Abstract:
PURPOSE:To demonstrate the potential use of subpixel image processing methods to perform automated Hirschberg measurements of strabismic deviations using relatively inexpensive personal computer hardware; to determine if the method might allow screening for strabismus using full-face video images obtained from a distance of 1 meter. METHODS:Strabismic deviations (< 25 prism diopters) were simulated by means of induced asymmetric fixation. A ring of coaxial infrared light-emitting diodes (LED) were used to generate first Purkinje reflexes. Computerized image analysis with subpixel processing was used to measure the locations of the first Purkinje reflexes and pupil centers of video images of 10 normal subjects, following the technique of the clinical Hirschberg test. The apparent strabismic deviation was calculated from the relative asymmetry of the center of the corneal reflex ring to the pupil center in each eye. RESULTS:In 10 normal subjects, there was a statistically significant linear correlation of Hirschberg horizontal reflex deviation with asymmetric fixation pseudo-esotropia (0.85 > or = r2 > or = 0.99, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The Hirschberg test is used manually to detect strabismus in infants and children but requires a highly skilled examiner. The image processing method described here requires no operator interpretation and may make the test more applicable. The results suggest that this technology may be appropriate for a screening instrument.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Miller JM,Mellinger M,Greivenkemp J,Simons Ksubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-10-01 00:00:00pages
3220-9issue
11eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract:Purpose:To investigate diurnal variation in the length of mouse rod outer segments in vivo. Methods:The lengths of rod inner and outer segments (RIS, ROS) of dark-adapted albino mice maintained on a 12-hour dark:12-hour light cycle with light onset 7 AM were measured at prescribed times (6:30 AM, 11 AM, 3:30 PM) durin...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-03-09 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate age-related Meibomian gland (MG) changes by in vivo laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). METHODS:Asymptomatic healthy subjects (n=100, age range 20-83 years) with an Ocular Surface Disease Index score of less than 13 were consecutively enrolled. Two additional groups, one composed of subjects...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.13-11914
更新日期:2013-07-16 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Angioscotomas are scotomata caused by vessel shadows. Their extent may be influenced by physiological and pharmacologic conditions and disease. In this study, the authors quantified angioscotomas in normal subjects using a fundus perimetry technique with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope. They further investigate...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine gain, speed, and temporal characteristics of initial and closed-loop components of vergence eye movements in young and elderly subjects. METHODS:Vergence eye movements in 13 elderly and 10 young adults were examined. A table with light-emitting diodes was used to elicit vergence starting from near (...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi:10.1167/iovs.08-3166
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期:2013-04-17 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-1319
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The entoptic phenomenon by which one can observe leukocytes flowing in one's own parafoveal capillaries has been used to study the effect of changes in perfusion pressure on blood flow. Our measurements in humans with normal ocular fundi indicate that the retinal circulation of the parafovea is autoregulated in relati...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Evidence suggests that capillary degeneration in early diabetic retinopathy results from chronic inflammation, and leukotrienes have been implicated in this process. The authors investigated the cellular sources of leukotriene biosynthesis in diabetic retinas and the effects of hyperglycemia on leukotriene prod...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.09-3557
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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abstract:PURPOSE:To develop a sensitive and reproducible technique for measuring the adherence of blood lymphocytes to vessel walls exposed in sections of human retina and for examining the role of lymphocyte and vascular adhesion molecules in these events. METHODS:Cryostat sections of human retina were overlaid with blood lym...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The retinas of six pigmented rabbits (12 eyes) were irradiated with a cw-Nd:YAG laser using two different pulse forms, in conjunction with a constant pulse duration of 200 msec and a retinal focus diameter of 200 microns. The first pulse form (a) was characterized by an initial transient, lasting 15-20 msec, with a pe...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the effects of mitomycin C (MMC) on the number of keratocytes and the proliferation of fibroblasts after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and exposure to ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation. METHODS:The right eyes of New Zealand White rabbits in Groups 1, 2, and 3 (n = 18 each) underwent PRK to co...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-0070
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2014-05-20 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00