Abstract:
:Inducers of Phase II enzymes, already consumed by humans as food additives, medicines or as constituents of vegetables, can prevent experimental carcinogenesis. Since protection is neither carcinogen- nor organ-specific, clinical trials are already underway to establish the efficacy of 'anticarcinogenic enzyme inducers' (i.e. oltipraz). However, efficient and cost-effective assays to establish the dose wherein a putative anticarcinogen can raise Phase II enzyme levels are lacking. We tested the proposal that serum Phase II enzyme activities would be dependent on relative tissue levels by measuring quinone reductase and glutathione S-transferase activities in sera of mice treated with dietary 2(3)-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA) or dimethyl fumarate. Serum activities were significantly elevated in animals with increased tissue specific activities of these Phase II enzymes. Increasing concentrations of BHA in the diet from 0.05-0.5% increased hepatic specific activities of both QR and GST from two to six-fold, and increases in serum activities were well correlated to increases observed in the liver (r2 > or = 0.95). There was no evidence for an elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase levels. Thus, in the absence of serological evidence for hepatocellular damage, increased serum Phase II enzyme activities can be correlated to tissue levels. Our results suggest that similar assays tailored to human sera will not only be useful in the execution of chemoprevention trials, but also to assess the role that Phase II enzyme induction plays in the prevention of cancer by fruits and vegetables.
journal_name
Carcinogenesisjournal_title
Carcinogenesisauthors
Prochaska HJ,Fernandes CLdoi
10.1093/carcin/14.12.2441subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-12-01 00:00:00pages
2441-5issue
12eissn
0143-3334issn
1460-2180journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
CARCINOGENESIS文献大全abstract::We previously reported that quinacrine (QC) has anticancer activity against breast cancer cells. Here, we examine the mechanism of action of QC and its ability to inhibit Wnt-TCF signaling in two independent breast cancer cell lines. QC altered Wnt-TCF signaling components by increasing the levels of adenomatous polyp...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/bgs351
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specific repair endonucleases were used to quantify oxidative modifications in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from rat liver and from porcine liver and kidney by means of a relaxation assay. In rat liver mitochondria the number of modifications sensitive to formamidopyrimidine--DNA glycosylase (FPG protein), which include ...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/14.11.2309
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to evaluate whether etodolac, a cyclooxgenase-2 (COX-2)-specific inhibitor, could prevent chemically induced biliary carcinogenesis in bilioenterostomized hamsters. Syrian golden hamsters were subjected to choledochojejunostomy and then received subcutaneous injections of N-nitrosobis(2-...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/bgh311
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carnosol is a naturally occurring phytopolyphenol found in rosemary. Carnosol functions as antioxidant and anticarcinogen. In the present study, we compared the antioxidant activity of carnosol and other compounds extracted from rosemary. Carnosol showed potent antioxidative activity in alpha,alpha-diphenyl-beta-picry...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/23.6.983
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies have linked consumption of broccoli to a reduced risk of colon cancer in individuals with the glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) null genotype. GSTs are involved in excretion and elimination of isothiocyanates (ITCs), which are major constituents of broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables a...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/21.12.2287
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole, a thyroid carcinogen and goitrogen, is negative in a wide variety of short-term mutagenicity assays. However, amitrole induces gene mutations and morphological transformation in Syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts, cells known to carry out the prostaglandin H synthase (PHS)-mediated peroxidative ...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/8.5.659
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stimulation of cell proliferation caused by peroxisome proliferators was blocked by antibodies against TNF alpha and agents that inactivate Kupffer cells, a rich source of TNF alpha, which supports the hypothesis that Kupffer cells play a pivotal role in peroxisome proliferator-induced hyperplasia. Here, the ability o...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/19.7.1217
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expression of blood group-related antigens (BGRAs) A, B, H, Le(b), Le(x) and Le(y) was examined immunohistochemically in neoplastic and hyperplastic lesions induced by N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine in Syrian hamsters to determine a relationship between histological and biological patterns of the lesion and expression...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/12.3.441
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression levels of miR-365 vary in different malignancies. Herein, we found that miR-365 was overexpressed in both cells and clinical specimens of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We demonstrated that the HaCaT(pre-miR-365-2) cell line, which overexpressed miR-365, could induce subcutaneous tumors in viv...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/bgt097
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Formaldehyde (FA) is a widely produced industrial chemical. Sufficient evidence exists to consider FA as an animal carcinogen. In humans the evidence is not conclusive. DNA-protein crosslinks (DPC) may be one of the early lesions in the carcinogenesis process in cells following exposures to carcinogens. It has been sh...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/17.1.121
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyproterone acetate (CPA), a synthetic steroid hormone widely used as a human pharmaceutical, has recently been shown to induce unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) in vitro in primary cultures of rat and human hepatocytes. In the present study CPA was evaluated for its ability to initiate UDS in the liver of female rats i...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/17.10.2271
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of proteinase-activated receptor (PAR)(2) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was established by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, confocal immunofluorescence and electron microscopy in permanent cell lines, primary HCC cell cultures and HCC tumor tissue. Stimulation of HCC cells with...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/bgp153
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using whole blood from 15 twin pairs discordant for breast cancer and high-resolution (450K) DNA methylation analysis, we identified 403 differentially methylated CpG sites including known and novel potential breast cancer genes. Confirming the results in an independent validation cohort of 21 twin pairs determined th...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/bgs321
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We measured the mutation frequency and spectrum induced by exposure of the mutation reporter plasmid pSP189 in vivo to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-activated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). The mutation frequency induced in the supF tRNA gene of pSP189 transfected into human Ad293 cells by a 30 min expos...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/17.10.2137
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the era of precision oncology, bladder cancer (BlCa) is characterized by generic patient management and lack of personalized prognosis and surveillance. Herein, we have studied the clinical significance of urothelial cancer associated 1 (UCA1) lncRNA in improving patients' risk stratification and prognosis. A scree...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/bgz045
更新日期:2019-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::The skin tumour promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and the chlorinated insecticide, endosulfan, are two potent inhibitors of gap junctional intercellular communication. In the present study the effects of TPA and endosulfan on cell communication have been investigated in IAR 20 rat liver epithelial ce...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/15.6.1161
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Progression of hepatic neoplasia was assessed in medaka (Oryzias latipes) following aqueous exposure to diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Larvae (2 weeks old) were exposed to 350 or 500 p.p.m. DEN for 48 h, while adults (3-6 months old) were exposed to 50 p.p.m. DEN for 5 weeks. Fish were maintained as long as possible to det...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/20.6.933
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Telomerase contributes to the infinite replicative potential of cancer cells by conferring proliferation and survival through the regulation of growth factors and apoptotic proteins. Although it is generally known that the phytoestrogen, genistein, has telomerase-repressing and anti-proliferative effects on various ca...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/bgm148
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We hypothesized that superoxide from Kupffer cells (KC) contributes to hepatocarcinogenesis. p47phox(-/-) mice, deficient in phagocyte NADPH oxidase and superoxide generation, received a single dose of the hepatocarcinogen diethylnitrosamine (DEN). The following hepatic effects were observed at time points between 30 ...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/bgh320
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Receptor tyrosine kinase EphB3 is expressed in cells in the bottom of intestinal crypts near stem cell niches. Loss of Ephb3 has recently been reported to produce invasive colorectal carcinoma in Apc(Min/+) mice and EphB-mediated compartmentalization was demonstrated to be a mechanism suppressing colorectal cancer pro...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/bgp133
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-stimulated Met signaling influences tumor survival, growth and progression, all processes involving the transcription factor NF-kappaB. NF-kappaB plays a complex role in the control of survival due to the influence of cellular factors acting downstream. We undertook a comparative investi...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/bgh227
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The possibility that long-term exposure to relatively weak power frequency magnetic fields (MFs) emanating from the generation, transmission and use of electricity could increase the risk of breast cancer is a matter of ongoing debate. Laboratory studies using well-defined exposure conditions are useful to examine whe...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/bgm217
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oltipraz (OPZ) is a potent chemopreventive agent against chemically-induced carcinogenesis in several animal models. It affects the expression and/or activity of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes and its effects are altered in the course of inflammation in liver. The present study was undertaken to analyse the effect of...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/22.1.49
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::p90 Ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) 4 is a serine-threonine kinase that belongs to the p90RSK family. RSK4 has been proposed as a tumor suppressor gene, related with anti-invasive activity, inhibition of the RAS-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and induction of senescence. Despite the related findings, little...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/bgr003
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The inbred DRH rats are highly resistant to the induction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by feeding of 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (3'-Me-DAB). Previously, we found that two quantitative trait loci (QTLs), Drh1 and Drh2, significantly reduced the number, size and area of glutathione S-transferase-placental ...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/23.1.189
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mouse Lsp1 gene encodes a 330 amino acid intracellular F-actin binding protein. Previously we showed that the mouse and human Lsp1 genes are expressed in normal B-cells and T-cells, including Thy1+ thymocytes and in normal macrophages and neutrophils. No or little LSP1 RNA and protein was found in a series of tran...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/17.4.771
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::FEZ1/LZTS1 is a tumor suppressor gene that is frequently altered in human cancers of different histotypes. We have reported previously that LZTS1 is downregulated in high-grade bladder cancer and that its restoration suppresses tumorigenicity in urothelial carcinoma cells. To further investigate the role of LZTS1 in t...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/bgn006
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of three benzodiazepine tranquilizers, diazepam, oxazepam and chlordiazepoxide chlorhydrate to block metabolic cooperation between human hepatoma cells was analysed using autoradiographical monitoring. Independent tests were performed with compound concentrations varying from 1 to 50 micrograms/ml. The res...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/8.7.1013
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twist1 is an essential transcription factor required to initiate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promote tumor metastasis. PAQR3 is a newly found tumor suppressor that is frequently downregulated in many types of human cancers. Downregulation of PAQR3 is associated with accelerated metastasis and poor prog...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/bgw013
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene (BP) in cultured human epidermal keratinocytes was investigated using thin layer chromatography, high pressure liquid chromatography and cell-mediated mutagenesis assay. Epidermal keratinocytes were obtained from skin of normal subjects and all experiments were performed on primary cul...
journal_title:Carcinogenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/carcin/1.7.559
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00