Abstract：
:Molecular characteristics, especially 18S rDNA sequences, may be of great value for the study of bivalve evolution and its numerous morphological convergencies once the reliability of these data can be evaluated. The analysis of 11 published complete molluscan sequences and two new ones, Arca noae and Atrina pectinata, reveals considerable differences in relative substitution rates. The gastropod and eulamellibranch species have the fastest and Atrina species have the slowest rates. Two methods are used to assess the information contents of the dataset in addition to bootstrap analysis, spectral analysis, and the "pattern of resolved nodes" technique. Tree reconstructions by parsimony, neighbor-joining, and maximum-likelihood differ in regard to the position of the eulamellibranch family Mactridae and of Crassostrea. Although there is a signal for the monophyly of Bivalvia, Mactridae cluster with Gastropoda in most runs, rendering Bivalvia diphyletic. The position of Crassostrea was extremely variable, probably due to the high substitution rate of this species. Atrina roots deeper than Arca in all trees, although a corresponding signal in spectral analysis is absent. Phylogenetic signals among the three pectinid species are low but sufficient to resolve the branching pattern. The tree inferred from the 18S rDNA and from morphological data has Bivalvia monophyletic with a basal polytomy of Mactridae, Crassostrea, and the remaining Pteriomorphia, where Arca branches off before Atrina and the Pectinidae. Argopecten is sister group to the other two pectinids; 18S sequence data will have great impact on our understanding of bivalve phylogeny, but only when more sequences of similar substitution rates are available.
journal_name
J Mol Evoljournal_title
Journal of molecular evolutionauthors
Steiner G,Müller Mdoi
10.1007/BF02352300subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-07-01 00:00:00pages
58-70issue
1eissn
0022-2844issn
1432-1432journal_volume
43pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:A long-standing hypothesis posits that morphological changes may be more likely to result from changes in regulation of gene expression than from changes in the protein coding sequences of genes. We have compared the expression pattern of the twisted gastrulation (tsg) gene among five Drosophila species: D. melanogast...
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