Activation of CD4+ T lymphocytes form interleukin 2-deficient mice by costimulatory B7 molecules.

abstract：:The p53 tumor-suppressor protein is a critical mediator of cellular growth arrest and the induction of apoptosis. To identify proteins involved in the modulation of p53 transcriptional activity, a gain-of-function cellular screen was carried out with an arrayed matrix of approximately 20,000 cDNAs. Nine genes previous...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huang Q,Raya A,DeJesus P,Chao SH,Quon KC,Caldwell JS,Chanda SK,Izpisua-Belmonte JC,Schultz PG

更新日期：2004-03-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Helicases are molecular motor enzymes that unwind and translocate nucleic acids. One of the central questions regarding helicase activity is whether the process of coupling ATP hydrolysis to DNA unwinding requires an oligomeric form of the enzyme. We have applied a pre-steady-state kinetics approach to address this qu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nanduri B,Byrd AK,Eoff RL,Tackett AJ,Raney KD

更新日期：2002-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of spontaneous suppressors to the temperature-sensitive phenotype of the single-stranded DNA-binding protein mutation ssb-1 were isolated. A genomic library of EcoRI fragments from one of these suppressor strains was prepared by using pBR325 as the cloning vector. A 10.0-kilobase class of inserts was identifi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ruben SM,VanDenBrink-Webb SE,Rein DC,Meyer RR

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcriptional regulation of gene expression is a major mechanism used by plants to confer phenotypic plasticity, and yet compared with other eukaryotes or bacteria, little is known about the design principles. We generated an extensive catalog of nascent and steady-state transcripts in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hetzel J,Duttke SH,Benner C,Chory J

更新日期：2016-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The complete amino acid and DNA sequences of the human 40-kDa keratin are reported. The DNA sequence encodes a protein of 44,098 Da, which is unique in that it lacks the terminal non-alpha-helical tail segment found in all other keratins. When the human 40-kDa keratin amino acid sequence is compared to the correspondi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eckert RL

更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infectious diseases of domesticated animals impact human well-being via food insecurity, loss of livelihoods, and human infections. While much research has focused on parasites that infect single host species, most parasites of domesticated mammals infect multiple species. The impact of multihost parasites varies acro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Farrell MJ,Davies TJ

更新日期：2019-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenylate cyclase [ATP pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing), EC 4.6.1.1] activity of purified secretory vesicle membranes from the adrenal medulla is inhibited by I-isoproterenol and I-epinephrine, as well as by nerve growth factor (NGF). The effect of these agents was found to be dose-dependent and, in the case of the cat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nikodijevic O,Nikodijevic B,Zinder O,Yu MY,Guroff G,Pollard HB

更新日期：1976-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This communication reports a modulating effect of intracellular ATP on the steady-state and kinetic properties of the delayed rectifier of the giant axon of the squid. When internally dialyzed or perfused giant axons from Loligo plei or Loligo pealei are voltage clamped at -60 mV and washed free of ATP, the potassium ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bezanilla F,Caputo C,DiPolo R,Rojas H

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The gene for cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) [GTP:oxaloacetate carboxy-lyase (transphosphorylating), EC 4.1.1.32] from the rat was isolated from a recombinant library containing the rat genome in phage lambda Charon 4A. The isolated clone, lambda PCK1, contains the complete gene for phosphoenolpyruva...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yoo-Warren H,Monahan JE,Short J,Short H,Bruzel A,Wynshaw-Boris A,Meisner HM,Samols D,Hanson RW

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Raf family includes three members, of which B-Raf is frequently mutated in melanoma and other tumors. We show that Raf-1 and A-Raf require Hsp90 for stability, whereas B-Raf does not. In contrast, mutated, activated B-Raf binds to an Hsp90-cdc37 complex, which is required for its stability and function. Exposure o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Grbovic OM,Basso AD,Sawai A,Ye Q,Friedlander P,Solit D,Rosen N

更新日期：2006-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Online education is rapidly expanding in response to rising demand for higher and continuing education, but many online students struggle to achieve their educational goals. Several behavioral science interventions have shown promise in raising student persistence and completion rates in a handful of courses, but evid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kizilcec RF,Reich J,Yeomans M,Dann C,Brunskill E,Lopez G,Turkay S,Williams JJ,Tingley D

更新日期：2020-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibition of eicosanoid formation in larvae of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta, using specific inhibitors of phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase, and lipoxygenase, severely weakened the ability of larvae to clear the bacterium Serratia marscescens from their hemolymph. The reduced capability to remove bacteria is ass...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stanley-Samuelson DW,Jensen E,Nickerson KW,Tiebel K,Ogg CL,Howard RW

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Depression is a debilitating mental illness and is often comorbid with metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes. Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived hormone with antidiabetic and insulin-sensitizing properties. Here we show that adiponectin levels in plasma are reduced in a chronic social-defeat stress model of dep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu J,Guo M,Zhang D,Cheng SY,Liu M,Ding J,Scherer PE,Liu F,Lu XY

更新日期：2012-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonspatial theory on pathogen evolution generally predicts selection for maximal number of secondary infections, constrained only by supposed physiological trade-offs between pathogen infectiousness and virulence. Spread of diseases in human populations can, however, exhibit large scale patterns, underlining the need ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： van Ballegooijen WM,Boerlijst MC

更新日期：2004-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The advent of molecular tension probes for real-time mapping of piconewton forces in living systems has had a major impact on mechanobiology. For example, DNA-based tension probes have revealed roles for mechanics in platelet, B cell, T cell, and fibroblast function. Nonetheless, imaging short-lived forces transmitted...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ma R,Kellner AV,Ma VP,Su H,Deal BR,Brockman JM,Salaita K

更新日期：2019-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA photolyase is a pyrimidine-dimer repair enzyme that uses visible light. Photolyase generally contains two chromophore cofactors. One is a catalytic cofactor directly contributing to the repair of a pyrimidine-dimer. The other is a light-harvesting cofactor, which absorbs visible light and transfers energy to the c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Komori H,Masui R,Kuramitsu S,Yokoyama S,Shibata T,Inoue Y,Miki K

更新日期：2001-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains harboring a nonreciprocal, bridge-induced translocation (BIT) between chromosomes VIII and XV exhibited an abnormal phenotype comprising elongated buds and multibudded, unevenly nucleated pseudohyphae. In these cells, we found evidence of molecular effects elicited by the translocation...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nikitin D,Tosato V,Zavec AB,Bruschi CV

更新日期：2008-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Temporal integration in visual perception is thought to occur within cycles of occipital alpha-band (8-12 Hz) oscillations. Successive stimuli may be integrated when they fall within the same alpha cycle and segregated for different alpha cycles. Consequently, the speed of alpha oscillations correlates with the tempor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wutz A,Melcher D,Samaha J

更新日期：2018-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:An alpha-bungarotoxin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate, which binds specificity to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, was synthesized. This conjugate was bound by 5-7% of the synapses in the inner plexiform layer of the chicken retina. Bipolar ribbon synapses as well as amacrine synapses bound the conjugate. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vogel Z,Maloney GJ,Ling A,Daniels MP

更新日期：1977-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interindividual differences in hepatic metabolism, which are mainly due to genetic polymorphism in its gene, have a large influence on individual drug efficacy and adverse reaction. Hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have the potential to predict interindividual...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Takayama K,Morisaki Y,Kuno S,Nagamoto Y,Harada K,Furukawa N,Ohtaka M,Nishimura K,Imagawa K,Sakurai F,Tachibana M,Sumazaki R,Noguchi E,Nakanishi M,Hirata K,Kawabata K,Mizuguchi H

更新日期：2014-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Remarkable progress has come from whole-brain models linking anatomy and function. Paradoxically, it is not clear how a neuronal dynamical system running in the fixed human anatomical connectome can give rise to the rich changes in the functional repertoire associated with human brain function, which is impossible to ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kringelbach ML,Cruzat J,Cabral J,Knudsen GM,Carhart-Harris R,Whybrow PC,Logothetis NK,Deco G

更新日期：2020-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptors on activated T cells exist in high- and low-affinity configurations, both of which share a ligand-binding component known as the Tac protein. Although almost all binding of IL-2 to such cells was inhibited by an antibody to Tac, the predominant component of binding on the natural killer ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Robb RJ,Rusk CM,Yodoi J,Greene WC

更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Conversion of carbon dioxide into hydrocarbons using solar energy is an attractive strategy for storing such a renewable source of energy into the form of chemical energy (a fuel). This can be achieved in a system coupling a photovoltaic (PV) cell to an electrochemical cell (EC) for CO2 reduction. To be beneficial and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huan TN,Dalla Corte DA,Lamaison S,Karapinar D,Lutz L,Menguy N,Foldyna M,Turren-Cruz SH,Hagfeldt A,Bella F,Fontecave M,Mougel V

更新日期：2019-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Antigen.antibody complexes (Ag.Ab) prepared from (125)I-labeled bovine serum albumin and guinea pig anti-albumin were incubated at 37 degrees C for 30 min with normal human serum diluted optimally for binding (1:16) and then with autologous erythrocytes (RBC). After washing, RBC-bearing antigen.antibody.complement com...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Medof ME,Prince GM,Mold C

更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thyroid hormone is a critical mediator of central nervous system (CNS) development, acting through nuclear receptors to modulate the expression of specific genes. Transcription of the rat hairless (hr) gene is highly up-regulated by thyroid hormone in the developing CNS; we show here that hr is directly induced by thy...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thompson CC,Bottcher MC

更新日期：1997-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite being a fundamental electronic component for over 70 years, it is still possible to develop different transistor designs, including the addition of a diode-like Schottky source electrode to thin-film transistors. The discovery of a dependence of the source barrier height on the semiconductor thickness and deri...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang J,Wilson J,Auton G,Wang Y,Xu M,Xin Q,Song A

更新日期：2019-03-12 00:00:00

abstract：:In plants, the AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR (ARF) transcription factor family regulates gene expression in response to auxin. In the absence of auxin, ARF transcription factors are repressed by interaction with AUXIN/INDOLE 3-ACETIC ACID (Aux/IAA) proteins. Although the C termini of ARF and Aux/IAA proteins facilitate their ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Korasick DA,Westfall CS,Lee SG,Nanao MH,Dumas R,Hagen G,Guilfoyle TJ,Jez JM,Strader LC

更新日期：2014-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydrogenases catalyze the reversible reaction 2H(+) + 2e(-) ↔ H(2) with an equilibrium constant that is dependent on the reducing potential of electrons carried by their redox partner. To examine the possibility of increasing the photobiological production of hydrogen within cyanobacterial cultures, we expressed the [...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ducat DC,Sachdeva G,Silver PA

更新日期：2011-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Current chemotherapeutic approaches for cancer are in part limited by the inability of drugs to destroy neoplastic cells within poorly vascularized compartments of tumors. We have here systematically assessed anaerobic bacteria for their capacity to grow expansively within avascular compartments of transplanted tumors...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dang LH,Bettegowda C,Huso DL,Kinzler KW,Vogelstein B

更新日期：2001-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in the visA gene of Escherichia coli cause the mutant bacteria to die upon illumination with visible light. We confirmed genetically that the visA gene is a structural gene for ferrochelatase (protoheme ferro-lyase, EC 4.99.1.1). Since other mutations in the genes involved in the biosynthesis of heme can cur...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakahigashi K,Nishimura K,Miyamoto K,Inokuchi H

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00