Abstract：
:To establish reliable criteria for the evaluation of nuclear donor embryos, we studied the effect of cell number and cell size of in vitro produced day 6 donor morulae on the rate of blastocyst formation following nuclear transfer to in vitro matured oocytes. In experiment 1, donor embryos were divided into three groups with low (25-34), intermediate (40-55), and high (60-81) blastomere numbers. Transfer of nuclei from day 6 morulae with intermediate and high cell numbers resulted in a significantly higher blastocyst rate (31% and 32%, respectively) than use of nuclei from day 6 morulae with low cell numbers (17%) or nuclei from day 7 morulae with 50-83 blastomeres (19%). This suggests that blastomeres from the developmentally advanced day 6 morulae are more viable than blastomeres from retarded embryos. In experiment 2, we evaluated the effect of blastomere size in day 6 donor morulae with intermediate (40-55) or high (60-81) cell numbers on the efficiency of nuclear transfer. In both classes of embryos, small blastomeres were better nuclear donors than large blastomeres. The rates of development to the blastocyst stage were 28% versus 15% (40-55 cells) and 41% versus 25% (60-81 cells), suggesting that small blastomeres include a higher proportion of totipotent cells than the polarized large blastomeres. Our results demonstrate that blastomere number and size markedly affect the efficiency of nuclear transfer and therefore are useful criteria for evaluating nuclear donor embryos. These parameters are easy to determine and may therefore be helpful to improve the efficiency of cattle cloning.
journal_name
Mol Reprod Devjournal_title
Molecular reproduction and developmentauthors
Zakhartchenko V,Wolf E,Palma GA,Brem Gdoi
10.1002/mrd.1080420107subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-09-01 00:00:00pages
53-7issue
1eissn
1040-452Xissn
1098-2795journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Sperm must undergo capacitation to become fertilization competent. Here we validated that monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1 ) localization patterns, which were assessed in the Cap-Score™ Sperm Function Test, reflect a capacitated state in human sperm. First, we defined patterns representing sperm that do or do not...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.22801
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Demecolcine-induced enucleation (IE) of mouse oocytes has been shown to improve development to term of cloned mice. In this study, we characterized the kinetics and morphological progression of bovine oocytes subjected to IE, and evaluated their ability to support embryo development to the blastocyst stage after nucle...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.20356
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been proposed that the viability of early mammalian embryos is associated with a metabolism that is "quiet" rather than "active" (Leese HJ, 2002:BioEssays 24:845-849). The data on which this hypothesis was based were largely drawn from measurements on the depletion and appearance of amino acids from the culture...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/mrd.20604
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We compared the results of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) that leads to full term development of hybrid (B6C3F1 and B6D2F1) and inbred (C57BL/6) mouse embryos. Although fertilization and pre-implantation development of C57BL/6 eggs were similar to those of F1 hybrid eggs, post-implantation development of the ...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1063
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between protein tyrosine phosphorylation state and sperm characteristics in frozen-stored spermatozoa of Japanese Black bulls. The spermatozoa were washed with PBS containing polyvinyl alcohol and then incubated with cell-permeable cAMP analog cBiMPS to induce fl...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.21233
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abattoir-derived oocytes were exposed to a concentrated cryoprotectant solution (DAP213: 2 M DMSO, 1 M acetamide, 3 M propanediol, and 10% FCS in TCM199) for 1.5 or 5 min at the germinal vesicle (GV) stage or after maturation in vitro (IVM). Their viability was assessed by in vitro fertilization (IVF) and culture (IVC...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080400206
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:P450aromatase (CYP19) is an essential part of the enzyme complex catalyzing the conversion of androgens into estrogens, which is a key reaction in the sex differentiation in vertebrates. Two full-length cDNAs encoding the genetic distinct CYP19A and CYP19B isozymes were isolated from Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hip...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.20373
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of reactive oxygen species production on the motility parameters, DNA integrity, acid phosphatase activity, and protein tyrosine phosphorylation in spermatozoa of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) was investigated. Spermatozoa were exposed to different concentrations of xanthine and xanthine oxidase (X-XO) ...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.22442
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many ascidians live in clumps and usually release sperm before the eggs. Consequently, eggs are often spawned into dense clouds of sperm. Because fertilization by more than a single sperm is lethal, ascidians have evolved at least two successive blocks to polyspermy: the rapid release of a glycosidase that inhibits sp...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199709)48:1<137::AID-MRD16
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The completion of spermiogenesis requires condensation of the haploid spermatid genome. This task is accomplished in a gradual and relentless manner by first erasing the nucleosomal organization of chromatin while the DNA is protected by transient nuclear proteins TP1 and TP2. Then, the more permanent protamines come ...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1002/1098-2795(20010401)58:4<357::AID-MRD1>3.0.
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was designed to investigate the effect of vitrification on mitochondrial distribution, membrane potential (Deltapsi) and microtubule distribution in mouse 2-PN embryos, as well as to document the relationship between mitochondrial distribution and developmental ability of those embryos. Mitochondrial...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.21064
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A group of low Mr (16 kDa-23 kDa) glycoproteins on ejaculated boar spermatozoa have been shown to have high affinity for homologous zona pellucida glycoproteins (ZPGPs). These ZPGP binding proteins are derived from seminal plasma as shown by their absence from epididymal spermatozoa and their presence in seminal plasm...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080330115
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mouse oocyte maturation inhibitory factors, on the basis of inhibitory activity of spontaneous germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) of denuded mouse oocytes in culture, were extracted and partially purified by reversed-phase resin adsorption and Sephadex G-100 and G-50 column chromatographies from the urine of pregnant w...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080340116
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carp hyosophorin (HSP) is purified from oocytes. It is a highly glycosylated protein (10% protein and 90% carbohydrate) of high molecular weight (>100 kDa) and is localized in the cortical granules of oocytes. During cortical reaction carp HSP is exocytosed into the perivitelline space and is rapidly cleaved to the lo...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199903)52:3<288::AID-MRD6>
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL1), an anti-apoptotic member of the BCL2 family, is expressed abundantly in the testis. Previous characterization revealed that MCL1 is expressed exclusively in the Leydig cells in the mouse testis, yet what it does in these cells remains unknown. We therefore analyzed testosterone biosynth...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.22614
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The analysis of differences in gene expression, responding to cryopreservation may explain some of the observed differences in further development of the preimplantation stage embryos. The aim of this study was to create a link, for the first time, between morphological/developmental observations and gene activity cha...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.20450
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A porcine interleukin-6 (pIL-6) cDNA has been cloned from pig spleen cDNA library to provide information that would allow us to study IL-6 mRNA expression during pregnancy of several domestic Artiodactyla. The cDNA is 1058 bp long and with a single open reading frame that encodes a 212 amino acid polypeptide with 28-r...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080320404
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Data from our laboratory have shown that an estrogen (E2)-dependent M(r) 90,000-92,000 protein and its mRNA are synthesized and expressed in abundant amounts at estrus from the fimbria and ampulla, not isthmus, oviduct of the sheep. Immunocytochemical studies have shown that the M(r) 90,000-92,000 protein is contained...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080420303
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In mouse oocytes, meiotic induction by pharmacological activation of PRKA (adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase; formerly known as AMPK) or by hormones depends on stimulation of fatty acid oxidation (FAO). PRKA stimulates FAO by phosphorylating and inactivating acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACAC; formerly ACC), ...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.22505
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibulin-1 is a secreted protein associated with elastic matrix fibres and basement membranes. It plays a role in stabilizing blood vessels and can also regulate cell motility and invasiveness. We studied the regulation of the fibulin-1 gene in the rat and human endometrium, an organ where cyclic tissue remodeling and ...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.20079
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cysteamine when added during in vitro maturation (IVM) or in vitro embryo culture (IVC) stimulates glutathione (GSH) synthesis and improves embryo developmental rates. This suggests that GSH synthesis is decreased in the in vitro produced embryo. The present study was carried out to evaluate if addition of cysteamine ...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.10087
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Communication between the oocyte and its somatic cells has been shown to be important in oocyte development. Here we examined how the oocyte may be involved in bovine cumulus cell expansion. Intact bovine cumulus oocyte complexes (COC) were obtained by puncturing antral follicles. From the intact COC, oocytectomised c...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080420214
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Decades worth of research have consistently shown the adverse effects of elevated temperatures on reproductive parameters of livestock species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the developmental and apoptotic responses of porcine in vitro fertilized (IVF) and parthenogenetically activated (PA) embryos heat ...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.20620
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nucleolar fine structure, "blebbing" activity of nuclear envelope, and activation of heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) synthesis were studied in bovine reconstructed embryos obtained by electrofusion of a single eight-cell blastomere with an enucleated oocyte. Developmental progress of nucleolar fine structure and hnR...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080290204
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mammalian reproductive processes involve spermatogenesis, which occurs in the testis, and fertilization, which takes place in the female genital tract. Fertilization is a successive, multistep, and extremely complicated event that usually includes sperm survival in the uterus, sperm migration through the uterotubal ju...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/mrd.23180
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Expression of ovine interferon-tau (oIFNtau) genes, essential for the maternal recognition of pregnancy in ruminant ungulates, is restricted to the trophoblast and is not detected in any other cell types or tissues. Substantial secretion of oIFNtau starts on day 12-13 of pregnancy (day 0 = day of estrus), reaches the ...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.20002
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Semen analysis lacks a functional component and best identifies extreme cases of infertility. The ganglioside GM1 is known to have functional roles during capacitation and acrosome exocytosis. Here, we assessed whether GM1 localization patterns (Cap-Score™) correspond with male fertility in different settings: Study 1...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.22803
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Estrogen plays an important role in the human reproductive system and its action is mediated mainly by two specific receptors: α (ERα) and β (ERβ). There are polymorphic variants in both ER genes, and studies showed their association with reproductive outcomes. We aimed to determine the distribution of ERα and ERβ gen...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.21365
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We aimed in this study to explore if sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) reduces apoptosis of primordial follicles during cryopreservation of human ovarian cortical samples. Ovarian cortical tissue fragments obtained from young patients who underwent laparoscopic excision of benign ovarian cysts were used for the experiment...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.23043
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three monoclonal antibodies against human protamines were obtained by immunization with total human basic nuclear proteins or purified protamine HP3. The specificity of antibodies was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot. They recognized three distinct epitopes: One was specific for t...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080360115
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
