Effects of memory aids on the dyadic conversations of individuals with dementia.

abstract：:Behavioral assessment procedures were used to determine the maintaining conditions of self-injury exhibited by 2 children with severe multiple handicaps. For both children, negative reinforcement (escape from grooming activities) was determined to be the maintaining reinforcer for self-injury (hand/arm biting) within ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Steege MW,Wacker DP,Cigrand KC,Berg WK,Novak CG,Reimers TM,Sasso GM,DeRaad A

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Meta-analytic methods provide a way to synthesize data across treatment evaluation studies. However, these well-accepted methods are infrequent with behavior analytic studies. Multilevel models may be a promising method to meta-analyze single-case data. This technical article provides a primer for how to conduct a mul...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Becraft JL,Borrero JC,Sun S,McKenzie AA

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transitions from one activity to another may evoke problem behavior from individuals with intellectual disabilities. One explanation for the occurrence of problem behavior could be the change in relative densities of reinforcement between the two activities. We conducted a descriptive assessment of problem behavior wi...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Castillo MI,Clark DR,Schaller EA,Donaldson JM,DeLeon IG,Kahng S

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Behavioral measures of food consumption and tasting were combined with nutrient analysis of foods served at a toddler day-care center to determine whether children at the stage of initial exposure to adult diets would accept textured vegetable protein (TVP) and nonfat dry milk as well as they ate other sources of prot...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Herbert-Jackson E,Risley TR

更新日期：1977-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated problem behavior exhibited by 6 individuals with developmental disabilities using the behavioral economic conceptualization of unit price. Descriptive observations were conducted during interactions between the participants and their primary care providers in a clinical laboratory, the participants' homes...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Borrero JC,Francisco MT,Haberlin AT,Ross NA,Sran SK

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared immediate and delayed error correction during sight-word instruction with 5 students with developmental disabilities. Whole-word error correction immediately followed each error for words in the immediate condition. In the delayed condition, whole-word error correction was provided at the end of each sessi...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Barbetta PM,Heward WL,Bradley DM,Miller AD

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using a BAB design, a token system requiring cooperative interaction was used to change the reading and vocabulary performance of an 18-member class of third-grade hyperactive boys. Four different colored tokens, which could be exchanged for 15 minutes of play on electrovideo games, were earned by successful completio...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Robinson PW,Newby TJ,Ganzell SL

更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Originating in the mid-1960s, functional analysis (FA) has become the gold standard method for understanding the environmental variables that come to shape and maintain problematic behaviors such as aggression, self-injury, and property destruction. Over the decades, a number of studies have refined FA methods, attemp...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Saini V,Fisher WW,Retzlaff BJ,Keevy M

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often display deficits in social and conversational skills. One method used to improve social deficits includes video modeling. When targeting conversational skills, few studies have included individuals with ASD as conversational partners. We evaluated the effects of vi...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Ezzeddine EW,DeBar RM,Reeve SA,Townsend DB

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This research was conducted to determine the effects of a study skill training procedure on oral retelling of printed expository material read by three intermediate-grade learning disabled students. Measures of story retelling, study characteristics, and answers to comprehension questions were obtained during each ses...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Alexander DF

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated the extent to which discriminative stimuli (S(D)s) facilitate differential responding during multielement functional analyses. Eight individuals, all diagnosed with mental retardation and referred for assessment and treatment of self-injurious behavior (SIB) or aggression, participated. Functional analyse...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Conners J,Iwata BA,Kahng SW,Hanley GP,Worsdell AS,Thompson RH

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The biomotometer, an electronic device which simultaneously measures motor activity and provides auditory feedback, was used in combination with material reinforcers in an experiment to reduce children's activity level in a classroom setting. Subjects were nine boys and two girls, aged 9--13, from a day hospital progr...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Schulman JL,Suran BG,Stevens TM,Kupst MJ

更新日期：1979-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study examined the use of an instructional workshop for training educators to conduct functional analyses. Results indicated that 2 of 3 participants met the accuracy criterion following group training, whereas 1 participant required direct verbal feedback. During generalization probes, one participant acc...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Wallace MD,Doney JK,Mintz-Resudek CM,Tarbox RS

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The initial purpose of the present study was to replicate procedures for teaching preschool children to recruit attention at appropriate times by having an experimenter signal the availability and unavailability of attention (i.e., arrange a multiple schedule involving reinforcement and extinction; Tiger & Hanley, 200...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Tiger JH,Hanley GP

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recommendation to reserve the most potent reinforcers for unprompted responses during acquisition programming has little published empirical support for its purported benefits (e.g., rapid acquisition, decreased errors, and decreased prompt dependence). The purpose of the current investigation was to compare the d...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Karsten AM,Carr JE

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using audiotaped descriptions of sexual experiences and a direct measure of penile erection, it is possible to specify more precisely erotic cues in sexual deviates. Results indicated that such cues are highly idiosyncratic. Some tentative conclusions and suggested application for the method are discussed. ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Abel GG,Blanchard EB,Barlow DH,Mavissakalian M

更新日期：1975-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of 2 forms of response interruption and redirection (RIRD)-motor RIRD and vocal RIRD-were examined with 4 boys with autism to evaluate further the effects of this intervention and its potential underlying mechanisms. In Experiment 1, the effects of motor RIRD and vocal RIRD on vocal stereotypy and appropri...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Ahrens EN,Lerman DC,Kodak T,Worsdell AS,Keegan C

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study assessed the impact of choice making on the serious problem behaviors of 3 students with severe autism and/or mental retardation. In the context of within-subject reversal designs, the results showed consistently reduced levels of problem behaviors (e.g., aggression) when the students were given opportuniti...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Dyer K,Dunlap G,Winterling V

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigated possible factors in promoting racial integration, a matter of practical concern in schools today. Specifically, the effect of social and tangible reinforcement was studied on the social integration of five black children in a predominantly white classroom. "Sitting and seating with a new friend...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Hauserman N,Walen SR,Behling M

更新日期：1973-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although decades of research on functional analysis methodology have identified common contingencies that maintain problem behavior and effective interventions, relatively little research has been conducted on strategies to prevent the initial development of problem behavior. We conducted a 2-part case study, the purp...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Fahmie TA,Iwata BA,Mead SC

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Analogue functional analyses are widely used to identify the operant function of problem behavior in individuals with developmental disabilities. Because problem behavior often occurs across multiple settings (e.g., homes, schools, outpatient clinics), it is important to determine whether the results of functional ana...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Lang R,Sigafoos J,Lancioni G,Didden R,Rispoli M

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A multi-element baseline design combined with a multiple-baseline design, was used to investigate the effect of availability of materials, prizes for participation, and instruction on the leisure behavior of 14 mentally retarded women in a half-way house. A leisure program was conducted on weekday evenings, during whi...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Johnson MS,Bailey JS

更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated procedures for teaching three children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder the perspective-taking component skill of tacting what others are sensing across all five senses: see, taste, feel, hear, and smell. Using a multiple baseline across participants design, we evaluated a training package consisti...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Welsh F,Najdowski AC,Strauss D,Gallegos L,Fullen JA

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study investigated a discrete-trials, operant tracking and a descending-series procedure for the determination of hearing levels with profoundly retarded individuals. These individuals were previously diagnosed as untestable. Following stimulus-control training with errorless discrimination procedures, hea...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Woolcock JE,Alferink LA

更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Florida Department of Transportation used a series of changeable-message signs that functioned as freeway guide signs to divert traffic to Universal Theme Park via one of two eastbound exits based on traffic congestion at the first of the two exits. An examination of crashes along the entire route indicated a stat...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Van Houten R,Malenfant JE,Zhao N,Ko B,Van Houten J

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The uncooperative behavior of grade-school children during dental treatment was examined. Forty children enrolled in a government dental program were observed during treatment conditions involving instructions concerning the appropriate behavior required by the dental practitioner, description of the objective procedu...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Stokes TF,Kennedy SH

更新日期：1980-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the effectiveness of several behavioral techniques on compliance of college students taking vitamin C on q.i.d. regimen. Compliance was assessed by a new technique using a variation of the urine tracer procedure designed specifically for this study. Subjects were provided vitamin C tablets, with th...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Epstein LH,Masek BJ

更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Systematic reinforcement procedures were used to increase study behavior in the classrooms of three beginning teachers experiencing problems of classroom control. Classroom study rates were recorded during a baseline period. During subsequent experimental periods, the teachers changed one or more reinforcement conting...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Hall RV,Panyan M,Rabon D,Broden M

更新日期：1968-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The generality of the findings reported by DeLeon, Iwata, and Roscoe (1997) was examined by conducting two stimulus-choice preference assessments, the second of which evaluated low-ranked items from the initial assessment. Results for the 2 participants suggested that supplementary assessments of low-ranked items may ...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Taravella CC,Lerman DC,Contrucci SA,Roane HS

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We attempted to increase one aspect of self-determination among 3 supported workers with multiple disabilities. Following Baer's (1998) self-determination conceptualization, the workers were exposed to two conditions that involved working more versus less independently based on availability of assistive devices. Next,...

journal_title：Journal of applied behavior analysis

authors： Reid DH,Parsons MB,Green CW,Browning LB

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00