Abstract:
:The production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and its possible relationship to host resistance and inflammatory response to Pneumocystis carinii infection were examined in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID mice). IL-6 activity was detected in the serum and lungs of P. carinii-infected mice but not in mice free of P. carinii. Moreover, the IL-6 levels in P. carinii-infected mice increased markedly after spleen cell reconstitution but then decreased to an undetectable level after the clearance of P. carinii. However, neutralization of IL-6 activity in spleen cell-reconstituted SCID mice by treatment with anti-IL-6 immunoglobulin G (IgG) resulted in no significant effect on the clearance of P. carinii (P > 0.05). Both the serum and lungs of treated mice contained an excess amount of anti-IL-6 IgG and lacked detectable IL-6. These results suggest that failure to inhibit the P. carinii clearance by anti-IL-6 treatment was not due to insufficient administration of antibody or incomplete neutralization of IL-6 activity. However, compared with mice receiving rat control IgG, mice treated with anti-IL-6 IgG had significantly higher numbers of neutrophils and lymphocytes (particularly CD8+ cells) in the lung lavage fluids (P < 0.05 for both) at day 19 after reconstitution. In addition, the levels of both total IgG (P < 0.001) and P. carinii-specific antibodies (P < 0.05) in the serum of mice treated with anti-IL-6 were significantly higher than those in control mice. These results indicate that although P. carinii infection causes both local and systemic production of IL-6 in SCID mice, IL-6 does not appear to play a crucial role in the clearance of P. carinii. However, it appears that during resolution of P. carinii pneumonia, IL-6 plays a role in the regulation of pulmonary inflammation and antibody responses.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Chen W,Havell EA,Gigliotti F,Harmsen AGdoi
10.1128/IAI.61.1.97-102.1993subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-01-01 00:00:00pages
97-102issue
1eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
61pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Several isolates of Chlamydia pneumoniae were compared with each other and to Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia psittaci by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblots. Protein profiles of the C. pneumoniae isolates appeared to be the same and were distinct from the other Chlamydia spec...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.58.1.93-97.1990
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 34-kilodalton (kDa) antigen of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum (T. pallidum) is a pathogen-specific integral membrane protein. DNA sequence analysis of the cloned gene revealed an open reading frame encoding a primary product of 204 residues with a molecular mass of 22,087 daltons. Sequences that correspond to ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.11.3314-3323.1989
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salivary proline-rich proteins (PRPs), which were purified from parotid saliva, were adsorbed onto 15-nm-diameter gold particles to visualize specific binding of the salivary molecules to Actinomyces viscosus type 1 fimbriae. Negatively stained preparations incubated with PRP-gold conjugates but not bovine serum album...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.58.6.1986-1991.1990
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To look for a possible correlation between the virulence of Rhodococcus equi and its cytokine-inducing capacity, we evaluated intracellular survival and measured cytokine induction by mouse macrophages infected with a virulent strain containing an 85-kb plasmid and expressing VapA (103+), its avirulent plasmid-cured d...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.5.1848-1854.1998
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The infiltration of neutrophils which phagocytose and kill microorganisms is an important defense mechanism against infections of the airways. Bordetella pertussis is a human respiratory pathogen which colonizes ciliated epithelium, causing whooping cough. We have investigated the effects of the peptidoglycan fragment...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.2.639-643.1994
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our previous work suggests that one mechanism through which connective tissue breakdown might occur in periodontal diseases is the production of metalloproteinases, including collagenase, by gingival fibroblasts. In this study we investigated whether highly purified preparations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipotei...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.9.2148-2154.1987
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was performed to determine whether Histoplasma capsulatum (yeast phase) is able to activate the alternative complement pathway. H. capsulatum yeasts were shown to consume C3 in C4-deficient guinea pig serum. Immunoelectrophoretic conversion of alternative pathway component factor B confirmed that C3 ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.30.1.147-149.1980
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The theoretic basis for developing conjugate vaccines, to induce immunoglobulin G (IgG) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antibodies for the prevention of shigellosis, has been described (J. B. Robbins, C.-Y. Chu, and R. Schneerson, Clin. Infect. Dis. 15:346-361, 1992). The O-specific polysaccharides (O-SPs) of Shigella dysent...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.9.3678-3687.1993
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxicity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (endotoxin) is, to a large extent, mediated by the activation of monocytes/macrophages and subsequent release of monokines, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). It is known that LPS binds readily to serum lipoproteins and that LPS-lipoprotein co...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.7.2237-2245.1989
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Newly hatched chicks were vaccinated orally with a genetically defined Salmonella enteritidis aroA candidate, strain CVL30. In chickens immunized with 10(5) or 10(9) CFU and challenged by the intravenous route with 10(8) CFU of S. enteritidis 109 Nalr at 8 weeks old, there were similar reductions in colonization of th...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.11.4747-4754.1994
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lower genital tract infection with Chlamydia trachomatis and C. muridarum can induce long-lasting hydrosalpinx in the upper genital tract of women and female mice, respectively. However, A/J mice were highly resistant to induction of long-lasting hydrosalpinx by C. muridarum. We further compared host inflammatory resp...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00055-14
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycoplasma penetrans adhered to cultured human cells, forming clusters that localized to specific areas of the host cell surface. Adherence and cluster formation were inhibited by anti-M. penetrans antibodies, suggesting the involvement of specific adhesin-receptor interactions. Ultrastructural studies showed that aft...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.64.1.197-208.1996
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A hallmark of Bartonella henselae is persistent bacteremia in cats despite the presence of a vigorous host immune response. To understand better the long-term survival of B. henselae in cats, we examined the feline humoral immune response to B. henselae outer membrane (OM) proteins in naturally and experimentally infe...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.6.3097-3105.2004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously described a new system for the delivery of recombinant antigens in live Salmonella vaccines as genetic fusions to the C terminus of fragment C of tetanus toxin (TetC) driven by the anaerobically inducible nirB promoter. It has been reported that preimmunization with tetanus toxoid (TT) can suppress ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.63.7.2564-2569.1995
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have determined the nucleotide sequence of the 1.4-kilobase DNA fragment containing the plasminogen activator gene (pla) of Yersinia pestis, which determines both plasminogen activator and coagulase activities of the species. The sequence revealed the presence of a 936-base-pair open reading frame that constitutes ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.5.1517-1523.1989
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The region of DNA encoding the mannose-fucose-resistant hemagglutinin (MFRHA) of Vibrio cholerae O1 has been localized, and the nucleotide sequence has been determined. The region contains a single open reading frame encoding 230 amino acids, corresponding to a protein of 26.9 kDa. The N terminus of this protein is at...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.7.3032-3037.1993
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasites that are ubiquitous in nature and have been recognized as causing an important emerging disease among immunocompromised individuals. Limited knowledge exists about the immune response against these organisms, and virtually nothing is known about the receptors involved...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00733-08
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::An effective vaccine for Vibrio cholerae is not yet available for use in the developing world, where the burden of cholera disease is highest. Characterizing the proteins that are expressed by V. cholerae in the human host environment may provide insight into the pathogenesis of cholera and assist with the development...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00585-08
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hot phenol-water extraction of smooth Brucella abortus and B. melitensis cells yielded a toxic fraction which was recovered from the phenol phase (fraction 5). Chemically, fractions 5 from both Brucella species were lipid-carbohydrate-protein-2 keto-3-deoxyoctulosonic acid complexes which were stable to heat and resis...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1970-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sonicated preparations of capsulated Haemophilus influenzae type b, two of its spontaneous mutants, one containing patches of capsules (class I variant) and the other noncapsulated (class II variant), and a noncapsulated strain of H. influenzae type d were analyzed by crossed-immunoelectrophoresis using unadsorbed ant...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.13.6.1733-1742.1976
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bacterial pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei invades host cells, escapes from endocytic vesicles, multiplies intracellularly, and induces the formation of actin tails and membrane protrusions, leading to direct cell-to-cell spreading. This study was aimed at the identification of B. pseudomallei genes responsible ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01262-05
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The leukotrienes and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) play an important role in the pathophysiology of septic shock, in which hypotension, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and hemoconcentration are observed. This study was performed to examine the effects of a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor (AA-861), a selective leukotriene recepto...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.6.2432-2437.1992
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have shown that children with blood group A have increased susceptibility to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) diarrhea and that Lewis blood group "a" antigen (Le(a)) may be a candidate receptor for ETEC colonization factor (CF) antigen I (CFA/I) fimbriae. Based on these findings, we have attempte...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01571-08
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to identify disease-related changes in lymphocyte populations within ileal mucosae of calves with cryptosporidiosis. Groups of five neonatal calves were orally infected at 3 days of age with 10(8) oocysts and maintained in enteric-pathogen-free conditions until clinical disease was esta...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.1.185-190.1997
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::After lysing the phagocytic vacuole, Shigella spp. accumulate filaments of polymerized actin on their surface at one pole, leading to the formation of actin tails that enable them to move through the cytoplasm. We have recently demonstrated that the Shigella protein IcsA is located at the pole that is adjacent to the ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.12.5664-5668.1994
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pattern of meningococcal surface structure expression in different microenvironments following bloodstream invasion in vivo is not known. We used immunohistochemistry to determine the expression of capsule, type IV pili, and PorA by meningococci residing in the skin lesions of children with purpura fulminans. All ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.9.5193-5201.2002
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Candida albicans secreted aspartyl proteinases (Saps) are considered virulence-associated factors. Several members of the Sap family were claimed to play a significant role in the progression of candidiasis established by the hematogenous route. This assumption was based on the observed attenuated virulence of sap-nul...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00248-10
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serum was necessary for optimal phagocytosis of Aspergillus fumigatus spores by human leukocytes, and its opsonic capacity was greatly diminished by heat inactivation (56 C, 30 min). A germination assay, described in this report, was developed to study the fate of phagocytized spores. After incubation for 3 hr with no...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.1.4.345-350.1970
更新日期:1970-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Strain superinfection occurs when a second pathogen strain infects a host already carrying a primary strain. Anaplasma marginale superinfection occurs when the second strain carries a variant repertoire different from that of the primary strain, and the epidemiologic consequences depend on the relative efficiencies of...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01518-08
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hematogenous infections caused by Candida krusei have been noted with increasing frequency, particularly in cancer patients receiving prophylaxis with antifungal triazoles. Progress in understanding the pathogenesis of this emerging infection has been limited by the lack of an animal model. We developed a CF1 mouse in...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.4.1268-1271.1993
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00