazueta C,Hernández-Pando R,Calderón-Oliver M,Zarco-Márquez G,Pinzón E,Pedraza-Chaverri J

更新日期：2011-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The concept that the highly reactive hydroxyl radical (HO) could be generated from an interaction between superoxide (O(2)(-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) was proposed (with Joseph Weiss) in Professor Haber's final paper published in 1934. Until it was recognized that free radicals are produced in biological syst...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Kehrer JP

更新日期：2000-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of ascorbyl palmitate (ASCP) and free L-ascorbic acid (LAA) on the hepatotoxicity of paracetamol (acetaminophen) and the in vivo covalent binding of reactive paracetamol metabolites to hepatic proteins has been studied in male MF1 mice. The oral administration of [3H(G)]paracetamol (600 mg/kg) resulted in ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Jonker D,Lee VS,Hargreaves RJ,Lake BG

更新日期：1988-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of urban oxidant and acid air pollutants to induce heat shock proteins (HSPs) in the mammalian lung is not known. Such proteins are known to be correlated with environmental stress and pathophysiological conditions. In this study, stress-inducible HSP 70 was assessed by slot-blotting in rat lungs (N=10 per...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Wong CG,Bonakdar M,Mautz WJ,Kleinman MT

更新日期：1996-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:As an important cholesterol oxide, 7-ketocholesterol plays a deleterious role in the occurrence of cancer. Although the fact had been proved that 7-ketocholesterol could induce several biological phenomena, including apoptosis, DNA damage, et al., this issue whether 7-ketocholesterol led to mutagenesis in mammalian ce...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Wang X,Li Y,Xia X,Zhang M,Ge C,Xia X,Xiao H,Xu S

更新日期：2020-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of nitric oxide (NO) in acute renal failure (ARF) is debatable. In the present study, we investigated the effect of acute administration of NO donor, Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), L-Arginine (L-Arg) and NO synthase inhibitor, N(omega)-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) in Fe-NTA induced renal toxicity. Rats were ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Gupta A,Chander V,Sharma S,Chopra K

更新日期：2007-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:p-Chloro-m-cresol (PCMC) and p-chloro-m-xylenol (PCMX) are known to cause allergic contact dermatitis. For risk assessment of skin sensitizers, information on dose-response profiles in the induction and elicitation phases and cross-reactivity with analogous chemicals are important. In the non-radioactive local lymph-n...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Yamano T,Shimizu M,Noda T

更新日期：2003-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of the known hepatotoxic agent, cerium (Ce) on the activity of liver microsomal monoxygenases, especially coumarin 7-hydroxylase (COH) was investigated in two inbred strains of male mice, DBA/2N and C57BL/6N. Ce was injected intravenously in three doses (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg body wt) and the animals we...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Arvela P,Kraul H,Stenbäck F,Pelkonen O

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2A13 is mainly expressed in the respiratory system and has the ability to metabolize aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)). However, the role of CYP2A13-mediated AFB(1) metabolism and its consequences in human lung epithelial cell is not clear. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate the si...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Yang XJ,Lu HY,Li ZY,Bian Q,Qiu LL,Li Z,Liu Q,Li J,Wang X,Wang SL

更新日期：2012-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Toluene is a widely abused inhaled solvent. This study was designed to determine whether toluene abuse affects the reproductive functions or general health of males. Seven-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to toluene vapor inhalation (0, 4000, or 6000 ppm; 2 h/day) daily for 5 weeks. Exposure-related supp...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ono A,Kawashima K,Sekita K,Hirose A,Ogawa Y,Saito M,Naito K,Yasuhara K,Kaneko T,Furuya T,Inoue T,Kurokawa Y

更新日期：1999-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Experiments were done in vivo to determine the effect of oxygen at high pressure (OHP) on NAD+ and NADH in mouse brain cortex. A 7% decrease (N.S.) in NADH was found in brain cortex from mice exposed to 6 atm of 100% oxygen for 8 min, while a 20% decrease (P less than 0.01) in cortical NADH, when compared to controls,...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Dodd DE,Faiman MD

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Delta(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC), a major constituent of marijuana, has been shown to stimulate the growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells through cannabinoid receptor-independent signaling [Takeda, S., Yamaori, S., Motoya, E., Matsunaga, T., Kimura, T., Yamamoto, I., Watanabe, K., 2008. Delta(9)-Tetrahydroca...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Takeda S,Yamamoto I,Watanabe K

更新日期：2009-05-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Clostridium difficile toxins A and B (TcdA and TcdB) belong to the class of large clostridial cytotoxins and inactivate by glucosylation some low molecular mass GTPases of the Rho-family (predominantly Rho, Rac and Cdc42), known as regulators of the actin cytoskeleton. TcdA and B also represent the main virulence fact...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Balletta A,Lorenz D,Rummel A,Gerhard R,Bigalke H,Wegner F

更新日期：2015-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the framework of an EU project on risk assessment of brominated flame retardants, TBBPA was studied for neurobehavioral effects in rats. To permit benchmark dose analysis, eight dose levels were chosen ranging from 0 to 3000mg/kg body weight. Exposure of parental rats started 10 and 2 weeks before mating in mal...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Lilienthal H,Verwer CM,van der Ven LT,Piersma AH,Vos JG

更新日期：2008-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats poisoned with one LD50 of thiopental or amytal are shown to increase oxygen consumption when intraperitoneally given sucinate, malate, citrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, dimethylsuccinate or glutamate (the Krebs cycle intermediates or their precursors) but not when given glucose, pyruvate, acetate, benzoate or nicotin...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ivnitsky JJ,Schäfer TV,Malakhovsky VN,Rejniuk VL

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As a new method, support vector machine (SVM) were applied for prediction of toxicity of different data sets compared with other two common methods, multiple linear regression (MLR) and RBFNN. Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) models based on calculated molecular descriptors have been clearly establ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Zhao CY,Zhang HX,Zhang XY,Liu MC,Hu ZD,Fan BT

更新日期：2006-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The usefulness of urinary taurine as a non-invasive measure of hepatotoxicity of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was evaluated: changes in urinary taurine were characterized in a dose-response, acute toxicity experiment and in two sub-chronic, low dose exposure experiments. Urine of young, male, F344 rats was collected for 4 days...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Maxuitenko YY,North WG,Roebuck BD

更新日期：1997-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Silicosis is a universal occupational disease, which is caused by long-term crystalline silica exposure. Recent studies have shown that noncoding RNAs participate in diverse pathological cellular pathways. However, the precise regulation mechanism remains limited in silicosis. Here, we established a silica-induced mou...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Cheng D,Xu Q,Liu Y,Li G,Sun W,Ma D,Ni C

更新日期：2021-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:To check the possible toxicity risks of the meat from swine fed with a residue producing feed additive: Carbadox, a new methodology was used. It is the "Relay Toxicity". Swine were fed with a high dose of the additive and sacrificed without any withdrawal. In such conditions meat contains a high level of residues. The...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Ferrando R,Truhaut R,Raynaud JP,Spanoghe JP

更新日期：1978-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Zearalenone (ZEN) is a non-steroidal oestrogenic mycotoxin produced by several Fusarium species growing on cereals. ZEN and its metabolites bind to human oestrogen receptors and hence display oestrogenic and anabolic properties. Several lines of investigation suggest that ZEN may be genotoxic in vivo. ZEN damages DNA ...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Abid-Essefi S,Baudrimont I,Hassen W,Ouanes Z,Mobio TA,Anane R,Creppy EE,Bacha H

更新日期：2003-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of zinc (Zn) on the immunomodulatory properties of cadmium (Cd) was investigated in male Wistar rats. Animals were orally exposed to Cd and or Zn, by stomach tubing for 7 weeks. Response of splenocytes to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A), was significantly increased by Zn. When exposed in...

journal_title：Toxicology

authors： Chopra RK,Sehgal S,Nath R

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00