Aerosol delivery from a metered-dose inhaler during mechanical ventilation. An in vitro model.

abstract：:In humans, respiratory viral infections lead to increased airway responsiveness and exacerbations of asthma. In the present study, the role of interleukin-5 (IL-5) in virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation was examined in guinea pigs. In animals treated with control antibody, parainfluenza-3 virus s...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： van Oosterhout AJ,van Ark I,Folkerts G,van der Linde HJ,Savelkoul HF,Verheyen AK,Nijkamp FP

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this case-control family study of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), we describe the distributions of SDB and SDB risk factors in African-Americans and Caucasians. A total of 225 African-Americans and 622 Caucasians, ages 2 to 86 yr, recruited as members of families with an individual with known sleep apnea (85 inde...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Redline S,Tishler PV,Hans MG,Tosteson TD,Strohl KP,Spry K

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Systemic inflammation is present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which has been linked to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We determined the effects of oral and inhaled corticosteroids on serum markers of inflammation in patients with stable COPD. We recruited 41 patients with mild to moderate ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Sin DD,Lacy P,York E,Man SF

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Many authors have suggested that the mechanism by which atelectasis contributes to injury is through the repetitive opening and closing of distal airways in lung regions that are atelectatic. However, neither the topographic nor mechanistic relationships between atelectasis and distribution of lung injury are...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Tsuchida S,Engelberts D,Peltekova V,Hopkins N,Frndova H,Babyn P,McKerlie C,Post M,McLoughlin P,Kavanagh BP

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most of the studies linking chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with oxidative stress are in vitro, using invasive techniques, or measuring systemic oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to quantify oxidative stress in the lungs in patients with COPD and in healthy smokers, as reflected by 8-isoprostane...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Montuschi P,Collins JV,Ciabattoni G,Lazzeri N,Corradi M,Kharitonov SA,Barnes PJ

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently described surgical approaches to the treatment of emphysema, including buttressed stapled volume reduction and laser coagulation, are associated with variable clinical outcomes. We examined objective preoperative factors as predictors of response to treatment in patients enrolled in a randomized trial of stap...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Brenner M,McKenna R Jr,Gelb A,Osann K,Schein MJ,Panzera J,Wong H,Berns MW,Wilson AF

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Defining the biogeography of bacterial populations in human body habitats is a high priority for understanding microbial-host relationships in health and disease. The healthy lung was traditionally considered sterile, but this notion has been challenged by emerging molecular approaches that enable comprehensi...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Charlson ES,Bittinger K,Haas AR,Fitzgerald AS,Frank I,Yadav A,Bushman FD,Collman RG

更新日期：2011-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the incidence of pulmonary hypertension is higher in female patients, numerous experimental studies have demonstrated better outcome in female animals, exacerbation of the disease after ovariectomy, and a strong protective effect of estrogen: a phenomenon known as the "estrogen paradox" of pulmonary hypertens...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Umar S,Rabinovitch M,Eghbali M

更新日期：2012-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the relationship between the extent of pulmonary emphysema, assessed by quantitative high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), and lung mechanics in 24 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The extent of emphysema was quantified as the relative lung area with CT numbers < -950 H...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Baldi S,Miniati M,Bellina CR,Battolla L,Catapano G,Begliomini E,Giustini D,Giuntini C

更新日期：2001-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Donor mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC) expansion and fibrotic differentiation is associated with development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) in human lung allografts. However, the regulators of fibrotic differentiation of these resident mesenchymal cells are not well understood. OBJECTIVES:This...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Walker NM,Badri LN,Wadhwa A,Wettlaufer S,Peters-Golden M,Lama VN

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Immunophenotypes of antiviral responses, and their relationship with asthma, allergy, and lower respiratory tract infections, are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES:We characterized multiple cytokine responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to rhinovirus stimulation, and their relationship with clinical ou...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Custovic A,Belgrave D,Lin L,Bakhsoliani E,Telcian AG,Solari R,Murray CS,Walton RP,Curtin J,Edwards MR,Simpson A,Rattray M,Johnston SL

更新日期：2018-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Implementation of intervention strategies to prevent lung damage in early cystic fibrosis (CF) requires objective outcome measures that capture and track lung disease. OBJECTIVES:To define the utility of the Lung Clearance Index (LCI), measured by multiple breath washout, as a means to track disease progress...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Stanojevic S,Davis SD,Retsch-Bogart G,Webster H,Davis M,Johnson RC,Jensen R,Pizarro ME,Kane M,Clem CC,Schornick L,Subbarao P,Ratjen FA

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Airway smooth muscle (ASM) accumulation and enrichment of the extracellular matrix (ECM) with type I collagen and fibronectin are major pathologic features of airway remodeling in asthma. These ECM components confer enhanced ASM proliferation in vitro, but a requirement for specific integrin ECM receptors has not been...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Nguyen TT,Ward JP,Hirst SJ

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A noninvasive means of detecting airway secretions in ventilator-dependent patients is desirable because endotracheal suctioning can result in life-threatening complications. In a patient who had copious secretions, we observed a sawtooth pattern on his flow-volume curve that disappeared after suctioning. Accordingly,...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Jubran A,Tobin MJ

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Exhaled nitric oxide (NO) is a well-known marker of established airway inflammation in asthma. Its role in the disease process before the onset of respiratory symptoms remains unclear. OBJECTIVES:To examine whether elevated NO in newborns with clinically naive airways is associated with subsequent respirator...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Latzin P,Kuehni CE,Baldwin DN,Roiha HL,Casaulta C,Frey U

更新日期：2006-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite several codes of research ethics, the issuance of comprehensive rules regarding informed consent by governmental agencies, and numerous writings on the subject of informed consent, many commentators still question the quality of the informed consent process in clinical research. A major concern is that investi...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Silverman HJ

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Recent findings have demonstrated that muscarinic M(3) receptor stimulation enhances airway smooth muscle proliferation to peptide growth factors in vitro. Because both peptide growth factor expression and acetylcholine release are known to be augmented in allergic airway inflammation, it is possible that ant...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Gosens R,Bos IS,Zaagsma J,Meurs H

更新日期：2005-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The impact of asthma on chronic lung function deficits is well known. However, there has been little study of ethnic differences in these asthma-associated deficits. OBJECTIVES:To examine whether there are ethnic differences in the effects of asthma on children's lung function. METHODS:We evaluated the impa...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Zhang Y,McConnell R,Gilliland F,Berhane K

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cilomilast (Ariflo), a new oral phosphodiesterase-4 selective inhibitor, improves lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We have evaluated its antiinflammatory effects in 59 patients with COPD randomized to receive cilomilast, 15 mg two times a day, or placebo for 12 weeks. Induced sputum diffe...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Gamble E,Grootendorst DC,Brightling CE,Troy S,Qiu Y,Zhu J,Parker D,Matin D,Majumdar S,Vignola AM,Kroegel C,Morell F,Hansel TT,Rennard SI,Compton C,Amit O,Tat T,Edelson J,Pavord ID,Rabe KF,Barnes NC,Jeffery PK

更新日期：2003-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the influence of pulmonary bacteriology and histology on the yield of diagnostic procedures in a clinically relevant model of ventilator-acquired pneumonia (VAP). Twenty-seven piglets entered a 4-d protocol of ventilatory support under general anesthesia. Endotracheal aspirates (EA), protected specimen...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Wermert D,Marquette CH,Copin MC,Wallet F,Fraticelli A,Ramon P,Tonnel AB

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of long-term exposure to air pollutants was studied in a cross-sectional population-based sample of adults (aged 18 to 60 yr; n = 9,651) residing in eight different areas in Switzerland. Standardized medical examination included questionnaire data, lung function tests, skin-prick testing, and end-expiratory...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Ackermann-Liebrich U,Leuenberger P,Schwartz J,Schindler C,Monn C,Bolognini G,Bongard JP,Brändli O,Domenighetti G,Elsasser S,Grize L,Karrer W,Keller R,Keller-Wossidlo H,Künzli N,Martin BW,Medici TC,Perruchoud AP,Schöni

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Tissue injury and repair involve highly conserved processes governed by mechanisms that can be co-opted in tumors. We hypothesized that soluble factors released during the repair response to lung injury would promote orthotopic tumor growth. OBJECTIVES:To determine whether lung injury promoted growth of orth...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Arenberg D,Luckhardt TR,Carskadon S,Zhao L,Amin MA,Koch AE

更新日期：2010-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:High-dose isoniazid is recommended in short-course regimens for multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). The optimal dose of isoniazid and its individual contribution to efficacy against TB strains with inhA or katG mutations are unknown. OBJECTIVE:Define the optimal dose of isoniazid for patients with isoniazid-res...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Dooley KE,Miyahara S,von Groote-Bidlingmaier F,Sun X,Hafner R,Rosenkranz SL,Ignatius EH,Nuermberger EL,Moran L,Donahue K,Swindells S,Vanker N,Diacon AH,A5312 Study Team.

更新日期：2020-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:It is hypothesized that the affective dimension of dyspnea (unpleasantness, emotional response) is not strictly dependent on the intensity of dyspnea. OBJECTIVES:We tested the hypothesis that the ratio of immediate unpleasantness (A(1)) to sensory intensity (SI) varies depending on the type of dyspnea. METH...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Banzett RB,Pedersen SH,Schwartzstein RM,Lansing RW

更新日期：2008-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been associated with kidney function loss, which may be related to changes in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). OBJECTIVES:We sought to determine the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) of patients with OSA on renal hemodynamics at baseline and in response...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Nicholl DD,Hanly PJ,Poulin MJ,Handley GB,Hemmelgarn BR,Sola DY,Ahmed SB

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The remarkable success of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with EGFR mutations and ALK rearrangements, respectively, introduced the era of targeted therapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), shifting treatment from platinum...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Cardarella S,Johnson BE

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pulmonary hypertension associated with congestive heart failure carries a risk of right ventricular failure after cardiac transplantation. Few data, however, are available on the hemodynamic behavior of the pulmonary circulation in these patients. We therefore studied mean pulmonary artery pressure minus left atrial p...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Naeije R,Lipski A,Abramowicz M,Lejeune P,Mélot C,Antoine M,De Smet JM,Leclerc JL,Primo G

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is characterized by a Th2 immune response. Mouse models suggest a critical role for the Th2 chemokines thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) in ABPA. OBJECTIVES:To determine whether serum levels of TARC and MDC ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Hartl D,Latzin P,Zissel G,Krane M,Krauss-Etschmann S,Griese M

更新日期：2006-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:There are few follow-up studies on long-term cardiopulmonary function after pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA), the operation of choice for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). OBJECTIVES:To prospectively evaluate long-term outcome of patients with CTEPH treated with PEA. METHODS:Between 1994 ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Corsico AG,D'Armini AM,Cerveri I,Klersy C,Ansaldo E,Niniano R,Gatto E,Monterosso C,Morsolini M,Nicolardi S,Tramontin C,Pozzi E,Viganò M

更新日期：2008-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Although considerable evidence indicates a role for CD4(+) T lymphocytes (T cells) in airway inflammation, little data exist regarding the mechanisms underlying the induction and regulation of CD4(+) T cell reactivity to lung-specific antigens. To dissect the immunologic and molecular mechanisms of CD4(+) T cell dysre...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Bruder D,Westendorf AM,Geffers R,Gruber AD,Gereke M,Enelow RI,Buer J

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00