Abstract:
:Streptococcus pneumoniae interacts with vascular endothelial cells during the course of bacteremia. In this study, we characterized the initial attachment of pneumococci to human endothelial cells (EC) and the response of the endothelium to this interaction. Pneumococci adhered to EC in a dose-dependent fashion. Attachment was rapid, with the majority of bacteria attached by 30 min. No difference was found between the attachment of unencapsulated (R6) and encapsulated (SIII) strains. Purified pneumococcal cell wall components competitively inhibited attachment of R6 by a maximum of 60% in a dose-dependent manner. Following attachment of pneumococci or exposure of EC to pneumococcal cell wall, pronounced changes in EC morphology ensued, resulting in striking separation of the cells of the monolayer and, eventually, destruction of the cells. The cytopathic effects of the cell wall were inhibited by antibodies to interleukin-1 but not to tumor necrosis factor. Both antibodies were required to neutralize the cytopathology caused by intact pneumococci. We conclude that pneumococci attach rapidly to human EC and that the cell wall is important in this interaction. Intact pneumococci and pneumococcal cell wall induce profound morphologic changes in human EC, leading to loss of barrier integrity. These cytopathic effects are likely to be cytokine mediated.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Geelen S,Bhattacharyya C,Tuomanen Edoi
10.1128/IAI.61.4.1538-1543.1993subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-04-01 00:00:00pages
1538-43issue
4eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
61pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A crude complex containing group C polysaccharide, outer membrane proteins, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was isolated from the cell-free culture liquid of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C, serotype 2a. Group C polysaccharide and LPS were removed from this complex, resulting in an outer membrane complex and a purifie...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.40.1.369-380.1983
更新日期:1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cryptosporidial infections were established in five young foals with severe combined immunodeficiency following oral administration of 10(8) Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. All foals shed oocysts (average of 8 x 10(6) to 2 x 10(8)/g of feces) until death. Inflammation and C. parvum organisms were observed in the commo...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.59.10.3823-3826.1991
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seven cathepsin B-like cysteine proteases (CBLs) were identified from the immunoprotective excretory-secretory products of Haemonchus contortus. Two-dimensional (2-D) zymography and biotinylated inhibitors were employed to localize active CBLs in 2-D protein gels. Mass spectrometry provided the identification of AC-4,...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.74.3.1989-1993.2006
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The leukotrienes and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) play an important role in the pathophysiology of septic shock, in which hypotension, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and hemoconcentration are observed. This study was performed to examine the effects of a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor (AA-861), a selective leukotriene recepto...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.6.2432-2437.1992
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women may result in abortion or in fetal teratogenesis; however, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In this paper, based on a murine model, we showed that maternal infection with RH strain T. gondii tachyzoites induced elevated production of reactive oxygen species (RO...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章,收录出版
doi:10.1128/IAI.06295-11
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To produce chronic infection, microbial pathogens must escape host immune defenses. Infection with the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans is typically chronic. To understand the mechanism by which C. neoformans survives in tissue after the infection of immunocompetent hosts, we systematically studied the ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.7.4225-4237.2000
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in natural killer cell activation and the T helper 1 (Th1) cell response, particularly in collaboration with IL-12. Since Th1 cells play a pivotal role in the host defense against infection with intracellular microbes, such as Leishmania...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.5.2449-2456.2000
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Borrelia burgdorferi, a causative agent of Lyme borreliosis, is a zoonotic pathogen that survives in nutrient-limited environments within a tick, prior to transmission to its mammalian host. Survival under these prolonged nutrient-limited conditions is thought to be similar to survival during stationary phase, which i...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00925-15
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used an in vitro opsonophagocytic killing assay to measure the functional activity of antibody directed at the mucoid exopolysaccharide (MEP) antigen expressed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from cystic fibrosis patients. Rabbit antibodies raised to purified MEP were able to mediate phagocytic killing i...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.49.2.281-285.1985
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a ubiquitous bacterium and an emerging nosocomial pathogen. This bacterium is resistant to many antibiotics, associated with a number of infections, and a significant health risk, especially for immunocompromised patients. Given that Caenorhabditis elegans shares many conserved genetic ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00711-15
更新日期:2015-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which recognizes lipopolysaccharide from Gram-negative bacteria, plays a major role in resistance of mice and humans to Salmonella infection. In chickens, Salmonella may establish a carrier state whereby bacteria are able to persist in the host organism without triggering clinical signs. B...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00025-11
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adipocytokine leptin links nutritional status to immune function. Leptin signaling protects from amebiasis, but the molecular mechanism is not understood. We developed an in vitro model of ameba-host cell interaction to test the hypothesis that leptin prevents ameba-induced apoptosis in host epithelial cells. We d...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.06140-11
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxicity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (endotoxin) is, to a large extent, mediated by the activation of monocytes/macrophages and subsequent release of monokines, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). It is known that LPS binds readily to serum lipoproteins and that LPS-lipoprotein co...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.7.2237-2245.1989
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 18-kilodalton (kDa) antigen of Mycobacterium leprae was expressed as a fusion protein with a 2-kDa leader peptide and used in proliferation assays with peripheral blood cells. Fifty percent of untreated tuberculoid leprosy patients and 93% of long-term leprosy contacts responded to the recombinant protein in lymph...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.7.1979-1983.1989
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an attempt to understand the mechanism of serum resistance in Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, in the present study we examined various interactions among the bacterial surface constituents, serum antibodies, and complement. Analysis of swine sera revealed the presence of anticapsular antibodies in convalescent-pha...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.9.3852-3860.1992
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection of inbred mouse strains with Borrelia burgdorferi results in the development of experimental Lyme arthritis. The degree of arthritic pathology has been suggested to correlate with the level of spirochete burden within tissues. To investigate this further, we infected resistant DBA/2 (DBA) and susceptible C3H...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.5.2065-2071.1998
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A O-specific polysaccharide (O-SP) was activated with 1-cyano-4-dimethylaminopyridinium tetrafluoroborate (CDAP) and bound to tetanus toxoid (TT) with adipic acid dihydrazide as a linker (SPA-TT(1)) or directly (SPA-TT(2)). In mice, these two conjugates elicited high levels of imm...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/iai.68.3.1529-1534.2000
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism by which hamsters acquire resistance to yaws or frambesia is poorly understood. This investigation has shown that immune lymphoid cells (spleen and lymph node) could confer on hamsters resistance to infection with Treponema pertenue. Treatment of these immune cells with a specific antithymocyte serum (AT...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.25.1.208-212.1979
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent study demonstrated that polyclonal antibodies to Rickettsia conorii and monoclonal antibodies to outer membrane proteins A (OmpA) and B (OmpB) provided effective, Fc-dependent, passive immunity, even in severe combined immunodeficient mice with an established infection. In order to determine the mechanism of ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.6.3524-3530.2004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Francisella tularensis is a facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen and the causative agent of tularemia. After infection of macrophages, the organism escapes from its phagosome and replicates to high density in the cytosol, but the bacterial factors required for these aspects of virulence are incompletely define...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00822-12
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rocky Mountain spotted fever, a systemic tick-borne illness caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii, is associated with widespread infection of the vascular endothelium. R. rickettsii infection induces a biphasic pattern of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation in cultured human...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.1.155-165.2005
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::By subcutaneous treatment with an aqueous solution of 6-O-stearoyl-N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine [6-O-CH3-(CH2)16-CO-MurNAc-L-Ala-D-isoGln] [referred to here as L18-MDP(Ala)], an augmentation of the resistance of mice to Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans in...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.37.1.292-300.1982
更新日期:1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The major antigenic determinants of the lipoglycans from Acholeplasma granularum and Acholeplasma axanthum were found to be the oligosaccharide sequences Glcp(beta 1 leads to 2)-Glcp(alpha 1 leads to 4)-Glcp and Glcp(beta 1 leads to 2)-Glcp(beta 1 leads to 2)-Glcp, respectively. The disaccharides sophorose and maltose...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.40.2.629-632.1983
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cholera toxin (CT) and the type II heat-labile enterotoxins (HLT) LT-IIa and LT-IIb act as potent systemic and mucosal adjuvants and induce distinct T-helper (Th)-cell cytokine profiles. In the present study, CT and the type II HLT were found to differentially affect cytokine production by anti-CD3-stimulated human pe...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.69.7.4486-4492.2001
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is an asymmetric lipid bilayer that consists of inner leaflet phospholipids and outer leaflet lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The asymmetric character and unique biochemistry of LPS molecules contribute to the OM's ability to function as a molecular permeability barrier tha...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1128/IAI.00920-19
更新日期:2020-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::Recent data suggest that fibronectin may favor Staphylococcus aureus infection by promoting attachment to either injured tissues or implanted foreign bodies. We studied the quantitative adsorption of fibronectin onto polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cover slips by using a 125I-labeled preparation of the purified plasma g...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.45.3.768-774.1984
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Porphyromonas gingivalis forms communities with antecedent oral biofilm constituent streptococci. P. gingivalis major fimbriae bind to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) present on the streptococcal surface, and this interaction plays an important role in P. gingivalis colonization. This study identified...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00439-09
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bordetella pertussis is the causative agent of whooping cough, a potentially lethal respiratory disease in children. In immunocompetent individuals, B. pertussis infection elicits an effective adaptive immune response driven by activated CD4(+) T cells. However, live B. pertussis persists in the host for 3 to 4 weeks ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.72.3.1450-1462.2004
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antibacterial properties of lysozyme were investigated with oral microorganisms representing the seven serotypes (a through g) of Streptococcus mutans, Veillonella alcalescens, and the virulent (V) and avirulent (AV) strains of Actinomyces viscosus T14. Growth of bacteria in defined medium was monitored spectropho...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In previous work, we identified xanthine oxidase (XO) as an important enzyme in the interaction between the host and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli(EPEC) and Shiga-toxigenic E. coli(STEC). Many of the biological effects of XO were due to the hydrogen peroxide produced by the enzyme. We wondered, however, if uric ac...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01389-15
更新日期:2016-03-24 00:00:00